Jaime Leppe

Un mayor nivel de actividad física se asocia a una menor prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en Chile: resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2009-2010

BACKGROUND Little is known about the relationship between physical activity (PA) and cardiovascular risk factors in the Chilean population. AIM To investigate the association between different levels and intensities of PA and the prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in Chilean adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data from the National Health Survey 2009-10 including 5157 participants, provided by the Epidemiology Department of the Ministry of Health, was analyzed in this study. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia were determined using international criteria. PA levels were determined using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ v2) and different levels of PA were derived from it (transport-related, moderate and vigorous PA). Quartiles of PA were determined to investigate the association between PA and cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS Twenty three percent of women and 17.1% of men did not meet the PA recommendation (≥ 600 METs.min.week-1). When prevalence of CV risk factors were compared between inactive individuals (< 600 METs.min.week-1) and active individuals (≥ 9500 METs.min.week-1) a significantly lower prevalence of diabetes mellitus (6.2% and 10%), hypertension (18.0% and 12.4%) and metabolic syndrome (8.9% and 12.1%) for women and men, respectively, was found in the active participants. Similar results were found for high versus low transport-related PA. CONCLUSIONS Increasing levels of PA are associated with a significantly lower frequency of cardiovascular risk factors in Chilean adults.

Nivel de actividad física según GPAQ en mujeres embarazadas y postparto que asisten a un centro de salud familiar

Antecedentes: Durante el embarazo y postparto las mujeres disminuyen el nivel de actividad fisica (AF). Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de AF y conducta sedentaria en mujeres embarazadas y postparto. Metodos: Participaron mujeres embarazadas y postparto entre 18 y 40 anos de edad de un Centro de Salud Familiar. La AF y conducta sedentaria se midio utilizando el Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Resultados: Se analizo la informacion de 47 mujeres embarazadas y 12 en postparto. La edad P50=25 anos (rango: 18-40 anos). El 61% presento exceso de peso. El tiempo de AF diaria fue P50=154 (rango: 0-960 min/dia) en embarazadas y P50=190 (rango: 24-411 min/dia) en postparto. La AF en la dimension tiempo libre en embarazadas fue P50=0 (rango: 0-540 min/dia) y P50=3 (rango: 0-86 min/dia) en el grupo de postparto. La conducta sedentaria para todo el grupo fue P50=180 (rango: 0-720 min/dia). El 20,3% de las mujeres clasifica como suficientemente activo segun criterio OMS, al corregir la AF reportada por GPAQ segun IMC y nivel educacional. No hubo asociacion entre las variables edad, estado nutricional, nivel educacional e ingreso familiar con el nivel de AF reportado. Conclusion: La AF de tiempo libre es una dimension susceptible a intervenciones de promocion de la AF. El nivel de AF reportado por el grupo es mayor a resultados de estudios similares en otros paises. Estudios de validacion en esta poblacion son necesarios para determinar la posible sobreestimacion de los resultados por un sesgo de medicion.

SeRUN® study: Development of running profiles using a mixed methods analysis

Objective To determine profiles of urban runners based on socio-demographic, health, motivational, training characteristics and running-related beliefs and behaviours. Methods Mixed, exploratory, sequential study with two stages: 1) quantitative, using an online survey; and 2) qualitative, using semi-structured interviews with runners from the previous stage. Participants were recruited via: running routes commonly attended by runners, eight races, previous databases and social media networks. The survey collected information on six dimensions: (1) socio-demographic; (2) health; (3) motivations; (4) training characteristics; (5) running-related behaviour; and (6) beliefs and perceptions about health. Profiles were identified using a two-step hierarchical clustering analysis. Subsequently, 15 interviews were conducted with participating runners across each of the identified profiles. Qualitative analysis complemented the profiles characterization, explaining motivations to start and continue running, beliefs about risk factors and injury prevention, and the physical therapist’s role in rehabilitation. Statistical analysis from stage one was conducted using SPSS 22 with a confidence level of 5%. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic and content analyses. Results A total of 821 surveys were analysed (46% female), mean aged 36.6±10.0 years. Cluster analysis delineated four profiles (n = 752) according to years of running experience, weekly running volume and hours of weekly training. Profiles were named “Beginner” (n = 163); “Basic” (n = 164); “Middle” (n = 160) and “Advanced” (n = 265). Profiles were statistically different according to sex, age, years of running experience, training characteristics, previous injuries and use of technological devices (p<0.05). There were identified motivations to start and continue running. Beliefs about risk factors vary among stretching, footwear, training surface and overload. Runners identified the physical therapist as a specialist, involved in the rehabilitation process and showing empathy towards the patient. The identification of these profiles allows the generation of future prospective studies and clinical trials to evaluate risk and prognostic factors targeting specific populations of runners, with the ultimate aim of reducing running-related injury.

Running motivations within different populations of Chilean urban runners

Running motivations within different populations of Chilean urban runners M. Besomi , J. Leppe, M. J. Mart ınez, M. I. Enr ıquez, M. V. Mauri-Stecca and P. S. Sizer School of Physical Therapy, Facultad de Medicina, Cl ınica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile; Center for Rehabilitation Research, School of Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA