Jean-Marie Jaspard

Signification psychologique d'une lecture «fondamentaliste» de la Bible

Larticle met en garde contre lattribution massive de letiquette «fondamentaliste» et esquisse le profil psychologique de la tendance religieuse au fondamentalisme. Linterpretation de la Bible par le croyant et le non-croyant peut aller de la position litterale («fondamentaliste») a la position ouverte (comprehension «symbolique»). Lanalyse psychologique de ces diverses attitudes met en evidence plusieurs parametres, comme le besoin dappuyer sa foi sur des realites reconnues historiquement et sur une logique relationnelle et conventionnelle, autant que rationnelle. Lacces a la comprehension symbolique depend dun environnement culturel et religieux stimulant lautonomie ; le maintien dune position «fondamentaliste» releve de facteurs personnels, de leducation et du groupe social.

[Religious Integration of the Experience of Suffering - a Psychological Approach]

The research presented in this article aims to shed light on the link between the religious orientation on the one hand and, on the other hand, the articulation by an individual of his existential experience, his religious representations and his attitude of faith or non-faith. ; The choosen existential experience is suffering, and the sample is 80 hospital- attendants, afterwards distributed in six subgroups according to six types of religious orientation. ; Results show clearly that experience of suffering meets a religious answer specifie to each type of religious orientation. The interpretation tries to find the specifie logic which determines the various ways of integrating the existential experience with the dynamic process offaith or of religious doubt.