James Hansen

Do China's agricultural policies matter for world commodity markets?

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to quantify the implications of Chinas recently adopted agricultural policies on domestic and international commodity markets. Design/methodology/approach – A systematic, quantitative analysis is applied to address whether Chinas recent trade and production policies distort Chinas domestic and international commodity markets. The paper provides a clear picture of how trade-restricting policies affect markets using a 42-country partial equilibrium global dynamic agricultural simulation model. Findings – The paper shows that recent agricultural policy reforms increase Chinas production slightly, causing imports to decrease while exports decline because of input subsidies, export taxes and the reduction of export value added tax rebates. Domestic prices to consumers decrease in real terms. The effects on world markets are small as the set of policies adopted partially offset each other in the international arena. Research limitations/implications – The paper indicates that the adoption of the policy reforms lower price levels domestically and benefit lower income urban and rural households, whose diets are largely based on rice and wheat as staple foods. Future model enhancements should include measures of producer and consumer welfare in order to capture the total impacts of policies and policy changes in China. Originality/value – The paper quantifies the potential implications of the recent agricultural policy reforms in China. This contributes to the investigation of the effects of these policies implemented by the Chinese Government to achieve the countrys policy objectives. Owing to the dynamics of Chinas policy implementation an in-depth analysis sheds light and contributes to capturing the impacts of policy reforms on the domestic and international markets.

A review of postharvest disinfestation of cut flowers and foliage with special reference to tropicals

Abstract The commerce of floricultural commodities is very important to the economy of the producing locations. To protect the agriculture of consumer countries, import regulations require that the product be free of insects. Successful disinfestation eliminates the pest without damage to the commodity. Current postharvest approaches to disinfestation are hand removal, irradiation, fumigation, insecticidal dips, temperature treatments, and the use of biological control agents. In this review, the advantages, disadvantages and status of each method are discussed with examples provided.