Jack Burger

Effect of saliva dilution on the release of diacetyl and 2‐heptanone from cream style dressings

Aroma release from a cream style dressing, consisting of a thickening agent dispersed in the water phase of an oil in water (o/w) emulsion, has been studied by a purge-and-trap (PT) and a dynamic headspace mastication (DHM) model using two representative volatile compounds, viz. diacetyl and 2-heptanone. These isolations have been carried out from three systems: the dressing, the thickening agent dispersion and the o/w type of emulsion after adding different volumes of artificial saliva. Dilution of the samples with artificial saliva influences the amounts released for diacetyl and 2-heptanone differently: diacetyl decreases upon dilution of the thickening agent dispersion, emulsion and dressing. However, the amount of released 2-heptanone decreased only in the case of the thickening agent dispersion. These differences are caused by the distribution of diacetyl and 2-heptanone between the water and the oil phases. The distribution is not so important, when the DHM model is used for the release from dressings. The viscosity of the mixture of dressing and artificial saliva then plays an essential role. In general, the viscosity is considered to suppress the release of flavour. However, it has been found that the amount of volatile compounds released from the more viscous dressing was greater than from the emulsion. Most probably, the DHM model creates a large surface area by adhesion of the dressing on the wall of the sampling flask and the plunger head. This result suggests that the DHM equipment, which mimics the mouth movement, might be used to predict the real release of flavour in the mouth more precisely than other mouth models.

Flavor release of diacetyl and 2-heptanone from cream style dressings in three mouth model systems.

The release of volatile compounds from a cream style dressing, which consisted of a thickening agent dispersed in the water phase of an oil in water (o/w) type of emulsion, was studied by the purge-and-trap (PT), dynamic head space mastication (DHM) and dynamic headspace (DH) model systems for diacetyl and 2-heptanone as two volatile compounds. Big differences were detected in the quantity of volatiles released by the three models for both diacetyl and 2-heptanone: PT released the most, followed by DHM and DH. Nitrogen gas bubbling in PT and plunger up-and-down motion in DHM mimic mouth movements and promoted volatile release more than DH. The quantity of volatiles released depended on the nitrogen gas flow rate and isolation period with both the PT and the DHM model. Static headspace measurements indicated that no interaction occurred between the volatiles and the dispersion thickening agent, nor between the volatiles and protein of saliva.

The artificial throat: a new device to simulate swallowing and in vivo aroma release in the throat. The effect of emulsion properties on the release in relation to sensory intensity

Abstract The effects of oil content and droplet size distributions of dilute oil-in-water emulsions on release of 4 esters with different hydrophobicities were studied under in vivo , staticheadspace, and artificial throat conditions. The effect of oil content on orthonasal and retronasal perceived intensity of ethyl hexanoate was studied using a sensory panel. The results indicate that the effect of droplet size distribution on aroma release strongly depends on the hydrophobicity of the aroma compound, the emulsion characteristics and the dynamics of the measurement. The lowest oil content that had an effect on aroma release was determined for all systems.