Janet Whatley Blum

Physical Activity Patterns and Maternal Well-Being in Postpartum Women

Objective: To examine changes in activity prepregnancy to postpartum; examine postpartum activity and sociodemographic predictors of maternal well-being; and, examine maternal well-being in subjects on the basis of sport/exercise activity prepregnancy to postpartum. Methods: Ninety-one postpartum women completed a Kaiser Physical Activity Survey (KPAS) Ainsworth BE, Sternfeld B, Richardson MT, Jackson K. Evaluation of the Kaiser Physical Activity Survey in women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32:1327–38. and the Lederman Postpartum Questionnaire (PPQ) Lederman RP, Weingarten CT, Lederman E. Postpartum self-evaluation questionaire: Measures of maternal adaptation. In: Raff BS, Carrol P, editors. Perinatal parental behaviour: Nursing research and implications for newborn health. New York: Alan R. Liss, 1981:201–31. Subjects recalled activity prepregnancy and postpartum for the KPAS indexes that included household/care giving (HC), active living habits (AL), occupation (O), and sports/exercise (SE). The PPQ has seven well-being subscales. Results: Subjects with older infants or no other children increased HC and decreased O prepregnancy to postpartum compared to subjects with younger infants or ≥1 other child. Predictors of the variance in the PPQ subscales included SE and AL (21% in subscale one), SE (6.0% in subscale two), HC (5.3% in subscale three), socioeconomic status (19.7% in subscale four), O (5.0% in subscale five), education (5.2% in subscale seven). Subjects who maintained or increased SE showed better well-being as compared to subjects who reported no SE or decreased SE prepregnancy to postpartum. Conclusions: In this group of women, subjects with older infants or no other children reported higher HC and lower O prepregnancy to postpartum. Postpartum SE, education, and socioeconomic status were predictors of maternal well-being. In general, better maternal well-being was found among subjects maintaining or increasing SE compared to no SE or decreased SE prepregnancy to postpartum. Support from partner/husband, family, and friends were significant factors in maintaining or increasing SE.

Location of Food Stores Near Schools Does Not Predict the Weight Status of Maine High School Students.

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between stores selling calorie-dense food near schools and student obesity risk, with the hypothesis that high availability predicts increased risk. METHODS Mail surveys determined height, weight, and calorie-dense food consumption for 552 students at 11 Maine high schools. Driving distance from all food stores within 2 km (1.24 miles) of schools (or the closest store) was computed, and the impact of food store density and proximity to schools on student body mass index was determined by logistic regression. RESULTS Ten schools had ≥ 1 store selling soda, and 8 schools had ≥1 fast-food restaurant within 1 km (0.62 miles). There were no significant relationships between the proximity or density of food stores around schools and student obesity risk. Students obtained sugar-sweetened beverages in many locations including at school. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Unhealthful food choices are ubiquitous. Consequently, stores selling these food items near schools have no significant affect on student obesity.

Examining compliance with a statewide law banning junk food and beverage marketing in Maine schools.

216  Public Health Reports / March–April 2012 / Volume 127 Policy development is an important and powerful tool to promote health and welfare in society, yet the process of adopting policies is rarely evaluated for compliance, and studies examining policy impact sometimes neglect to verify the extent to which the policy interventions are faithful to the policy’s original intent. Evaluations can lead to critical improvements and improve success in achieving intended goals. In this article, Polacsek et al. present a simple yet elegant evaluation of Maine’s law to limit the marketing of foods of minimal nutritional value in public school settings. Their findings underscore the need to perform such evaluations to inform enforcement efforts and assess impact. Lorna Thorpe, PhD Associate Professor and Director, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program City University of New York School of Public Health at Hunter College, New York, NY