Jean-Yves Authier

‘Draw me your neighbourhood’: a gentrified Paris neighbourhood through its children's eyes

This article aims to contribute to the international research on the relationship between the child and the city, based on drawings and interviews collected from 4th grade children in a socially mixed gentrified neighbourhood of Paris. Its ambition is to reflect on the methodological contribution of drawings to analyse the childrens representation of the neighbourhood. In doing so, the article also presents the principal facets of a gentrified Parisian district as perceived by the children themselves, by studying to what extent childrens gender and diverse social backgrounds impact their neighbourhood representations and experiences.

Le Goût des Autres: Gentrification Told by Children

If the gentrification literature has considerably expanded in recent decades, few works have attempted to understand the relationship between the ‘gentrifying’ households of the middle classes and the ‘gentrified’ households of the working classes, as seen through the eyes of the children. However, in many cases, gentrification involves families and children are then actively involved residential co-existence. This is the issue at the heart of this article: to examine the experiences of social diversity of children from different social backgrounds aged 9 to 11, living in a gentrified neighbourhood in Paris. This is done by investigating successively their representations of and activities within the neighbourhood, their usage of a public space which occupies a key position (the local park) and their sociability. On the basis of these analyses, it is shown how, within this gentrified neighbourhood, the children ‘play’ with social diversity.

Variações sobre um tema: maneiras de viver das crianças que residem em bairros gentrificados em Paris, Londres e San Francisco

Se as relacoes dos adultos com o bairro estao relativamente bem estudadas pela literatura sobre a gentrificacao, nao se pode dizer o mesmo a respeito das criancas que, no entanto, constituem uma populacao muito visivel de numerosos bairros gentrificados. Contribuindo para preencher esta lacuna, este artigo analisa as representacoes, as praticas e as sociabilidades de criancas com idade entre 9 e 11 anos em tres bairros gentrificados de Paris, Londres e Sao Francisco. As analises apresentadas estabelecem que os bairros gentrificados (quando colocam familias em jogo) sao lugares plenamente habitados pelas criancas, que praticam mais a “mistura social” do que seus pais e, de modo mais amplo, do que os adultos que residem nesses bairros. Ao mesmo tempo, o artigo mostra que as maneiras de habitar das criancas nos bairros gentrificados sao perpassadas por fortes diferenciacoes, que derivam em parte dos contextos em que residem e, em parte, das caracteristicas sociais das criancas (meio social, sexo, idade, posicao em relacao aos irmaos/irmas...).

A mistura social nos bairros gentrificados: uma brincadeira de criança?

O artigo trata da questao da mistura social nos bairros gentrificados. Para tanto toma como campo empirico a observacao de criancas com idade entre 9 e 11 anos, moradoras da cidade de Paris, Franca. O trabalho discute a mescla das criancas nos processos de socializacao, e analisa os efeitos de classe social e do espaco neste processo. As conclusoes indicam que as sociabilidades das criancas, no bairro investigado, sao ao mesmo tempo mais numerosas e mais abertas socialmente que aquelas de seus pais e do que as dos adultos dos bairros gentrificados em geral.

Exposer ses enfants à la mixité. Discours et pratiques des parents de classes moyennes-supérieures dans deux quartiers gentrifiés de Paris et San Francisco

Les quartiers gentrifies sont des territoires particulierement pertinents pour analyser le rapport des classes moyennes-superieures a la mixite. Les recherches s’y interessant concluent generalement a un faible melange de ces populations avec les categories populaires. Rares, cependant, sont les etudes portant specifiquement sur la maniere dont les familles des classes moyennes-superieures habitant ces quartiers construisent le rapport a la mixite de leurs enfants non seulement par leurs choix scolaires mais aussi dans les differents espaces du quartier et de la ville. C’est precisement l’objet de cet article, qui s’appuie sur des entretiens realises avec des parents des classes moyennes-superieures habitant deux quartiers gentrifies de Paris et de San Francisco. Les auteurs mettent en evidence la diversite du sens et de la place que les parents accordent, dans leurs discours, a la mixite pour leurs enfants. L’analyse de leurs pratiques montre ensuite les manieres dont ils modulent les lieux dans lesquels ils jugent acceptable ou desirable de confronter leurs enfants a la mixite. Il apparait ainsi que ces parents des classes moyennes-superieures ne cherchent pas tous a maintenir leurs enfants dans un entre-soi : leurs discours et leurs pratiques attestent, au contraire, de la diversite et de la complexite de leurs rapports a la mixite – qui se combinent parfois avec des logiques de reproduction sociale. Pour finir, sont identifies plusieurs elements qui structurent les rapports a la mixite des parents et expliquent leur importante differenciation.