Jadelson Pinheiro de Andrade

I Latin American Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Chagas' heart disease: executive summary.

Jadelson Pinheiro de Andrade, Jose Antonio Marin Neto, Angelo Amato Vincenzo de Paola, Fábio Vilas-Boas, Glaucia Maria Moraes Oliveira, Fernando Bacal, Edimar Alcides Bocchi, Dirceu Rodrigues Almeida, Abilio Augusto Fragata Filho, Maria da Consolação Vieira Moreira, Sergio Salles Xavier, Wilson Alves de Oliveira Junior, João Carlos Pinto Dias et al Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brasil

Desfechos clínicos aos 30 dias do registro brasileiro das síndromes coronárias agudas (ACCEPT)

BACKGROUND There are few registries documenting clinical practice in Brazilian patients with acute coronary syndrome. OBJECTIVES Demography description, occurrence of major clinical adverse events and comparative analysis in patients submitted or not to an invasive strategy (coronary angiography and myocardial revascularization) in a Brazilian multicenter registry of acute coronary syndrome. METHODS The ACCEPT/SBC registry prospectively collected data on acute coronary syndrome patients from 47 Brazilian hospitals. The current analysis reports the occurrence of major clinical outcomes and according to the performance or not of a procedure for myocardial revascularization at the end of 30 day follow-up. RESULTS Between August 2010 and December 2011, 2.485 patients were enrolled in this registry. Of these, 31.6% had unstable angina, 34.9% and 33.4% had acute coronary syndrome without and with ST-segment elevation. At 30 days, the performance of a myocardial revascularization procedure was progressively higher according to the severity of clinical presentation (38.7% vs. 53.6% vs. 77.7%, p < 0.001). Cardiac mortality among those submitted or not to myocardial revascularization procedure was 1.0% vs. 2.3% (p = 0.268), 1.9% vs. 4.2% (p = 0.070) and 2.0% vs. 8.1% (p < 0.001), in those with unstable angina, acute coronary syndrome without and with ST-segment elevation, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The prescription of a myocardial revascularization procedure was progressively more frequent according to the severity of clinical presentation; for those treated during acute coronary syndrome without and with ST-segment elevation, there was a trend and significant decrease in mortality rate at 30 day of follow-up, respectively.

I Diretriz de Prevenção Cardiovascular da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - Resumo Executivo

Brazil currently faces a major health challenge: the pandemic scenario of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. According to Brazilian Health Ministry data, 326,000 deaths due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) occurred in 2010, corresponding to approximately 1,000 deaths/day, 200,000 deaths due exclusively to ischemic heart and cerebrovascular diseases, reflecting a gloomy scenario far from the minimally acceptable control.

I Diretriz Latino-Americana para o diagnóstico e tratamento da cardiopatia chagásica: resumo executivo

Jadelson Pinheiro de Andrade, Jose Antonio Marin Neto, Angelo Amato Vincenzo de Paola, Fábio Vilas-Boas, Glaucia Maria Moraes Oliveira, Fernando Bacal, Edimar Alcides Bocchi, Dirceu Rodrigues Almeida, Abilio Augusto Fragata Filho, Maria da Consolação Vieira Moreira, Sergio Salles Xavier, Wilson Alves de Oliveira Junior, João Carlos Pinto Dias et al Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brasil

Diabetes and Cardiovascular Events In High-Risk Patients: Insights from a Multicenter Registry in a Middle-Income Country

AIMS The aim of this study was to determine the rate of major clinical events and its determinants in patients with previous cardiovascular event or not, and with or without diabetes from a middle-income country. METHODS REACT study is a multicenter registry conducted between July 2010 and May 2013 in Brazil. Patients were eligible if they were over 45years old and high cardiovascular risk. Patients were followed for 12months; data were collected regarding adherence to evidence-based therapies and occurrence of clinical events (all-cause mortality, non-fatal cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, or stroke). RESULTS A total of 5006 subjects was included and analyzed in four groups: No diabetes and no previous cardiovascular event, n=430; diabetes and no previous cardiovascular event, n=1138; no diabetes and previous cardiovascular event, n=1747; and diabetes and previous cardiovascular event, n=1691. Major clinical events in one-year follow-up occurred in 332 patients. A previous cardiovascular event was associated with a higher risk of having another event in the follow-up (HR 2.31 95% CI 1.74-3.05, p<0.001), as did the presence of diabetes (HR 1.28 95% CI 1.10-1.73, p=0.005). In patients with diabetes,failure to reach HbA1c targetswas related topoorer event-free survival compared to patients with good metabolic control (HR 1.70 95% CI 1.01-2.84, p=0.044). CONCLUSIONS In Brazil, diabetes confers high risk for major clinical events, but this condition is not equivalent to having a previous cardiovascular event. Moreover, not so strict targets for HbA1c in patients with diabetes and previous cardiovascular events might be considered.

Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia: carta do Rio de Janeiro - III Brasil Prevent / I América Latina Prevent

The final document will be published as a special article in the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia and as an editorial note in scientific journals of societies and their affiliates supporting this documentThe document aims to provide an overview of cardiovascular diseases and outline strategic actions to reduce the prevalence of risk factors that contribute to high morbidity and mortality.Acknowledging the Political Declaration of the United Nations High-Level Meeting on the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases (NCD’s)

Prescrição de terapias baseadas em evidências para pacientes de alto risco cardiovascular: estudo REACT

BACKGROUND Data on outpatient care provided to patients at high cardiovascular risk in Brazil are insufficient. OBJECTIVE To describe the profile and document the clinical practice of outpatient care in patients at high cardiovascular risk in Brazil, regarding the prescription of evidence-based therapies. METHODS Prospective registry that documented the ambulatory clinical practice in individuals at high cardiovascular risk, which was defined as the presence of the following factors: coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular diseases, diabetes, or those with at least three of the following factors: hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia, age > 70 years, family history of coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease or asymptomatic carotid artery disease. Basal characteristics were assessed and the rate of prescription of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions was analyzed. RESULTS A total of 2364 consecutive patients were included, of which 52.2% were males, with a mean age of 66.0 years (± 10.1). Of these, 78.3% used antiplatelet agents, 77.0% used statins and of patients with a history of myocardial infarction, 58.0% received beta-blockers. Concomitant use of these three classes of drugs was 34%; 50.9% of hypertensive, 67% of diabetic and 25.7% of dyslipidemic patients did not achieve the goals recommended by guidelines. The main predictors of prescription therapies with proven benefit were centers with a cardiologist and history of coronary artery disease. CONCLUSION This national and representative registry identified important gaps in the incorporation of therapies with proven benefit, offering a realistic outlook of patients at high cardiovascular risk.

Reduction in diastolic blood pressure and cardiovascular mortality in nondiabetic hypertensive patients. A reanalysis of the HOT study.

OBJECTIVE To use published Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) Study data to evaluate changes in cardiovascular mortality in nondiabetic hypertensive patients according to the degree of reduction in their diastolic blood pressure. METHODS In the HOT Study, 18,700 patients from various centers were allocated at random to groups having different objectives of for diastolic blood pressure: </=90 (n=6264); </=85 (n=6264); </=80mmHg (n=6262). Felodipine was the basic drug used. Other antihypertensive drugs were administered in a sequential manner, aiming at the objectives of diastolic blood pressure reduction. RESULTS The group of nondiabetic hypertensive subjects with diastolic pressure</=80mmHg had a cardiovascular mortality ratio of 4.1/1000 patients/year, 35.5% higher than the group with diastolic pressure </=90mmHg (cardiovascular mortality ratio, 3.1/1000 patients/year). In contrast, diabetic patients allocated to the diastolic pressure objective group of </=80mmHg had a 66.7% reduction in cardiovascular mortality (3.7/1000 patients/year) when compared with the diastolic pressure group of </=90mmHg (cardiovascular mortality ratio, 11.1/1000 patients/year). CONCLUSION The results indicate that in hypertensive diabetic patients reduction in diastolic blood pressure to levels </=80mmHg decreases the risk of fatal cardiovascular events. It remains necessary to define the level of diastolic blood pressure </=90mmHg at which maximal reduction in cardiovascular mortality is obtained for nondiabetics.

Use of Evidence-Based Interventions in Acute Coronary Syndrome - Subanalysis of the ACCEPT Registry

Background The recommendations in guidelines are based on evidence; however, there is a gap between recommendations and clinical practice. Objective To describe the practice of prescribing evidence-based treatments for patients with acute coronary syndrome in Brazil. Methods This study carried out a subanalysis of the ACCEPT registry, assessing epidemiological data and the prescription rate of acetylsalicylic acid, p2y12 inhibitors, antithrombotic drugs, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin-receptor blockers (IAT1RB), and statins. In addition, the quality of myocardial reperfusion in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction was evaluated. Results This study assessed 2,453 patients. The prescription rates of acetylsalicylic acid, p2y12 inhibitors, antithrombotic drugs, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/IAT1RB, and statins were as follows: in 24 hours - 97.6%, 89.5%, 89.1%, 80.2%, 67.9% and 90.6%; and at six months - 89.3%, 53.6%, 0%, 74.4%, 57.6% and 85.4%, respectively. Regarding ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, only 35.9% and 25.3% of the patients underwent primary angioplasty and thrombolysis, respectively, within the recommended times. Conclusion This registry showed high initial prescription rates of antiplatelet drugs, antithrombotic drugs, and statins, and lower prescription rates of beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/IAT1RB. Independently of the class, the use of all drugs decreased by six months. Most patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction did not undergo myocardial reperfusion within the time recommended.

Cardiovascular Disease Worldwide: A Global Challenge

At the beginning of this century, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) showed an epidemiological behavior very similar to those of the great endemics of past centuries and were responsible for high mortality rates worldwide.