James R. Bolton
Calgon Carbon
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Publication
Featured researches published by James R. Bolton.
Water Research | 2001
Stephen A. Craik; Daniela Weldon; Gordon R. Finch; James R. Bolton; Miodrag Belosevic
The effect of ultraviolet radiation from low- and medium-pressure mercury arc lamps on Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts was studied using a collimated beam apparatus. Experiments were conducted using parasites suspended in both filtered surface water and phosphate buffered laboratory water. Inactivation of oocysts was measured as reduction in infectivity using a CD-1 neonatal mouse model and was found to be a non-linear function of UV dose over the range of germicidal doses tested (0.8-119 mJ/cm2). Oocyst inactivation increased rapidly with UV dose at doses less than 25 mJ/cm2 with two and three log-units inactivation at approximately 10 and 25 mJ/cm2, respectively. The cause of significant leveling-off and tailing in the UV inactivation curve at higher doses was not determined. Maximum measured oocyst inactivation ranged from 3.4 to greater than 4.9 log-units and was dependent on different batches of parasites. Water type and temperature, the concentration of oocysts in the suspension, and the UV irradiance did not have significant impacts on oocyst inactivation. When compared on the basis of germicidal UV dose, the oocysts were equally sensitive to low- and medium-pressure UV radiation. With respect to Cryptosporidium, both low- and medium-pressure ultraviolet radiation are attractive alternatives to conventional chemical disinfection methods in drinking water treatment.
Water Research | 2000
Stephen A. Craik; Gordon R. Finch; James R. Bolton; Miodrag Belosevic
The effect of medium pressure ultraviolet radiation on Giardia muris was studied using a collimated beam apparatus with filtered surface water from the Grand River, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada. UV doses ranged from 5 to 83 mJ/cm2 and resulted in 2–3 log-units of reduction in infectivity measured by a C3H/HeN mouse infectivity model. In vitro excystation and nucleic acid staining with Live/Dead BacLight™ greatly underestimated the inactivation of Giardia when compared with animal infectivity. Medium pressure ultraviolet radiation is a potential alternative to conventional chemical disinfection methods.
Water Research | 2000
James R. Bolton
Journal American Water Works Association | 2000
Jennifer L. Clancy; Zia Bukhari; Thomas M. Hargy; James R. Bolton; Bertrand Dussert; Marilyn M. Marshall
Journal American Water Works Association | 1999
Zia Bukhari; Thomas M. Hargy; James R. Bolton; Bertrand Dussert; Jennifer L. Clancy
Archive | 1999
James R. Bolton; R. D. Samuel Stevens; Bertrand Dussert
Archive | 1999
James R. Bolton; R. D. Samuel Stevens
Archive | 2000
James R. Bolton; R. D. Samuel Stevens; Bertrand Dussert
Archive | 2005
James R. Bolton; Bertrand Dussert; R. Stevens
Archive | 1999
James R. Bolton; Bertrand Dussert; R. Stevens