James Gall

Rethinking the Computer in Education.

The computer has had a profound impact on our society, yet educators continue to struggle with its influence both inside and outside the classroom. This article recounts pivotal events in the development of the modern computer and its role in education. These events are described not only in terms of their technical importance, but also as influencing our very conception of the “computer.” The author suggests that rather than solely focusing on networked, personal computers, the future of educational technology may lie in the use of specialized, economical computing devices built around open software solutions.

Where is the Design in Instructional Design? The Role of Visual Aesthetics in the Field

Aesthetics is the artistic quality of a design that contributes to an enhanced appreciation or experience. Aesthetics in instructional design refers to mainly visual aspects that contribute to the learning experience. This chapter discusses the marginal role aesthetics has had in the field, provides a theoretical and historical narrative of aesthetics, and suggests an increasing need to integrate aesthetics due to its potential impact on learning. Throughout history, aesthetics has added value to many design fields. Relating visual aesthetics back to its philosophical, artistic, and educational roots can provide a basis for its value to instructional design.