Jaiza Francisca Ribeiro Chagas

Desenvolvimento inicial de plântulas de Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) Schum. sob influência de sombreamento

The objective of this work was to evaluate the initial growth of sapling of Theobroma grandiflorum (cupuacu), in function of different levels of solar radiation. Fifty days, after the emergency, the saplings were submitted to three levels of shade, being: 0%, 50% and natural shade. Sapling development was carried out in randomized block design with 15 repetitions (15 saplings). The sapling height, lap diameter and the numbers of leaves being evaluated on the 60 st , 82 nd , 103 rd , 124 th , 145 days after sapling emergence. The Dry Mass of the leaves (DML), Dry Mass of the stem (DMS), Dry Mass of the root (DMR) and Dry mass of the plant (DMP), Relation shoot/root (PA/R) and relation plant height/Lap diameter, were measured at the end of the experiment, when the sapling reached the appropriate size to be planted in the field. The initial growth of Theobroma grandiflorum was corroborated with the species standard that occurs inside of the primary bushes, so its development of the parameters evaluated is better in conditions of 50% of shade. The condition of 50% of shade can be recommended for the formation of plants of Theobroma grandiflorum , which had the better performance in plant height, lap diameter, number and allocation of mass in the parts of the plant.

Danos causados por doenças fúngicas no arroz cultivado em várzeas no Sul do Estado do Tocantins

This study aimed to evaluate the damages caused by the fungal diseases in rice production under conditions of lowland at the State of Tocantins. The experimental design was a randomized blocks with four replications, in a factorial scheme of 26 (genotypes of irrigated rice) x 2 (plots treated or untreated with fungicides). The fungicide treatment consisted of three applications, the first one was done 35 days after planting with thiophanate methyl (0.5 L ha-1), the second application was done in the booting stage of rice with trifloxystrobin + propiconazole (0.6 L ha -1) and the third application was done with 5% of panicles issued with trifloxystrobin + propiconazole (0.6 L ha-1) + tebuconazole (0.75 L ha-1). The following evaluations were performed: leaf and panicle blast severity, brown-spot severity, grains spots, 100 seed mass, and productivity. The fungicide treatments decreased around 69% the blast severity on leaves and 54% on panicles of most genotypes. There was not any statistical difference in the treatment with or without fungicide for brown-spot, however there was statistical difference among the genotypes. In plants treated with fungicides there was an increase of 0.52 g (17.6%) in the mass of 100 seeds and 1000 kg ha-1 in the productivity (12.6%). The maximum values obtained in 100 seeds mass and yield were 3.19 g and 9270 kg ha-1, respectively.

Seleção de genótipos de arroz para integrar uma mistura varietal visando o controle da brusone

A brusone, causada por Magnaporthe oryzae (Herbert) Barr é uma das doenças mais importantes na cultura do arroz. Várias estratégias de manejo da doença, como o uso de genótipos resistentes têm sido utilizadas, entretanto, o grande número de raças do patógeno dificulta a obtenção de cultivares com resistência durável. Neste contexto, o uso da mistura varietal pode constituir uma estratégia viável e promissora no controle da doença. Assim, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a reação de cultivares de arroz às raças de M. oryzae e a eficiência da mistura varietal na redução da severidade da brusone em condições Santos, G.R.; Chagas, J.F.R.; Castro Neto, M.D.; Fidelis, R.; Leão, E.U. Seleção de genótipos de arroz para integrar uma mistura varietal visando o controle da brusone. Summa Phytopathologica, v.43, n.4, p.290-296, 2017.