Jeff Allen

Segmenting Local Residents By Their Attitudes, Interests, and Opinions Toward Tourism

The present study was designed to assess and segment local residents with respect to their attitudes, interests, and opinions toward tourism. An analysis of AIO data from a mail survey of 415 Florida residents uncoveredfive clusters of differing degrees of attitudes toward the states tourism efforts. A strong anti-tourism, anti-growth segment in the state seems to indicate that state government should devote a portion of the states tourism promotion efforts toward enlightening the residents regarding the positive multiplier effects of tourism. Additionally, some recommendations are discussed that could encourage this effort.

Perceived environmental turbulence and its effect on selected entrepreneurship, marketing, and organizational characteristics in industrial firms

Entrepreneurship and marketing are approached as proactive corporate responses to an increasingly dynamic, threatening, and complex external environment. Both represent organizational orientations built around creativity, innovativeness, flexibility, and risk-taking. A conceptual model is proposed relating the levels of entrepreneurship, marketing activity, and marketing-related structure of a firm to the degree of perceived environmental turbulence confronting the firm. Results of a survey involving personal interviews with managers in 93 firms representing six industries are reported. Turbulence is found to have a significant causal impact on both the levels of entrepreneurship and the marketing orientation of the firm, but not on structural variables.

Individualism and the Modern Corporation: Implications for Innovation and Entrepreneurship

The extent to which entrepreneurship in established firms is the result of a more individualistic versus collectivistic culture is explored. Hypotheses are tested in which it is proposed that a curvilinear relationship exists between individualism-collectivism and corporate entrepreneurship. Findings are reported from a survey completed separately by three functional area managers in each of eighty-four industrial firms. The results support the hypotheses, such that entrepreneurship is highest under conditions of balanced individualism-collectivism, and declines in highly individualistic and more collectivistic environments.

The Ethical Context of Entrepreneurship: Proposing and Testing a Developmental Framework

The aim of this study is to increase our understanding of the ethical climate of entrepreneurial firms as they grow and develop. A developmental framework is introduced to describe the formal and informal ethical structures that emerge in entrepreneurial firms over time. Factors influencing where firms are within the developmental framework are posited, including the entrepreneurs psychological profile, lifecycle stage of the business, and descriptive characteristics of the venture. It is also proposed that the implementation of ethical structures will impact perceptions of the clarity and adequacy of the ethical standards of the firm and the firms preparedness to deal with ethical challenges as they arise. Results are reported of a cross-sectional survey of small firms at different stages of development. The findings indicate the existence of four distinct clusters of firms based on their formal and informal ethical structures: Superlatives, Core Proponents, Pain and Gain, and Deficients. Evidence is also provided of statistically significant relationships between the proposed antecedent and outcome variables. Implications are drawn from the results, and priorities are established for future research.

Antecedents and Outcomes of Entrepreneurial and Market Orientations in a Non-profit Context: Theoretical and Empirical Insights

While heavily emphasized within for-profit organizations, little is understood regarding the role of entrepreneurial leadership in the development, growth, and sustainability of non-profit enterprises. The fundamental logic of entrepreneurship is less apparent in this context given the social mission and multiple stakeholders involved. Building on findings regarding entrepreneurial orientation (EO) within for-profit organizations, a model of antecedents, correlates, and outcomes of entrepreneurship in non-profits is developed and tested. Emphasis is placed on the relationship between EO and the market orientation (MO) of the non-profit. The findings demonstrate that entrepreneurship has a legitimate role in non-profits, and the work climate can be designed to affect levels of entrepreneurship. Further, EO is associated with aspects of market orientation, but not with financial performance. Implications are drawn for theory and practice.

Blunt popliteal artery injury : Is physical examination alone enough for evaluation?

Failure to recognize popliteal artery injury and restore vessel continuity of flow after blunt trauma is a major cause of lower-extremity amputation and morbidity. A high index of suspicion and early recognition of the injury are paramount for limb salvage, especially with posterior knee dislocation. Traditionally, arteriography has been the test most widely used to ensure an expedient diagnosis and institution of appropriate treatment. More recently, some authors have tried to move away from routine arteriography and rely on physical examination alone without arterial evaluation to guide them on their course of treatment. Based on our experience, the presence of arterial pulses after blunt trauma and dislocation of the knee is not an absolutely reliable indicator to exclude an arterial injury. The high morbidity of a missed popliteal artery injury mandates arterial evaluation of the popliteal artery either by arteriography or ultrasonography. A patient is presented with multiple injuries including a posterior knee dislocation. He had completely normal lower-extremity pulses on initial examination and at the time of discharge, but was required to have emergency reoperation with a ruptured popliteal artery pseudoaneurysm 5 weeks later.

Assessing some determinant effects of ethical consulting behavior: The case of personal and professional values

A random sample of 207 national business consultants is employed to test the effects of individual values and professional ethics on consulting behavior. The results suggest that the individual values held by consultants are positively correlated with professional ethics, but are negatively correlated with consulting behavior. Moreover, there appears to be no significant relationship between the professional ethics of consultants and business consulting behavior. Findings and issues regarding the effectiveness of codes of ethics and implications for both the provider and recipient of professional consulting services are discussed.

Academic Integrity: Behaviors, Rates, and Attitudes of Business Students toward Cheating

A sample of 1,063 students who were enrolled in an undergraduate marketing course at a large Southeastern university was employed to examine the effects of perceived and admitted cheating behavior on four dimensions of academic integrity and to compare self-report measures of cheating with simulated behavior. Scales representing ways and means to curb cheating, moralistic attitudes toward cheating, cheating locale, and impact on students were developed and tested. Results of MANOVAs suggest that both perceived and admitted cheating behaviors affect the attitudes and opinions of students along these dimensions. A comparison of self-reports with simulated behaviors suggest that self-reports tend to underestimate current rates and that cheating rates are behavior specific. Research and educational implications of the studys results are discussed.

Searching for Excellence in Marketing Education: The Relationship between Service Quality and Three Outcome Variables

This study examines the influence of perceived service quality of the M.B.A. programs of two institutions on the recommendation, donation, and identification behaviors of graduate students and current alumni. Research and educational implications for the development of more effective marketing graduate business programs are explored.

Materials Recycling and Reverse Channel Networks: The Public Policy Challenge

Waste is an unavoidable by-product of resource-conversion processes in our economic system. Materials recycling as part of a resource recovery program supporting sustainable development is proposed to help manage this waste. A typology of reverse channel networks for recyclable materials is presented, and public policy initiatives that affect the development of these channels are discussed.