James Moore

Making Cairo modern? Innovation, urban form and the development of suburbia, c . 1880–1922

Cairo has often been seen as a ‘dual city’ divided between a ‘modern’ European city and a historic ‘traditional’ core. This article challenges this view through a historical exploration of suburban Cairo, a subject neglected by mainstream urban historians. A comparative examination of Ismailiyah, Garden City, Zamalek, Maadi, Helwan and Heliopolis illustrates that these suburbs took very different forms and reflected a wide range of historical and contemporary architectural tastes and design perspectives. Not all suburban developments were products of modern technical innovations and by 1922 no suburb had a majority of European residents. The use of the term ‘modern’ to characterize Cairos suburbs therefore has the tendency to privilege western concepts of the modern and obscure the complexities of suburban social and economic development.

Between Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism: The Strange Death of Liberal Alexandria

The history of interwar Alexandria illustrates the difficulties associated with maintaining liberal stability in colonial cosmopolitan societies. While Europeans and those of European descent became closely integrated into the economy and social life of the city, political integration was much more problematic. Despite a tolerant political environment with little local community tension, the separate national customs and institutions that gave the city its unique flavor and character were vulnerable to extremist political exploitation, particularly at a time of international tension and economic contraction. Liberal Alexandria was therefore already dying before the nationalist and socialist policies of the Nasser regime.

Transport and the industrial city: Manchester and the canal age, 1750–1850

Canals have generally received less attention from urban historians than railways, despite their greater importance in the critical first stages of British industrialization. Kelletts Railways and...

WALTER RAUSCHENBUSCH AND THE RELIGIOUS EDUCATION OF YOUTH

Rauschenbusch has often been classed with Jonathan Edwards and Horace Bushnell among the greatest minds in American Protestantism. This essay helps to understand why this is so. Rauschenbusch was a charter member of the Religious Education Association in 1903