Jackie Boyle
University of Newcastle
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Featured researches published by Jackie Boyle.
Nature Genetics | 2009
Patrick Tarpey; Raffaella Smith; Erin Pleasance; Annabel Whibley; Sarah Edkins; Claire Hardy; Sarah O'Meara; Calli Latimer; Ed Dicks; Andrew Menzies; Phil Stephens; Matt Blow; Christopher Greenman; Yali Xue; Chris Tyler-Smith; Deborah Thompson; Kristian Gray; Jenny Andrews; Syd Barthorpe; Gemma Buck; Jennifer Cole; Rebecca Dunmore; David Jones; Mark Maddison; Tatiana Mironenko; Rachel Turner; Kelly Turrell; Jennifer Varian; Sofie West; Sara Widaa
Large-scale systematic resequencing has been proposed as the key future strategy for the discovery of rare, disease-causing sequence variants across the spectrum of human complex disease. We have sequenced the coding exons of the X chromosome in 208 families with X-linked mental retardation (XLMR), the largest direct screen for constitutional disease-causing mutations thus far reported. The screen has discovered nine genes implicated in XLMR, including SYP, ZNF711 and CASK reported here, confirming the power of this strategy. The study has, however, also highlighted issues confronting whole-genome sequencing screens, including the observation that loss of function of 1% or more of X-chromosome genes is compatible with apparently normal existence.
American Journal of Human Genetics | 2007
F. Lucy Raymond; Patrick Tarpey; Sarah Edkins; Calli Tofts; Sarah O’Meara; Jon Teague; Adam Butler; Claire Stevens; Syd Barthorpe; Gemma Buck; Jennifer Cole; Ed Dicks; Kristian Gray; Kelly Halliday; Katy Hills; Jonathon Hinton; David Jones; Andrew Menzies; Janet Perry; Keiran Raine; Rebecca Shepherd; Alexandra Small; Jennifer Varian; Sara Widaa; Uma Mallya; Jenny Moon; Ying Luo; Marie Shaw; Jackie Boyle; Bronwyn Kerr
We have identified one frameshift mutation, one splice-site mutation, and two missense mutations in highly conserved residues in ZDHHC9 at Xq26.1 in 4 of 250 families with X-linked mental retardation (XLMR). In three of the families, the mental retardation phenotype is associated with a Marfanoid habitus, although none of the affected individuals meets the Ghent criteria for Marfan syndrome. ZDHHC9 is a palmitoyltransferase that catalyzes the posttranslational modification of NRAS and HRAS. The degree of palmitoylation determines the temporal and spatial location of these proteins in the plasma membrane and Golgi complex. The finding of mutations in ZDHHC9 suggests that alterations in the concentrations and cellular distribution of target proteins are sufficient to cause disease. This is the first XLMR gene to be reported that encodes a posttranslational modification enzyme, palmitoyltransferase. Furthermore, now that the first palmitoyltransferase that causes mental retardation has been identified, defects in other palmitoylation transferases become good candidates for causing other mental retardation syndromes.
Nature Genetics | 2010
Cheryl Shoubridge; Patrick Tarpey; Fatima Abidi; Sarah L. Ramsden; Sinitdhorn Rujirabanjerd; Jessica A. Murphy; Jackie Boyle; Marie Shaw; Alison Gardner; Anne Proos; Helen Puusepp; F. Lucy Raymond; Charles E. Schwartz; Roger E. Stevenson; Gill Turner; Michael Field; Randall S. Walikonis; Robert J. Harvey; Anna Hackett; P. Andrew Futreal; Michael R. Stratton; Jozef Gecz
The first family identified as having a nonsyndromic intellectual disability was mapped in 1988. Here we show that a mutation of IQSEC2, encoding a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the ADP-ribosylation factor family of small GTPases, caused this disorder. In addition to MRX1, IQSEC2 mutations were identified in three other families with X-linked intellectual disability. This discovery was made possible by systematic and unbiased X chromosome exome resequencing.
American Journal of Human Genetics | 2010
Annabel Whibley; Vincent Plagnol; Patrick Tarpey; Fatima Abidi; Tod Fullston; Maja K. Choma; Catherine A. Boucher; Lorraine Shepherd; Lionel Willatt; Georgina Parkin; Raffaella Smith; P. Andrew Futreal; Marie Shaw; Jackie Boyle; Andrea Licata; Cindy Skinner; Roger E. Stevenson; Gillian Turner; Michael Field; Anna Hackett; Charles E. Schwartz; Jozef Gecz; Michael R. Stratton; F. Lucy Raymond
Copy number variants and indels in 251 families with evidence of X-linked intellectual disability (XLID) were investigated by array comparative genomic hybridization on a high-density oligonucleotide X chromosome array platform. We identified pathogenic copy number variants in 10% of families, with mutations ranging from 2 kb to 11 Mb in size. The challenge of assessing causality was facilitated by prior knowledge of XLID-associated genes and the ability to test for cosegregation of variants with disease through extended pedigrees. Fine-scale analysis of rare variants in XLID families leads us to propose four additional genes, PTCHD1, WDR13, FAAH2, and GSPT2, as candidates for XLID causation and the identification of further deletions and duplications affecting X chromosome genes but without apparent disease consequences. Breakpoints of pathogenic variants were characterized to provide insight into the underlying mutational mechanisms and indicated a predominance of mitotic rather than meiotic events. By effectively bridging the gap between karyotype-level investigations and X chromosome exon resequencing, this study informs discussion of alternative mutational mechanisms, such as noncoding variants and non-X-linked disease, which might explain the shortfall of mutation yield in the well-characterized International Genetics of Learning Disability (IGOLD) cohort, where currently disease remains unexplained in two-thirds of families.
Molecular Psychiatry | 2016
Hao Hu; Stefan A. Haas; Jamel Chelly; H. Van Esch; Martine Raynaud; A.P.M. de Brouwer; Stefanie Weinert; Guy Froyen; Suzanne Frints; Frédéric Laumonnier; Tomasz Zemojtel; Michael I. Love; Hugues Richard; Anne-Katrin Emde; Melanie Bienek; Corinna Jensen; Melanie Hambrock; Utz Fischer; C. Langnick; M. Feldkamp; Willemijn Wissink-Lindhout; Nicolas Lebrun; Laetitia Castelnau; J. Rucci; R. Montjean; Olivier Dorseuil; Pierre Billuart; Till Stuhlmann; Marie Shaw; Mark Corbett
X-linked intellectual disability (XLID) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder. During the past two decades in excess of 100 X-chromosome ID genes have been identified. Yet, a large number of families mapping to the X-chromosome remained unresolved suggesting that more XLID genes or loci are yet to be identified. Here, we have investigated 405 unresolved families with XLID. We employed massively parallel sequencing of all X-chromosome exons in the index males. The majority of these males were previously tested negative for copy number variations and for mutations in a subset of known XLID genes by Sanger sequencing. In total, 745 X-chromosomal genes were screened. After stringent filtering, a total of 1297 non-recurrent exonic variants remained for prioritization. Co-segregation analysis of potential clinically relevant changes revealed that 80 families (20%) carried pathogenic variants in established XLID genes. In 19 families, we detected likely causative protein truncating and missense variants in 7 novel and validated XLID genes (CLCN4, CNKSR2, FRMPD4, KLHL15, LAS1L, RLIM and USP27X) and potentially deleterious variants in 2 novel candidate XLID genes (CDK16 and TAF1). We show that the CLCN4 and CNKSR2 variants impair protein functions as indicated by electrophysiological studies and altered differentiation of cultured primary neurons from Clcn4−/− mice or after mRNA knock-down. The newly identified and candidate XLID proteins belong to pathways and networks with established roles in cognitive function and intellectual disability in particular. We suggest that systematic sequencing of all X-chromosomal genes in a cohort of patients with genetic evidence for X-chromosome locus involvement may resolve up to 58% of Fragile X-negative cases.
European Journal of Human Genetics | 2010
Anna Hackett; Patrick Tarpey; Andrea Licata; James J. Cox; Annabel Whibley; Jackie Boyle; Carolyn Rogers; John Grigg; Michael Partington; Roger E. Stevenson; John Tolmie; John R.W. Yates; Gillian Turner; Meredith Wilson; Andrew Futreal; Mark Corbett; Marie Shaw; Jozef Gecz; F. Lucy Raymond; Michael R. Stratton; Charles E. Schwartz; Fatima Abidi
Mutations of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) gene have recently been associated with X-linked mental retardation (XLMR) with microcephaly, optic atrophy and brainstem and cerebellar hypoplasia, as well as with an X-linked syndrome having some FG-like features. Our group has recently identified four male probands from 358 probable XLMR families with missense mutations (p.Y268H, p.P396S, p.D710G and p.W919R) in the CASK gene. Congenital nystagmus, a rare and striking feature, was present in two of these families. We screened a further 45 probands with either nystagmus or microcephaly and mental retardation (MR), and identified two further mutations, a missense mutation (p.Y728C) and a splice mutation (c.2521-2A>T) in two small families with nystagmus and MR. Detailed clinical examinations of all six families, including an ophthalmological review in four families, were undertaken to further characterise the phenotype. We report on the clinical features of 24 individuals, mostly male, from six families with CASK mutations. The phenotype was variable, ranging from non-syndromic mild MR to severe MR associated with microcephaly and dysmorphic facial features. Carrier females were variably affected. Congenital nystagmus was found in members of four of the families. Our findings reinforce the CASK gene as a relatively frequent cause of XLMR in females and males. We further define the phenotypic spectrum and demonstrate that affected males with missense mutations or in-frame deletions in CASK are frequently associated with congenital nystagmus and XLMR, a striking feature not previously reported.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | 2007
Ye Wu; Amy C. Arai; Gavin Rumbaugh; Anand K. Srivastava; Gillian Turner; Takashi Hayashi; Erika Suzuki; Yuwu Jiang; Lilei Zhang; Jayson Rodriguez; Jackie Boyle; Patrick Tarpey; F. Lucy Raymond; Joke Nevelsteen; Guido Froyen; Michael R. Stratton; Andy Futreal; Jozef Gecz; Roger E. Stevenson; Charles E. Schwartz; David Valle; Richard L. Huganir; Tao Wang
Ionotropic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors (iGluRs) mediate the majority of excitatory synaptic transmission in the CNS and are essential for the induction and maintenance of long-term potentiation and long-term depression, two cellular models of learning and memory. We identified a genomic deletion (0.4 Mb) involving the entire GRIA3 (encoding iGluR3) by using an X-array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and four missense variants (G833R, M706T, R631S, and R450Q) in functional domains of iGluR3 by sequencing 400 males with X-linked mental retardation (XLMR). Three variants were found in males with moderate MR and were absent in 500 control males. Expression studies in HEK293 cells showed that G833R resulted in a 78% reduction of iGluR3 due to protein misfolding. Whole-cell recording studies of iGluR3 homomers in HEK293 cells revealed that neither iGluR3-M706T (S2 domain) nor iGluR3-R631S (near channel core) had substantial channel function, whereas R450Q (S1 domain) was associated with accelerated receptor desensitization. When forming heteromeric receptors with iGluR2 in HEK293 cells, all four iGluR3 variants had altered desensitization kinetics. Our study provides the genetic and functional evidence that mutant iGluR3 with altered kinetic properties is associated with moderate cognitive impairment in humans.
Clinical Genetics | 2004
Michael Partington; G Turner; Jackie Boyle; Jozef Gecz
Three families with X‐linked mental retardation caused by a 24 base‐pair duplication in ARX[428–451dup(24 bp)] are reported. The clinical features in these and six other published families are reviewed. In general, the clinical picture is variable. Mental retardation ranges from mild to severe. Infantile spasms (West syndrome) occurred in 12.5% and other less severe forms of seizures in 37.5%. Characteristic dystonic movements of the hands were seen in 63% and dysarthria in 54%. The focal dystonia, in association with mental retardation, may prove to be diagnostic of this mutation.
Clinical Genetics | 2006
Michael Field; Patrick Tarpey; Jackie Boyle; Sarah Edkins; J Goodship; Ying Luo; Jenny Moon; J Teague; Stratton; Pa Futreal; Richard Wooster; Fl Raymond; Gillian Turner
We describe three families with X‐linked mental retardation, two with a deletion of a single amino acid and one with a missense mutation in the proximal domain of the RSK2(RPS6KA3) (ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90 kDa, polypeptide 3) protein similar to mutations found in Coffin–Lowry syndrome (CLS). In two families, the clinical diagnosis had been nonsyndromic X‐linked mental retardation. In the third family, although CLS had been suspected, the clinical features were atypical and the degree of intellectual disability much less than expected. These families show that strict reliance on classical clinical criteria for mutation testing may result in a missed diagnosis. A less targeted screening approach to mutation testing is advocated.
American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A | 2013
Louise Christie; Tiffany Wotton; Bruce Bennetts; Veronica Wiley; Bridget Wilcken; Carolyn Rogers; Jackie Boyle; Catherine Turner; Jessica Hansen; Matthew Hunter; Himanshu Goel; Michael Field
Although fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the commonest cause of inherited intellectual disability the mean age of diagnosis in Australia is 5.5 years. Newborn screening for FXS can provide an early diagnosis, preventing the “diagnostic odyssey”, allowing access to early interventions, and providing reproductive information for parents. Parents of affected children support newborn screening, but few clinical studies have evaluated community attitudes. A pilot study in 2009–2010 was performed in a tertiary hospital to explore feasibility and maternal attitudes. FXS testing of male and female newborns was offered to mothers in addition to routine newborn screening. Mothers were provided with information about FXS, inheritance pattern, carrier status, and associated adult‐onset disorders. One thousand nine hundred seventy‐one of 2,094 mothers (94%) consented to testing of 2,000 newborns. 86% completed the attitudinal survey and 10% provided written comments. Almost all parents (99%) elected to be informed of both premutation and full mutation status and there was little concern about identification of carrier status or associated adult‐onset disorders. Most mothers (96%) were comfortable being approached in the postnatal period and supported testing because no extra blood test was required. Mothers considered an early diagnosis beneficial to help prepare for a child with additional needs (93%) and for reproductive planning (64%). Some were anxious about the potential test results (10%) and others felt their feelings towards their newborn may change if diagnosed with FXS (16%). High participation rates and maternal attitudes indicate a high level of maternal acceptance and voluntary support for newborn screening for FXS.