Jesuk Ko

Towards automated road information framework a case study of Tanzania

Abstract Traffic congestion problem has been noticed to have a serious impact on the economy of the country in terms of time wastage, energy consumption costs, human loss and environmental effects. Different strategies have been used so far all over the world as shown in the literature review. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is a multi-technology approach that can help to handle the issues and create a complete congestion reduction framework. This paper presents a case study for implementing automated road management system using networks in Tanzania, where three cities highly affected by traffic congestion have been studied. Study results show that these cities have not yet implemented new technologies in road traffic management; instead the traffic is controlled using traffic police officers and traffic lights only. The traffic lights use an old technology that cannot manage traffic in relation to the real-time situations. This study proposes components for a framework, which will assist automation in road traffic management. From the review of various existing ITS of which Advanced Traffic Management System (ATMS) and Advanced Travel Information System (ATIS) are subsystems, we have identified the possibility to integrate the two sub-systems within the framework. Three-phase traffic theory has been referred, FOTO and ASDA models are applied to the automatic recognition and tracking of congested spatiotemporal traffic patterns on roads.

Task-Based Ontology of Problem Solving Adapters for Developing Intelligent Systems

In this paper we describe Task-Based Problem Solving Adapters (TPSAs) for modeling a human solution (through activity-centered analysis) to a software solution (in form of computer-based artifact). TPSAs are derived from the problem solving pattern or consistent problem solving structures/strategies employed by practitioners while designing solutions to complex problems. The adapters developed by us lead toward human-centeredness in their design and underpinning that help us to address the pragmatic task constraints through a range of technologies like neural networks, fuzzy logic, and genetic algorithms. We also outline an example of applying the TPSAs to develop a working system for assisting sales engineers of an electrical manufacturing firm in preparing indent and monitoring the status of orders in the company.

TOWARDS A FRAMEWORK FOR ACCESSING AGRICULTURAL MARKET INFORMATION

Making markets work for the poor in rural communities involves different stakeholders. Management, development partners, private sector and NGOs are accustomed to ensure enabling infrastructure is provided. Access to markets requires good transport and low transaction cost accompanied with recent market information. To provide market information to rural community, stakeholders may initiate the program by providing funds and finding the means of ensuring the sustainability of the program. Delivering market information requires established ICT infrastructure and capable staffing. Thus, a framework to access agricultural market information requires management to provide infrastructure and funding, and also to ensure rural areas are equipped with the technology.

Towards automated road information framework - A case study of Tanzania

Traffic congestion problem has been noticed to have a serious impact on the economy of the country in terms of time wastage, energy consumption costs, human loss and environmental effects. Different strategies have been used so far all over the world as shown in the literature review. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is a multi-technology approach that can help to handle the issues and create a complete congestion reduction framework. This paper presents a case study for implementing automated road management system using networks in Tanzania, where three cities highly affected by traffic congestion have been studied. Study results show that these cities have not yet implemented new technologies in road traffic management; instead the traffic is controlled using traffic police officers and traffic lights only. The traffic lights use an old technology that cannot manage traffic in relation to the real-time situations. This study proposes components for a framework which will assist automation in road traffic management. From the review of various existing ITS of which Advanced Traffic Management System (ATMS) and Advanced Travel Information System (ATIS) are subsystems, we have identified the possibility to integrate the two subsystems within the framework.

A web service approach for integrating e-Health Data in a low bandwidth environment

This paper describes a batch algorithm for integrating heterogeneous e-Health data using Web Service Model in a low bandwidth environment. The focus is on the problem of higher volume of data stored in relational databases and the integration architecture with uncertain schema. In specific the paper presents a batch algorithm for efficient integration and management of heterogeneous health records in an environment with higher network disconnection. The web service application for implementation was developed using Visual Basic .NET. The validation and test cases of the software was done using Demographical Surveillance data sets as well as baseline census data for sample vital registration with verbal autopsy. The result indicates that the proposed algorithm is capable of transferring data in a network with higher disconnection. The analysis of the execution time among four configured relational databases indicates that time taken to transfer data between MySQL engine and SQL server engine is shorter compared to other relation databases under the test. In addition, the architecture and the embedded algorithm may be useful for integrating e-Health records from different research group so that scientists can access them at a single point.

The Integrated Model for e-Health Data Collection and Sharing under Distributed Environments in Tanzania

paper reports on a research aimed at developing an electronic data collection and integration tool for heterogeneous data. The article reports on modeling of a generic tool for collecting e-Health data using relational database. It also explores a methodology of collecting Verbal Autopsy data using Mobile devices. The V-Model approach was deployed in developing the Dynamic Link Library. The document engineering approach was adopted to analyze both the property and conceptual model of the information context of the forms. The skipping pattern algorithm was developed and sixteen mapping controls were designed to handle any data format in the Dynamic link library. The model was prototyped using Verbal Autopsy forms. The model is found to be useful in collecting e-Health data using mobile devices. The design of the Dynamic Link Library was loosely coupled to allow adaptation to others digital data collection in biomedical field. In addition, sixteen control classes in the Dynamic Link Library were able to handle more than 250 variables in a Verbal Autopsy form.

Double Entry Data Capture as an Alternative Solution for Quality of E-Health Records

This paper discusses the techniques designed for verification of data quality in a double entry system as a part of e-health data integration. The module discussed is the subsystem of the proposed integration architecture for data sharing in a low bandwidth environment. Our algorithm encompasses methods for cleaning databases containing dirty information about household survey as well as verification of the statistical data of the household. The algorithm was applied on the double entry system for Sample Vital Registration with Verbal Autopsy and found to be generic enough to be adopted in other similar surveys which use paper work.

Improving data collection and integration of electronic healthcare records in Tanzania

This study aims at developing a framework for collecting electronic data in health research institutions and integrating heterogeneous data using web service technology. The article reports on modeling of a generic tool for collecting eHealth data with relational database in a low bandwidth environment. It also explores critical factors that are associated with the process of electronic data collection, and inter-organization data integration and sharing. After all, the proposed system is capable of synchronizing data from the point of care to the central database.

A methodology for data collection and integration of e-Health records: A case study of Ifakara Health Institute in Tanzania

This research aims at developing an electronic data collection and integration tool for heterogeneous data in a low bandwidth environment. The article reports on modeling of a generic tool for collecting e-Health data using relational database. It also explores methodology of collecting Verbal Autopsy (VA) data using Mobile devices. The V-Model approach was deployed in developing the DLL. The document engineering approach was adopted to analyze both the property and conceptual model of the information context of the forms. The skipping pattern algorithm was developed and fifteen mapping controls were designed to handle any data format in the DLL. The model was prototyped using Verbal Autopsy forms. The model is found to be useful in collecting e-health data using mobile devices. The design of the DLL is loosely coupled to allow adaptation to digital data collection in biomedical field. In addition, five control classes in the DLL were able to handle more than 250 variables in a VA form.

An Application of Human-Centered Multimedia System for Medical Implementation

Multimedia interpretation describes a high level of abstraction of multimedia content like interrelations and coherencies. In this paper, we describe a multimedia interpretation component from human-centered perspective. In this context, we see the role of the multimedia interpretation component as a liaison between the psychological apparatuses and computer-based artifact. We emphasize this role of multimedia interpretation by outlining a mapping process of the psychological apparatuses and computer-based artifact. This mapping process needs to be transparent to its user so that effective human-centered systems can be achieved. This transparency will provide an immersive environment for the users and enable uninhibited interaction between the users and the artifact. Furthermore, we illustrate how the multimedia interpretation component can be utilized in the medical diagnosis and treatment support application.