Jack Frommer

The human accessory parotid gland: Its incidence, nature, and significance

Observations on ninety-six dissections of human parotid glands have been presented, with the incidence, size, location, and histologic features of accessory parotid glands noted. Twenty-one per cent of the dissections revealed clearly detached accessory glands at variable distances from the main gland. There were no appreciable histopathologic differences between the accessory gland and the main gland in the same facial half. Aging changes, such as decreased glandular elements, increased fat, and increased fibrous connective tissue, were not more extensive in the accessory gland than in the main gland. Because of the histologic similarity, pathoses of the main gland could also involve the accessory parotid gland. Failure to remove a distantly separated accessory gland during parotidectomy could be a cause of tumor recurrence. X-ray films and sialograms were examined for visualization of accessory parotid glands and their ducts. Whereas routine diagnostic x-ray films were limited in their usefulness, sialograms provided visualization of accessory glands for diagnostic purposes.

Contribution of Meckel's Cartilage to Ossification of the Mandible in Mice

The role of Meckels cartilage in prenatal and neonatal osteogenesis of the mandible was studied in mice. Three ossification processes, two intramembranous and one endochondral, occurred concurrently in the anterior part of the mandible. The contribution of Meckels cartilage was a transient one, but related to possible congenital defects.

Anatomic variations in the stylohyoid chain and their possible clinical significance.

Abstract Dissections of the human stylohyoid chain were undertaken in order to correlate anatomic variations with clinical findings in reports concerning the etiology of the styloid syndrome, stylalgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and other related conditions. Emphasis was placed upon the possible stressful relationships of neurovascular tissues in the space between the styloid process and the tip of the transverse process of the atlas. A narrowing of this gap, with pressure on intervening nerves and vessels, was seen as a possible cause of pain syndrome in the absence of an elongated styloid process or ossified stylohyoid ligament.

Statistical evaluation of the position of the mandibular foramen.

The position of the mandibular foramen and its importance to successful inferior alveolar anesthesia has been well documented. The current study attempts to use position of the narrowest AP width of the ramus and the gonial angle as the important parameters in locating MF, rather than using isolated measurements of the bony mandible proper.

LOCALIZATION AND ONSET OF AMYLASE ACTIVITY IN MOUSE SALIVARY GLANDS DETERMINED BY A SUBSTRATE FILM METHOD

A starch substrate film technique was used to determine the localization and onset of amylase activity in the major salivary glands of mice. The earliest activity occurred in the parotid gland of males and females at 8 days of age. The intensity of the reaction rapidly increased so that by day 16 the entire parotid gland was amylase-positive. The submandibular gland exhibited the sexual dimorphism that has been characterized for the adult gland. Amylase activity was observed in the male at 24 days of age, shortly after the first morphologic differences between the submandibular glands of males and females became apparent. The female showed positive results at 36 days of age. Amylase activity in the submandibular glands was localized to the convoluted tubules. As the gland developed, the amylase activity increased in correlation with the increasing concentration of these tubules. The sublingual gland was always amylase-negative.

The Morphology and Distribution of Nerve Fibers and Endings Associated with the Mandibular Joint of the Mouse

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA LE MORPHOLOGIA E DISTRIBUTION DE FIBRAS E TERMINOS NEURAL ASSOCIATE CON LE ARTICULATION MANDIBULAR DEL Mus.-Esseva studiate sectiones congelate e paraffinate ab pre- e postnatal specimens murin. Le portion dense del disco articular non contineva fibras o terminos neural. Le fibras neural esseva dispergite in tissus periarticular. Il pareva que certe fibras se terminava in tal tissus e que illos esseva sin terminos neural. Nulle encapsulate o specialisate organos terminal o receptores esseva notate. Le possibilitate que libere terminos neural es subserviente con respecto a modalitates sensori altere que le dolor esseva prendite in consideration.

Ultrastructural localization of acid phosphatase in cartilage of young mandibular condyles

SummaryThe fine structural localization of acid phosphatase was studied in cartilage of mandibular condyles of the mouse. Although the final product was found to be deposited within most chondroblasts and chondrocytes, the most abundant precipitate was observed within the hypertrophic chondrocytes in the vicinity of the mineralization front. In these cells, lead phosphate precipitates were noted along the rough endoplasmic reticulum and within lysosome-like bodies. Positive reaction to acid phosphatase was also noticed within vacuoles which were located in the matrix close to the centers of mineralization. It is conceivable that this enzyme is involved in matrix production at one stage of chondrogenesis and in the mineralization process at a later stage.

Dynamic changes in acid mucopolysaccharides during mineralization of the mandibular condylar cartilage

SummarySequential histochemical changes related to acid mucopolysaccharides (AMPS) were studied in the calcifying cartilage of the mandibular condyle. Non-decalcified, 1 μ Eponembedded sections were subjected to a variety of histochemical procedures. The results indicate that AMPS are synthesized and secreted mainly by hypertrophic chondrocytes in the premineralizing zone. Within the matrix at the mineralization front the AMPS complexes are apparently degraded by lysosomal enzymes to yield a highly anionic fraction which is maintained in the matrix. This fraction could function as the site for mineralization and cationic dye reaction which allows for histochemical visualization.

Condylar growth gradients: possible mechanism for spiral or arcial growth of the mandible.

Abstract No Abstract Available. From the department of Orthodontics Dental School, University of Maryland and the Department of Anatomy, Tufts University School of Medicine.

Autoradiographic Study of Cellular Proliferation During Early Development of the Mandibular Condyle in Mice

Tritiated thymidine labeling of cells in the fibroarticular and chondrogenic zones of the mandibular condyle during early differentiation indicated independent proliferation in each zone. Cells of the cartilaginous zone, unlabeled during the two-hour post-thymidine interval, presumably arose by maturation from the cells of the chondrogenic zone.