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Dive into the research topics where Jelena Šarac is active.

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Featured researches published by Jelena Šarac.


Journals of Gerontology Series A-biological Sciences and Medical Sciences | 2014

Glycans Are a Novel Biomarker of Chronological and Biological Ages

Jasminka Krištić; Frano Vučković; Cristina Menni; Lucija Klarić; Toma Keser; Ivona Bečeheli; Maja Pučić-Baković; Mislav Novokmet; Massimo Mangino; Kujtim Thaqi; Pavao Rudan; Natalija Novokmet; Jelena Šarac; Saša Missoni; Ivana Kolcic; Ozren Polasek; Igor Rudan; Harry Campbell; Caroline Hayward; Yurii S. Aulchenko; Ana M. Valdes; James F. Wilson; Olga Gornik; Dragan Primorac; Vlatka Zoldoš; Tim D. Spector; Gordan Lauc

Fine structural details of glycans attached to the conserved N-glycosylation site significantly not only affect function of individual immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecules but also mediate inflammation at the systemic level. By analyzing IgG glycosylation in 5,117 individuals from four European populations, we have revealed very complex patterns of changes in IgG glycosylation with age. Several IgG glycans (including FA2B, FA2G2, and FA2BG2) changed considerably with age and the combination of these three glycans can explain up to 58% of variance in chronological age, significantly more than other markers of biological age like telomere lengths. The remaining variance in these glycans strongly correlated with physiological parameters associated with biological age. Thus, IgG glycosylation appears to be closely linked with both chronological and biological ages. Considering the important role of IgG glycans in inflammation, and because the observed changes with age promote inflammation, changes in IgG glycosylation also seem to represent a factor contributing to aging. Significance Statement Glycosylation is the key posttranslational mechanism that regulates function of immunoglobulins, with multiple systemic repercussions to the immune system. Our study of IgG glycosylation in 5,117 individuals from four European populations has revealed very extensive and complex changes in IgG glycosylation with age. The combined index composed of only three glycans explained up to 58% of variance in age, considerably more than other biomarkers of age like telomere lengths. The remaining variance in these glycans strongly correlated with physiological parameters associated with biological age; thus, IgG glycosylation appears to be closely linked with both chronological and biological ages. The ability to measure human biological aging using molecular profiling has practical applications for diverse fields such as disease prevention and treatment, or forensics.


European Journal of Human Genetics | 2015

The phylogenetic and geographic structure of Y-chromosome haplogroup R1a

Peter A. Underhill; G. David Poznik; Siiri Rootsi; Mari Järve; Alice A. Lin; Jianbin Wang; Ben Passarelli; Jad N. Kanbar; Natalie M. Myres; Roy King; Julie Di Cristofaro; Hovhannes Sahakyan; Doron M. Behar; Alena Kushniarevich; Jelena Šarac; Tena Šarić; Pavao Rudan; Ajai Kumar Pathak; Gyaneshwer Chaubey; Viola Grugni; Ornella Semino; Levon Yepiskoposyan; Ardeshir Bahmanimehr; Shirin Farjadian; Oleg Balanovsky; Elza Khusnutdinova; Rene J. Herrera; Jacques Chiaroni; Carlos Bustamante; Stephen R. Quake

R1a-M420 is one of the most widely spread Y-chromosome haplogroups; however, its substructure within Europe and Asia has remained poorly characterized. Using a panel of 16 244 male subjects from 126 populations sampled across Eurasia, we identified 2923 R1a-M420 Y-chromosomes and analyzed them to a highly granular phylogeographic resolution. Whole Y-chromosome sequence analysis of eight R1a and five R1b individuals suggests a divergence time of ∼25 000 (95% CI: 21 300–29 000) years ago and a coalescence time within R1a-M417 of ∼5800 (95% CI: 4800–6800) years. The spatial frequency distributions of R1a sub-haplogroups conclusively indicate two major groups, one found primarily in Europe and the other confined to Central and South Asia. Beyond the major European versus Asian dichotomy, we describe several younger sub-haplogroups. Based on spatial distributions and diversity patterns within the R1a-M420 clade, particularly rare basal branches detected primarily within Iran and eastern Turkey, we conclude that the initial episodes of haplogroup R1a diversification likely occurred in the vicinity of present-day Iran.


Annals of Human Biology | 2012

Influence of evolutionary forces and demographic processes on the genetic structure of three Croatian populations: A maternal perspective

Jelena Šarac; Tena Šarić; Nina Jeran; Dubravka Havaš Auguštin; Ene Metspalu; Nenad Vekarić; Saša Missoni; Richard Villems; Pavao Rudan

Background: Many Croatian islands are examples of genetic isolates, with low level of heterozygosity and high level of inbreeding, due to practice of endogamy. Aim: The aim was to study the genetic structure of two insular and one mainland population through high-resolution phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Subjects and methods: MtDNA polymorphisms were explored in 300 unrelated individuals from Mljet, Lastovo and the coastal city of Dubrovnik, based on SNP polymorphisms. Results: All mtDNA haplogroups found in the sample were of typical European origin. However, the frequency distribution of their subclades differed significantly from other Croatian and European populations. MtDNA haplotype analysis revealed only two possible founder lineages on Mljet and six on Lastovo, accounting for almost half of the sample on both islands. The island of Mljet also has the lowest reported haplotype and nucleotide diversity among Croatian isolates and the island of Lastovo, a new sublineage of a usually quite rare U1b clade. Conclusion: The results can be explained by the effect evolutionary forces have on genetic structure, which is in line with the specific demographic histories of the islands. An additional research value of these two island isolates is the appearance of certain Mendelian disorders, highlighting their importance in epidemiological studies.


Scientific Reports | 2017

Origin and spread of human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup U7

Hovhannes Sahakyan; Baharak Hooshiar Kashani; Rakesh Tamang; Alena Kushniarevich; Amirtharaj Francis; Marta D. Costa; Ajai Kumar Pathak; Zaruhi Khachatryan; Indu Sharma; Mannis van Oven; Jüri Parik; Hrant Hovhannisyan; Ene Metspalu; Erwan Pennarun; Monika Karmin; Erika Tamm; Kristiina Tambets; Ardeshir Bahmanimehr; Tuuli Reisberg; Maere Reidla; Alessandro Achilli; Anna Olivieri; Francesca Gandini; Ugo A. Perego; Nadia Al-Zahery; Massoud Houshmand; Mohammad Hossein Sanati; Pedro Soares; Ekta Rai; Jelena Šarac

Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup U is among the initial maternal founders in Southwest Asia and Europe and one that best indicates matrilineal genetic continuity between late Pleistocene hunter-gatherer groups and present-day populations of Europe. While most haplogroup U subclades are older than 30 thousand years, the comparatively recent coalescence time of the extant variation of haplogroup U7 (~16–19 thousand years ago) suggests that its current distribution is the consequence of more recent dispersal events, despite its wide geographical range across Europe, the Near East and South Asia. Here we report 267 new U7 mitogenomes that – analysed alongside 100 published ones – enable us to discern at least two distinct temporal phases of dispersal, both of which most likely emanated from the Near East. The earlier one began prior to the Holocene (~11.5 thousand years ago) towards South Asia, while the later dispersal took place more recently towards Mediterranean Europe during the Neolithic (~8 thousand years ago). These findings imply that the carriers of haplogroup U7 spread to South Asia and Europe before the suggested Bronze Age expansion of Indo-European languages from the Pontic-Caspian Steppe region.


American Journal of Human Biology | 2016

Genetic heritage of Croatians in the Southeastern European gene pool—Y chromosome analysis of the Croatian continental and Island population

Jelena Šarac; Tena Šarić; Dubravka Havaš Auguštin; Natalija Novokmet; Nenad Vekarić; Mate Mustać; Blaženka Grahovac; Miljenko Kapović; Branimir Nevajda; Anton Glasnović; Saša Missoni; Siiri Rootsi; Pavao Rudan

The research objective of this study is to enlarge and deepen the Y chromosome research on the Croatian population and enable additional insights into the population diversity and historic events that shaped the current genetic landscape of Croatia and Southeastern Europe (SEE).


Nutrients | 2018

Branched-Chain Amino Acid Database Integrated in MEDIPAD Software as a Tool for Nutritional Investigation of Mediterranean Populations

Sara Haydar; Thomas Paillot; Christophe Fagot; Yannick Cogne; Athanasios Fountas; Yildiz Tutuncu; Madalina Vintila; Agathocles Tsatsoulis; Pham Thanh Chi; Patrick Garandeau; Dan Chetea; Corin Badiu; Monica Livia Gheorghiu; Dorina Ylli; Corinne Lautier; Morana Jarec; Louis Monnier; Christophe Normand; Jelena Šarac; Abdelhamid Barakat; Saša Missoni; Michel Pugeat; Patrick Poucheret; Felicia Hanzu; Ramon Gomis; Josep Macias; Serghey Litvinov; Elza Khusnutdinova; Catalina Poiana; Renato Pasquali

Branched-chained amino acids (BCAA) are essential dietary components for humans and can act as potential biomarkers for diabetes development. To efficiently estimate dietary intake, we developed a BCAA database for 1331 food items found in the French Centre d’Information sur la Qualité des Aliments (CIQUAL) food table by compiling BCAA content from international tables, published measurements, or by food similarity as well as by calculating 267 items from Greek, Turkish, Romanian, and Moroccan mixed dishes. The database embedded in MEDIPAD software capable of registering 24 h of dietary recalls (24HDR) with clinical and genetic data was evaluated based on archived 24HDR of the Saint Pierre Institute (France) from 2957 subjects, which indicated a BCAA content up to 4.2 g/100 g of food and differences among normal weight and obese subjects across BCAA quartiles. We also evaluated the database of 119 interviews of Romanians, Turkish and Albanians in Greece (27–65 years) during the MEDIGENE program, which indicated mean BCAA intake of 13.84 and 12.91 g/day in males and females, respectively, comparable to other studies. The MEDIPAD is user-friendly, multilingual, and secure software and with the BCAA database is suitable for conducting nutritional assessment in the Mediterranean area with particular facilities for food administration.


Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine | 2016

Changes in adipose tissue distribution during pregnancy estimated by ultrasonography.

Alen Šelović; Jelena Šarac; Saša Missoni

Abstract Objectives: To investigate changes in adipose tissue distribution using ultrasonography of the subcutaneous and preperitoneal adipose tissue during pregnancy. Methods: The sample included 400 pregnant women. The research was prospective and statistically designed as a controlled observation using a random sampling method. The adipose tissue was estimated by ultrasonography, five times during the pregnancy. The minimal thickness of the subcutaneous (Smin) and maximal thickness of the preperitoneal (Pmax) was obtained using the Suzuki method. Analysis of variance and the Bonferroni post hoc test for multiple comparisons were calculated. Results: Smin values have a decreasing trend, while Pmax values have an increasing trend, independent of the body mass index. No statistically significant differences in Smin and Pmax have been noted for the observed week intervals until the 20th pregnanacy week. Smin values for the week intervals 12 and 16, as well as for the Pmax week intervals 12, 16, and 20, were statistically significantly different when compared with the values obtained for the week intervals 32 and 37 (p < 0.05). No difference has been observed between nulliparous and multiparous pregnancies. Conclusion: The adipose tissue distribution during pregnancy shows a tendency towards a decreased accumulation of subcutaneous and increased accumulation of preperitoneal adipose tissue.


Annals of Human Genetics | 2014

Maternal Genetic Heritage of Southeastern Europe Reveals a New Croatian Isolate and a Novel, Local Sub‐Branching in the X2 Haplogroup

Jelena Šarac; Tena Šarić; Dubravka Havaš Auguštin; Nina Jeran; Lejla Kovačević; Svjetlana Cvjetan; Ana Perinić Lewis; Ene Metspalu; Maere Reidla; Natalija Novokmet; Maruška Vidovič; Branimir Nevajda; Anton Glasnović; Damir Marjanović; Saša Missoni; Richard Villems; Pavao Rudan


Collegium Antropologicum | 2012

Metabolic Syndrome among the Inhabitants of the Island of Cres

Milena Kabalin; Jelena Šarac; Tena Šarić; Miljenko Kapović


Collegium Antropologicum | 2012

Maternal Genetic Legacy of the Eastern Adriatic Island of Krk - An Interplay of Evolutionary Forces and Island's Historical Events in Shaping the Genetic Structure of Contemporary Island Population

Dubravka Havaš Auguštin; Nina Jeran; Jelena Šarac; Tena Šarić; Ene Metspalu; Tuuli Reisberg; Anita Sujoldžić; Richard Villems; Pavao Rudan

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Saša Missoni

Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek

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Pavao Rudan

Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts

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Joško Sindik

Russian Academy of Sciences

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Richard Villems

Laboratory of Molecular Biology

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Ana Perinić Lewis

Russian Academy of Sciences

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