Jackson Barros do Amaral

Composição físico-química e produção do leite de búfalas da raça Mediterrâneo no oeste do Estado de São Paulo

The objective of this study was to evaluate milk yield and some physico-chemical characteristics of milk from Mediterranean buffalo cows raised in western Sao Paulo. A total of 1438 observations was collected from 152 lactations that occurred from 1985 to 1995, at the Experimental Station of Andradina. The data were analyzed by means of the GLM procedure of SAS. The statistical model for milk production had month and lactation as fixed effects. The model for chemical constituents included milk yield as covariate. All effects were significant. The overall adjusted means were 4.52 kg, 4.13%, 6.59%; 17.01%, 10.47% and 18.98°D for milk production, protein, fat and total solids, solids not fat and titratable acidity, respectively. High nutrient contents were observed, which shows the good quality of the product.

Validation of the UNESP-Botucatu unidimensional composite pain scale for assessing postoperative pain in cattle

BackgroundThe recognition and measurement of pain in cattle are important in determining the necessity for and efficacy of analgesic intervention. The aim of this study was to record behaviour and determine the validity and reliability of an instrument to assess acute pain in 40 cattle subjected to orchiectomy after sedation with xylazine and local anaesthesia. The animals were filmed before and after orchiectomy to record behaviour. The pain scale was based on previous studies, on a pilot study and on analysis of the camera footage. Three blinded observers and a local observer assessed the edited films obtained during the preoperative and postoperative periods, before and after rescue analgesia and 24 hours after surgery. Re-evaluation was performed one month after the first analysis. Criterion validity (agreement) and item-total correlation using Spearmans coefficient were employed to refine the scale. Based on factor analysis, a unidimensional scale was adopted.ResultsThe internal consistency of the data was excellent after refinement (Cronbach;s α coefficient = 0.866). There was a high correlation (p < 0.001) between the proposed scale and the visual analogue, simple descriptive and numerical rating scales. The construct validity and responsiveness were confirmed by the increase and decrease in pain scores after surgery and rescue analgesia, respectively (p < 0.001). Inter- and intra-observer reliability ranged from moderate to very good. The optimal cut-off point for rescue analgesia was > 4, and analysis of the area under the curve (AUC = 0.963) showed excellent discriminatory ability.ConclusionThe UNESP-Botucatu unidimensional pain scale for assessing acute postoperative pain in cattle is a valid, reliable and responsive instrument with excellent internal consistency and discriminatory ability. The cut-off point for rescue analgesia provides an additional tool for guiding analgesic therapy.

Luteal changes after treatment with sub-luteolytic doses of prostaglandin (cloprostenol sodium) in cattle

This study characterizes the physiological and morphological changes related to partial luteolysis in bovine corpus luteum (CL) after challenges with sub-doses of cloprostenol sodium on Day 6 (D6) of the estrous cycle. Cows (n = 12/treatment) were treated as follows: Control (2 mL, saline, i.m.); 2XPGF (two treatments i.m. 500 μg of cloprostenol sodium 2 h apart) and 1/6PGF (83.3 μg of cloprostenol sodium, i.m., once). Plasma progesterone (P4) concentration, CL volume and blood flow were measured immediately before the treatments, then every 8 h (h) for 48 h. In the Control, P4 concentrations were higher at 48 h than at 0 h. P4 decreased 8h after 2XPGF treatment (P < 0.05), and remained low until the end of the trial. P4 decreased in 1/6PGF between 8 and 16 h (P < 0.05), then began to rebound at 24 h. Luteal volume was higher in Controls at 48 h than at 0 h. Under 1/6PGF, luteal volume decreased at 24 h (P < 0.05) and began to rebound at 32 h. Luteal volume and blood flow were reduced starting at 24 and 32 h, respectively, after 2XPGF treatment (P < 0.05). In this study, we were able to describe the partial luteolysis phenomenon, induced by a treatment of a D6CL with cloprostenol sub-dose.

Relação homem-animal durante procedimento clínico cirúrgico e pós-operatório em bezerro Holandês Preto e Branco acometido por atresia anal: Relato de Caso

This relate tells the objective of describing human-animal relation during clinical-surgical treatment and postoperative treatment in Holstein calf treated by anal atresia and its possible effects on well-being and gaining weight. Anal atresia is a congenital malformation with occlusions in the challenge and anus that occurs in animals and in human. The well-being of animals afflicted by pain and suffering in the

Aspectos da dor e sofrimento no bem-estar de bovinos leiteiros acometidos por podopatias

Pain and suffering are present in all systems of exploitation of dairy cattle and podopathies, associated or not with lameness, represents one of the most important health problems that compromises the welfare of this animal category. From medical point of view, pain and suffering are complex nosological entities and their diagnosis, control and treatment involve factors that interact not only with animals, but with man as well, which represents the central problem. In this context, society is increasingly becoming sensitive to pain and animal suffering, demonstrating a feeling that is not limited only to cruelty. There are several factors on which this problem persists in breeding environments and, has been ignored in most of the times. However, some of these factors are overwhelmingly subordinated to livestock strictly conditioned to the economic value of these animals, transforming euthanasia, death or early slaughter as refuge to escape from unnecessary pain and suffering. In this scenario, dairy cattle farming has essentially Amaral & Trevisan 1075 PUBVET v.11, n.11, p.1074-1084, Nov, 2017 extractive characteristics, not only from the economic point of view, but also from the scientific point of view. This review aims to discuss pain and suffering aspects of dairy cattle affected by podopathies and to generate a conceptual model of evaluation of this and other pathologies in the context of welfare issues, pertinent legislation, ethics committees and animal protecting societies.

Luteal sensitivity of cows to cloprostenol during the oestrous cycle

The aim of this study was to analyze the follicle and oocytes morphometry from different follicular classes. The ovaries of 17 queens in anestrus were classified into three groups: Young (0–1 year), Adults (1–6 years) and Older (>6 years). The ovaries were fixed in paraformaldehyde 5%, embedding in paraffin and staining with haematoxylin-eosin. For morphological analysis the tissue sections were photographed by microscope (Olympus BX61) and classified as primordial, unilaminar primary, multilaminar primary, secondary and pre-ovulatory follicles. A total of 1039 follicles were measured and the parameters utilized were: diameter (lm), area (lm2) and perimeter (lm). The statistical used were ANOVA and the means were compared by Tukey test and medians using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons (p < 0.05). In young queens primordial follicles there were increased in the mean diameter, area and perimeter of follicle (45.16 lm, 1941 lm and 157.24 lm) and oocytes (40.55 lm, 1320.4 lm and 129.90 lm) when compared to adults (Follicles: 41.51 lm, 1652.4 lm e 145.56 lm and in oocytes: 37.57 lm, 1134.3 lm and 120.58 lm). A biphasic pattern of follicle and oocyte growth was observed through linear regression. Before antrum formation, follicle (x) and oocyte (y) size were positively and linearly correlated (y = 0.304x + 25.01, r = 0.72), although after antrum formation a negative correlation were found (y = 0.007x + 98.00, r = 0.00). The queen offers many benefits as a model of ovarian folliculogenesis, and may be useful in preserving of endangered animals. Acknowledgements: FAPESP for financial support.

Functional and structural changes in bovine corpus luteum during partial luteolysis

Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Clin Surg & Anim Reprod, Fac Vet Med, UNESP, Sao Paulo, BrazilUNESP, Sch Vet Med & Anim Sci, Dept Anim Reprod, Lab Adv Reprod & Cell Therapy LAN A, Botucatu, SP, Brazil