Jack Sugar

Forbidden Lines in ns2npk Ground Configurations and nsnp Excited Configurations of Beryllium through Molybdenum Atoms and Ions

Observed and predicted wavelengths of magnetic dipole lines arising within ground configurations of the type ns2npk(n=2 and 3, k=1 to 5) are compiled. For n=2 the compilation includes the elements B through Kr, and for k=5 it extends to Mo. For n=3 Al through Mo are included. In addition the 2s2p excited configuration of the Be i isoelectronic sequence for Be through Kr and 3s3p of the Mg sequence for Mg through Mo are included. For each line we give a calculated value for the transition probability obtained mainly from the Dirac‐Fock method or from the use of scaled radial integrals. The calculated wavelengths are obtained from known energy levels or from levels derived from scaled radial integrals. A small group of electric quadrupole lines seen in astronomical sources are included. The list contains 1660 predicted wavelengths in the range 100 A to 25.9 mm and 406 observed wavelengths in the range 325 A to 609 μm.

Energy Levels of Iron, Fe I Through Fe XXVI

Abstract : This is a revision of the compilation of energy levels of iron of all ionization stages made in 1975 by Reader and Sugar. New material has since been provided for all but two of these ions. The present compilation includes electron configurations, energy levels, term designations, calculated leading percentages for most ions, experimental g-values, and ionization energies. (Author)

Ground Levels and Ionization Potentials for Lanthanide and Actinide Atoms and Ions

Values of the first four ionization potentials of the lanthanides (Z=57–71) and of Hf have been compiled. All except the value for neutral Hf are based on spectroscopic data. The spectroscopic designations of the ground levels of the neutral through triply ionized atoms (Z=57–72) are also tabulated. A similar compilation for the actinides (Z=89–103) lists Sugars recent values for the first ionization potentials through No (Z=102). Accurate spectroscopic ionization potentials have been determined for only two of the actinide ions (Ac+ and Th3+). The ground‐level designations for the neutral through triply ionized actinides are given where they are known or can be predicted with near certainty. A selection of references to the most complete and most recent work on the analyses of the optical spectra of the neutral through triply ionized lanthanide and actinide elements is included.

Ionization energies of doubly and triply ionized rare earths

Values for the ionization energies of the doubly and triply ionized rare earth atoms have been derived from interpolated spectroscopic properties of the 4fNns series, and from interpolated energy intervals relating the first series member, 4fN6s, to the ground state. The results in eV are La III19.1774(6)Tb III21.91(10)IV 39.79(20)Ce20.198(3)IV 36.758(5)Dy22.79(30)41.47(20)Pr21.624(3)38.98(2)Ho22.84(10)42.48(32)Nd22.14(30)40.41(20)Er22.74(10)42.65(21)Pm22.32(36)41.09(32)Tm23.68(10)42.69(20)Sm23.43(30)41.37(38)Yb25.03(2)43.74(20)Eu24.70(32)42.65(32)Lu20.9596(10)45.19(2)Gd20.63(10)44.01(35)Hf33.33(2) The values for the doubly ionized atoms agree to within ∼ 1% with those deduced from thermodynamic measurements on lanthanide oxides. A value for the ionization energy of Gd II of 12.09(8) eV was determined by using new spectroscopic data for Gd II and Gd III.

Energy Levels of Copper, Cu I through Cu XXIX

The energy levels of the copper atom, in all stages of ionization for which experimental data are available, have been compiled. Ionization energies, either experimental or theoretical, and experimental g‐factors are given. Leading components of calculated eigenvectors are listed.

Analysis of the Spectrum of Triply Ionized Praseodymium (Pr iv)

The spectrum of Pr3+ produced by a sliding spark discharge was photographed in the wavelength range of 800 to 3100 A with a 35-ft Eagle vacuum spectrograph. An analysis of the resulting line list led to the discovery of all the levels of the 4f2 (except the 1S0), 4f5d, 4f6s, and 4f6p configurations. The interaction parameters for each configuration were derived from a least-squares fit of the energy formulas to the observed levels.

Spectrum and energy levels of doubly ionized europium (Eu iii)

The spectrum of Eu iii obtained with a 6 A sliding-spark discharge has been measured from 2000 A to 9000 A. Of the 890 spectral lines observed, one-third are classified in an energy-level scheme consisting of 104 excited levels. These belong to the 4f7 configuration and to the 4f6(7F)5d, 4f6(7F)6s, and 4f6(7F)6p subconfigurations. Except for 4f7, calculations of these configurations with least-squares-adjusted parameters were carried out. A reasonably suitable truncation for the energy matrices of each configuration was found.

Energy Levels of Krypton, Kr I through Kr XXXVI

The energy levels of the krypton atom, in all stages of ionization for which experimental data are available, have been compiled. No data has yet been published for Kr XI through Kr XVIII. For H‐like krypton very accurate calculated level values are compiled. In all, data for 29 spectra are given. Experimental g‐factors are included for Kr I and Kr II. Calculated percentage compositions of levels are given for 12 ions. A value for the ionization energy of each ion, either experimental or theoretical, is included.

Energy levels of chromium, Cr I through Cr XXIV

The energy levels of the chromium atom in all of its stages of ionization, as derived from the analyses of atomic spectra, have been completed. In cases where only line classifications are given in the literature, level values have been derived. The percentages for the two leading components of the calculated eigenvectors of the levels are given where available. Ionization energies and g‐factors are also given.

Energy levels of nickel, Ni I through Ni XXVIII

The energy levels of the nickel atom in all of its stages of ionization, as derived from the analyses of atomic spectra, have been critically compiled. In cases where only line classifications are reported in the literature, level values have been derived. Electron configurations, term designations, J‐values, experimental g‐values, and ionization energies are included.