Jayvadan K. Patel

Chitosan Mediated Targeted Drug Delivery System: A Review

Chitosan has prompted the continuous movement for the development of safe and effective drug delivery systems because of its unique physicochemical and biological characteristics. The primary hydroxyl and amine groups located on the backbone of chitosan allow for chemical modification to control its physical properties. When the hydrophobic moiety is conjugated to a chitosan molecule, the resulting amphiphile may form self-assembled nanoparticles that can encapsulate a quantity of drugs and deliver them to a specific site of action. Chemical attachment of the drug to the chitosan throughout the functional linker may produce useful prodrugs, exhibiting the appropriate biological activity at the target site. Mucoadhesive and absorption enhancement properties of chitosan increase the in vivo residence time of the dosage form in the gastrointestinal tract and improve the bioavailability of various drugs. The main objective of this review is to provide an insight into various target-specific carriers, based on chitosan and its derivatives. The first part of the review is concerned with the organ-specific delivery system using chitosan and its derivatives. The subsequent section considers the recent developments of drug delivery carriers for cancer therapy with special focus on various targeting strategies.

Introduction to hyphenated techniques and their applications in pharmacy

The hyphenated technique is developed from the coupling of a separation technique and an on-line spectroscopic detection technology. The remarkable improvements in hyphenated analytical methods over the last two decades have significantly broadened their applications in the analysis of biomaterials, especially natural products. In this article, recent advances in the applications of various hyphenated techniques, e.g., GC-MS, LC-MS, LC-FTIR, LC-NMR, CE-MS, etc. in the context of pre-isolation analyses of crude extracts or fraction from various natural sources, isolation and on-line detection of natural products, chemotaxonomic studies, chemical fingerprinting, quality control of herbal products, dereplication of natural products, and metabolomic studies are discussed with appropriate examples.

Review ArticleIntroduction to hyphenated techniques and their applications in pharmacy

The hyphenated technique is developed from the coupling of a separation technique and an on-line spectroscopic detection technology. The remarkable improvements in hyphenated analytical methods over the last two decades have significantly broadened their applications in the analysis of biomaterials, especially natural products. In this article, recent advances in the applications of various hyphenated techniques, e.g., GCMS, LC-MS, LC-FTIR, LC-NMR, CE-MS, etc. in the context of pre-isolation analyses of crude extracts or fraction from various natural sources, isolation and on-line detection of natural products, chemotaxonomic studies, chemical fingerprinting, quality control of herbal products, dereplication of natural products, and metabolomic studies are discussed with appropriate examples.

A validated method for development of atovaquone as API and tablet dosage forms by UV spectroscopy

A simple new spectrophotometric method has been developed for estimation of Atovaquone in bulk and tablet dosage form. Atovaquone is estimated to be 251 nm in methanol. The Beers law is obeyed in the concentration range of 1–10 μg/mL of the drug. The slope and intercept values are 0.111 and 0.012, respectively. Results of analysis of this method have been validated statically and by recovery studies. The method is applied to the marketed tablet formulation. A result of the analysis of tablet formulation, given as a percentage of label claim ± standard deviation, is 99.14 ± 0.66. The precision and accuracy has been examined by performing recovery studies and found to be 100.09 ± 1.14. The developed method is simple, sensitive, and reproducible, and can be used for the routine analysis of Atovaquone in bulk and tablet dosage form.

Short CommunicationA validated method for development of atovaquone as API and tablet dosage forms by UV spectroscopy

A simple new spectrophotometric method has been developed for estimation of Atovaquone in bulk and tablet dosage form. Atovaquone is estimated to be 251 nm in methanol. The Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range of 1–10 μg/mL of the drug. The slope and intercept values are 0.111 and 0.012, respectively. Results of analysis of this method have been validated statically and by recovery studies. The method is applied to the marketed tablet formulation. A result of the analysis of tablet formulation, given as a percentage of label claim ± standard deviation, is 99.14 ± 0.66. The precision and accuracy has been examined by performing recovery studies and found to be 100.09 ± 1.14. The developed method is simple, sensitive, and reproducible, and can be used for the routine analysis of Atovaquone in bulk and tablet dosage form. Key words: Atovaquone, methanol, pharmaceutical preparation, UV Spectrophotometnric method.