Jalil Azlis-Sani

Strategies for Integrating Quality, Environmental, Safety and Health Management Systems

This paper discusses the strategies for integrating Quality, Environmental, Safety and Health Management Systems based on survey and case studies results. Questionnaires were distributed to 87 companies that certified with both ISO9001 and ISO14001. Meanwhile, three case studies were conducted at the manufacturing companies that have integrated several management systems. There are two ways of integrating the management systems which are: (1) consecutive implementation of management systems followed by integration or (2) integrate the management systems simultaneously from the beginning. Based on survey and case studies, it was found that many organisations started with implementing individual management system first, and then followed by integrating the management systems. Almost all the survey respondents agreed that the sequence should start with establishing Quality Management System first, and then integrate with Environmental Management System and followed by Occupational Health and Safety Management System.

Decision Making of Screw Manufacturing for the Best Environmental and Economic Combination by Using AHP

This study is an approach to investigate the viable impacts of screw manufacturing. At the same time, choose the suitable material and selected manufacturing process of screw by considering environmental aspects without sacrificing the economic aspect. It is important to the organisation to improve the environmental aspect. Therefore in this study, the decision making was focused on economic aspects to produce the synergy results between economic and environmental impact. The parameters involved were types of material and manufacturing process of screw which using the available data of environmental and production volume. The two different manufacturing approaches being evaluated were machining and forging process. The types of material concerned for forging process encompassed low carbon steel, alloy steel stainless steel, and aluminium alloy. On the other hand, for machining process, the material being considered in screw manufacturing were cast iron, low carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel and aluminium alloy. The information of environmental impacts that generated from SolidWorks Sustainability tool and screw production cost were calculate using Manufacturing cost model, both information was used in Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis to obtain local priority of economic and environmental impacts. Then, the ranking of both global and local priorities from economic impact and environmental impacts had enabled the determination of appropriate material used for those selected screw manufacturing process. As result, low carbon steel was chosen for forging process whereas cast iron was excelled in machining process, at the same time, stainless steel was not suggested to be used in both two processes.

Evaluation of Working Posture on Bus Traffic Controllers

This study aimed to evaluate the working posture of bus traffic controllers. The Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) prevalence and the exposure to the ergonomic risks factors (ERFs) among bus traffic controllers were determined. There were 26 respondents (16 male and 10 female) who were bus traffic controllers (BTC) at a prominent bus service provider were selected as the subjects. Data for Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) prevalence among the bus traffic controllers were collected using Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and direct observation and assessment of ergonomic risks factors were conducted via Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA). By using ROSA, the BTCs working posture and work environment were checked and measured in order to quantify the risks to ERFs. According to the assessment, more than half (15/26 respondents) of the bus traffic controllers were found to have an extreme posture with the ergonomic risk level was high (more than 4) (action level 3) which required a further investigation and changes of work habits soon. The research showed that most of the bus traffic controllers (BTC) were exposed to high ergonomics risk for MSDs development. To avoid MSDs, the personal working behaviours and the design of the computer-based workstations must be improved based on ergonomic principles.

Investigation of Source of Distraction among the intrastate bus driver: Focus Group Interview

Driver distraction have found as one of the main cause of accident all around the world. The driver distraction represents a significant problem to the personal transportation as well as the public transportation sector. However, factors of distraction especially in the context of public transport still has not widely explored. Thus, the aim of this research is to investigate the sources of distraction among the intrastate bus driver. This study will undergo focus group interview in order to achieve the objective of this research. 16 participants which are 8 participants from expert management and 8 participants from expert practitioner are involved in the focus group interview. From this research, there are 26 sources of distraction found in the focus group interview that overlap between both focus group. The result from this research can be used as guideline for improvement for the management of the intrastate bus services company and also for the future researcher as an aid to design the solution to overcome the sources of distraction.

Preliminary Investigation of Workload on Intrastate Bus Traffic Controllers

The daily routine of bus traffic controller which involves high mental processes would have a direct impact on the level of workload. To date, the level of workload on the bus traffic controllers in Malaysia is relatively unknown. Excessive workload on bus traffic controllers would affect the control and efficiency of the system. This paper served to study the workload on bus traffic controllers and justify the needs to conduct further detailed research on this field. The objectives of this research are to identify the level of workload on the intrastate bus traffic controllers. Based on the results, recommendations will be proposed for improvements and future studies. The level of workload for the bus traffic controllers is quantified using questionnaire adapted from NASA TLX. Interview sessions were conducted for validation of workload. Sixteen respondents were involved and it was found that the average level of workload based on NASA TLX was 6.91. It was found that workload is not affected by gender and marital status. This study also showed that the level of workload and working experience of bus traffic controllers has a strong positive linear relationship. This study would serve as a guidance and reference related to this field. Since this study is a preliminary investigation, further detailed studies could be conducted to obtain a better comprehension regarding the bus traffic controllers.

Task Analysis Assessment on Intrastate Bus Traffic Controllers

Public transportation acts as social mobility and caters the daily needs of the society for passengers to travel from one place to another. This is true for a country like Malaysia where international trade has been growing significantly over the past few decades. Task analysis assessment was conducted with the consideration of cognitive ergonomic view towards problem related to human factors. Conducting research regarding the task analysis on bus traffic controllers had allowed a better understanding regarding the nature of work and the overall monitoring activities of the bus services. This paper served to study the task analysis assessment on intrastate bus traffic controllers and the objectives of this study include to conduct task analysis assessment on the bus traffic controllers. Task analysis assessment for the bus traffic controllers was developed via Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA). There are a total of five subsidiary tasks on level one and only two were able to be further broken down in level two. Development of HTA allowed a better understanding regarding the work and this could further ease the evaluation of the tasks conducted by the bus traffic controllers. Thus, human error could be reduced for the safety of all passengers and increase the overall efficiency of the system. Besides, it could assist in improving the operation of the bus traffic controllers by modelling or synthesizing the existing tasks if necessary.

Evaluation of Whole Body Vibration and Back Pain Problem among Light Rapid Transit (LRT) Drivers

A cross sectional study was conducted to evaluate whole body vibration (WBV) and back pain problem among light rail transit (LRT) driver. This study was carried out to determine exposure level of whole body vibration and identify back pain problem due to whole body vibration exposure among LRT driver. Standardized Nordic questionnaire was used for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms, to identify the prevalence of back pain, information about health history, working time duration, and working experiences was obtained from 52 drivers of light rail transit (LRT) train. HVM 100 Larson Davis was used to measure whole body vibration measurement of eight LRTs with different vehicle number. The measurement of whole body vibration was done during operation working time. The data collected from HVM 100 were transferred to the Blaze software for getting the vibration magnitude of the experiment while data collected from survey were analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for statistical analysis. The analysis of graph patterns and the differentiation of magnitude value from each LRT were studied to determine the exposure level of vibration. A high prevalence of back pain (82.7%) among LRT drivers was found and high daily exposure level was obtained. The finding showed that, there are relations between back pain and daily vibration exposure which resulted in a correlation coefficient of 0.709, with significant at α = 0.05. In conclusion, it was expected that the individuals subjected to the high vibration levels would tend to report back pain.