James Kirkley

Characterizing Managerial Skill and Technical Efficiency in a Fishery

Researchers have long recognized that entrepreneurial or managerial skill is a major determinant of productivity or reason why production among firms varies. Yet, except for a few studies, differences in productivity and output levels are usually attributed to plant configuration or scale. More important, there appears to have been few attempts to relate technical efficiency to managerial skill. Utilizing a stochastic production frontier, we examine the relationship between technical efficiency and characteristics of skill such as experience and education in a fishery. Although we can not determine threshold or essential levels of experience and education, substitution possibilities are found to exist between years of experience and education levels. Additional analysis of efficiency for two captains of the same background and experience reveals that additional characteristics need to be considered in the examination of skipper skill or the “good-captain” hypothesis.

Individual transferable quotas in multispecies fisheries

Dale Squires and Samuel F. Herrick, Jr are at the U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, P.O. Box 271, La Jolla, California 92038-0271, USA. Harry Campbell is at the University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia. Stephen Cunningham and Sean Pascoe are at the University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK. Christopher Dewees is at the University of California, Davis, Davis USA. R. Quentin Grafton is at the University of Ottawa, Ottawa Canada. James Kirkley is at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester, VA, USA. Sean Pascoe is also at the Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Canberra, Australia. Kjell Salvanes is at the Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration, Bergen, Norway. Bruce Shallard can be contacted at Bruce Shallard and Associates, New Zealand. Bruce Turris is at the Canada Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Vancouver, Canada. Niels Vestergaard is at the Danish Institute for Fisheries Economics Research, Esbjerg, Denmark.

Individual transferable quotas as a fisheries management tool

Abstract Fisheries management faces a new era. Markets, in the form of individual transferable quotas (ITQs) and growing global integration of fish markets, will increasingly provide the organizing and regulatory principle for many fisheries. Whether ITQs and global markets are a panacea or Pandoras box for organizing and managing fisheries is, as yet, unclear, and requires additional experience to fully evaluate. This article reviews the workings and expected benefits of ITQs, the origin and concept of ITQs, the problems they were designed to address, world‐wide experience and literature on ITQs, and the problems and prospects for ITQ management. Particular attention is given to the growing importance of markets as the primary organizing principle for many fisheries, including the roles of ITQs and increased global integration of fisheries markets.

The status of USA's commercial fisheries and management and crystal-balling the future

Despite the enormity of the commercial fishing industry of the USA, the structure of the industry and various interactions are not known on a national basis. The US public wants seafood, but current domestic production capabilities appear to be inadequate to support the growing demand for seafood. Imports, particularly aquacultured products, are increasing and expected to further increase in the future. Many of the major species have been identified as being overfished or experiencing overfishing. Federal management is moving from single-species to multispecies to ecosystem-based fisheries management. In this paper, we present economic performance trends of US fisheries. We note a trend of declining landings and ex-vessel values between periods reflecting two major management regimes. We also provide an overview of the potential changes in the management regimes or recognition of a very slow adoption of market-based solutions and movements away from command-and-control regulations.