Jaakko Samuel Murtomaki

Layout Study for the Dipole Magnets of the Future Circular Collider Using Nb-Ti and Nb3Sn

With the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) up and running, studies have started for its successor. Under study is the Future Circular Collider (FCC), which has a circumference of about 100 km, aiming at a proton–proton collision energy of 100 TeV. Consequently, the main bending dipole magnets have to operate at a magnetic field of 16 T. As a first step towards its realization, this paper presents the results of a parametric study of the cross-sectional layout for dipole magnets with a field in the range of 13–17 T using Nb–Ti and Nb3Sn superconductors. The principal layouts included are the classical Cosine-Theta, the Canted Cosine-Theta, and the Block type. Conductor cost can be reduced significantly when a graded hybrid solution is chosen. Optimizing such complex magnet layouts requires an iterative algorithm, which arranges the positions of the various blocks of coil windings in the coil cross section, thereby finding the thickness of the coil layers. The iterative algorithm is coupled to an adiabatic quench model, which finds an optimal copper-to-superconductor fraction for each of the layers. Outside the iterative cycle, a pattern search algorithm is applied to find a cost optimal distribution of the magnetic field generated by each coil layer.

The EuCARD2 Future Magnets Program for Particle Accelerator High-Field Dipoles: Review of Results and Next Steps

The EuCARD2 collaboration aims at the development of a 10 kA-class superconducting, high current density cable suitable for accelerator magnets, to be tested in small coils and magnets capable to deliver 3-5 T when energized in stand-alone mode, and 15-18 T when inserted in a 12-13 T background magnet. REBCO tape, assembled in a Roebel cable, was selected as conductor. The developed REBCO tape has reached a record engineering critical current density, at 4.2 K and 18 T of

Powering of an HTS dipole insert-magnet operated standalone in helium gas between 5 and 85 K

{\text{956 A/mm}}^{2}

A fast quench protection system for high-temperature superconducting magnets

. Roebel cable carried up to 13 kA at 20 K when tested in a small coil (FeatherM0.4). Then a first dipole magnet, wound with two low-grade Roebel cables of 25 m each, was assembled and tested. The dipole reached the short sample critical current of 6 kA generating more than 3 T central field at about 5.7 K, with indications of good current transfer among cable strands and of relatively soft transition. The construction of a costheta dipole is also discussed. Eucard2 is reaching its objective and is continuing with the H2020-ARIES program aiming at doubling the Je at 20 T to obtain 6 T as standalone and 18 T as insert in a high field facility.