Ji-Soo Kim

Nursing Students` Awareness of Nursing and Future Career

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate nursing students` awareness of nursing and future career according to school years and gender. Method: Data was collected using a self-report questionnaire from October to December, 2007. Participants were 279 second year and 250 fourth year nursing students from 6 universities located in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Chungcheong-do, Gangwon-do, Jeonla-do, and Gyeongsang-do. Result: 1) The senior showed higher scores in `a job with plenty of spare time`, and `good possibilities to be promoted` than the sophomore. Otherwise the senior students showed lower score in `possibilities for part-time working` than the sophomore. 2) The senior showed higher scores in `cooperative relationship`, `physical health`, and `contribution to nursing` than the sophomore. But in `nursing skill`, the senior showed lower score than the sophomore. 3) There were significant differences in wanting department, wanting graduate school, and major obstacles for the longer working between the sophomore and senior. 4) Male students were lower academic performance than female. 5) There were significant differences `a job with social reputation`, and `contribution to nursing` by gender. Conclusion: These results suggest it`s important that nursing educators make nursing students improve their job professionalism and guide nursing students` future career in view of students` gender and school year.

The mediating effects of perceived parental teasing on relations of body mass index to depression and self‐perception of physical appearance and global self‐worth in children

AIM To report a correlational study of the relation of body mass index to childrens perceptions of physical appearance and global self-worth and depression, as mediated by their perceptions of parental teasing. BACKGROUND The relation between depression and self-perception in children with obesity has been reported. Recently, parental factors were found to be related to childhood obesity. Little is known about the effects of perceived parental teasing on depression and self-perception in children. DESIGN A descriptive correlational research design was used. METHODS Data were collected from 455 children in the fifth and sixth grades in four provinces of South Korea using self-report questionnaires for measuring self-perception of physical appearance and global self-worth, depression and perceived parental teasing between October-December in 2009. The childrens weight and height information from school health records was used. Multiple regression analysis and the Sobel test were used to identify the mediating effect of perceived parental teasing. RESULTS Among the children, 20% were overweight or obese. Although children with obesity did not differ in the level of depression from their normal weight counterparts, they demonstrated lower perceived physical appearance and higher perceived parental teasing. The mediating effects of perceived parental teasing were found for the relations between body mass index and self-perception of physical appearance and global self-worth, and body mass index and depression, respectively. CONCLUSION Obese children at risk of parental teasing should be identified to prevent their psychological problems. A well-designed intervention study is necessary to examine the effects of psycho-emotional interventions for obese children.

Factors influencing emergency nurses’ ethical problems during the outbreak of MERS-CoV

Background: Whenever there has been a worldwide contagious disease outbreak, there have been reports of infection and death of healthcare workers. Particularly because emergency nurses have contact with patients on the front line, they experience ethical problems in nursing while struggling with infectious diseases in an unfavorable environment. Objective: The objective of this study was to explore emergency nurses’ ethical problems and to identify factors influencing these problems during the outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome–coronavirus in Korea. Design and sample: For this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire survey was conducted with emergency nurses working in six hospitals selected through convenience sampling from the hospitals designated for Middle East respiratory syndrome–coronavirus patients in the capital area. Methods: Data were collected from 169 emergency nurses in Korea during August 2015. Ethical considerations: This research was approved by the Institutional Review Board of G University in Korea. Results: The findings of this study suggest that during the Middle East respiratory syndrome–coronavirus outbreak, emergency nurses experienced ethical problems tied to a mind-set of avoiding patients. Three factors were found to influence emergency nurses’ ethical problems (in order of influence): cognition of social stigmatization, level of agreement with infection control measures, and perceived risk. Conclusion: Through this study, we obtained information on emergency nurses’ ethical problems during the Middle East respiratory syndrome–coronavirus outbreak and identified the factors that influence them. As found in this study, nurses’ ethical problems were influenced most by cognitions of social stigmatization. Accordingly, to support nurses confidently care for people during future health disasters, it is most urgent to promote appropriate public consciousness that encourages healthcare workers.

Factors influencing preventive behavior against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus among nursing students in South Korea☆

Abstract Background Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), an emerging infectious disease introduced in South Korea in 2015, spreads quickly through hospitals, and Korea became one of the major areas affected by the disease after the Middle East region. To stop the spread of an emerging disease, it is important to practice prevention guidelines correctly. Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing preventive behavior against MERS-CoV among Korean nursing students. Methods This is a cross-sectional study using a questionnaire survey. Data were collected from 429 nursing students from three colleges of nursing in Korea from June 25 to July 3 in 2015. Results Preventive behavior against MERS-CoV was affected mostly by attitude (β=.243, p <.001). Such behavior was also high in relation to the variables of perceived risk (β=.232, p <.001), older students (β=.202, p <.001), knowledge level (β=.153, p <.01), and female respondents (β=.115, p <.05). Conclusion Preventive behavior against emerging infectious diseases such as MERS-CoV was found to be affected most significantly by attitude and risk perception. It is crucial to provide nursing students with information or knowledge, but it is also important to help those in nursing education recognize that active preventive behavior can prevent this infectious disease and stop its spread.

Nurses` Perception, Knowledge, and it`s Affecting Factors on Performance of Nursing Practice in Hospital with No Guardian

The purpose of this study was to investigate on paid hospital-nurses` work perception, knowledge, performance and the performance-related factors of a nurse who works in a hospital with no guardian which is phased in its beginning as well as interactions between the factors. Data were collected from nurses working in wards without guardian at 9 hospitals among a total of 10 Korean hospitals carrying out a national pilot project which is designed for institutionalization of national caregiving services. Self reported questionnaires were used to collect data from 167 nurses, and 135 returned forms were analyzed(December, 2010). The score of perception was 4.24/5.00, knowledge 4.25/5.00, and performance 3.49/5.00. The performance was significantly different depending on the hospital types(p

Effects of Postural Habits and Stress on Low Back Pain in Nursing Students

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify effects of postural habits and stress on low back pain experienced by nursing students. Methods: The survey was conducted with 282 students at 5 nursing schools in Seoul, Incheon, Chungcheongbuk, and Jeollabuk Province. Data were collected from October, 2013 to January, 2014. Data analyses including descriptive analysis, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients, and multiple regression were performed using SPSS 21.0. Results: In multiple regression, habit of standing on force of one feet (β=.23, p<.001), habit of sleeping on ones back (β=-.19, p=.020), habit of resting the chin on ones hands (β=.15, p=.029), and habit of carrying a bag on one shoulder (β=.12, p=.011) were associated with low back pain experienced by nursing students. These factors accounted for 12.9% of the variance in the low back pain in undergraduate students. Conclusion: These results suggest that low back pain in nursing students are related to their habits of posture in daily life. Therefore, intervention program to encourage healthy postural habits can be effective to prevent low back pain in nursing students.

Parenting Stress and Maternal–Child Interactions Among Preschool Mothers From the Philippines, Korea, and Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional, Comparative Study

Background: To promote child development, parenting stress, and maternal–child interactions among mothers of various nationalities must be understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate maternal–child interactions according to the mother’s nationality among married immigrant mothers from the Philippines, Vietnam, and Korea. Method: This study employed a descriptive, cross-sectional design. Inclusion criteria were mothers who had children of preschool age. Results: A total of 348 mothers were interviewed: 142 Korean mothers, 84 immigrant mothers from the Philippines, and 122 immigrant mothers from Vietnam. Parenting stress (p < .001) and maternal–child interactions (p = .023) differed according to the mother’s nationality. Conclusions: By delineating the nurturing characteristics of each country, the results of this study can help immigrant mothers develop maternal–child relationships that aid culturally congruent adjustment to their new culture. Implications for practice: The characteristics of maternal–child interactions according to the mother’s nationality may inform parent education in multicultural societies.

Korean Adolescents’ Health Behavior and Psychological Status according to Their Mother’s Nationality

Objectives This study was conducted to compare adolescents’ health behaviors and psychological status according to whether or not their mother was born in Korea. Methods This secondary analysis used nationally representative data from the 2015 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. The self-administered questionnaire included computer measured socio-demographic variables, 15 health behaviors, and psychological status. Data from 65,426 middle school and high school students were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression, adjusting for socio-demographic variables, was used to analyze differences in health behaviors and psychological status between adolescents with a foreign-born mother and those with a Korean mother. Results Adolescents who have foreign-born mothers had a lower level of current drinking and subjective happiness, but a higher stress level. Conclusion The stress levels of the adolescents with foreign-born mothers could be affected by their multicultural background. It is necessary to analyze stress-influencing factors of multicultural adolescents by comparing them to adolescents from Korean parents. Additionally, our society should pay more attention to the mental health of multicultural adolescents. Schools should also make various efforts to protect multicultural adolescents by adopting mental health management programs led by school nurses and counselors.

Mediating Effect of Body Image Distortion on Weight Loss Efforts in Normal‐Weight and Underweight Korean Adolescent Girls

BACKGROUND We explored the relationship between body mass index-for-age percentile, body image distortion, and unnecessary weight loss efforts in Korean adolescent girls who are underweight and normal weight and examined the mediating effect of body image distortion on weight loss efforts. METHODS This study used data from the 2013 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The study sample comprised 29,633 Korean adolescent girls who are normal weight and underweight. Chi-square tests and correlations were used to assess bivariate relationships between the variables. To assess the mediating effect of body image distortion on the relationship between body mass index-for-age percentile and weight loss efforts, a 3-step regression analysis was used. RESULTS There was a significant correlation between body mass index-for-age percentiles and body image distortion, and both significantly correlated with weight loss efforts. In addition, a distorted perception of being overweight or obese was a significant mediating variable. CONCLUSIONS School-based health education and intervention programs are needed to promote the formation of a positive body image, not only for obese adolescents, but also for normal-weight and underweight adolescent girls.

Label-Free Optical Biochemical Sensors via Liquid-Cladding-Induced Modulation of Waveguide Modes

We demonstrated modulation of the waveguide mode mismatch via liquid cladding of the controllable refractive index for label-free quantitative detection of concentration of chemical or biological substances. A multimode optical fiber with its core exposed was used as the sensor head with the suitable chemical modification of its surface. Injected analyte liquid itself formed the liquid cladding for the waveguide. We found that modulation of the concentration of analyte injected enables a degree of the waveguide mode mismatch to be controlled, resulting in sensitive change in optical power transmission, which was utilized for its real-time quantitative assay. We applied the device to quantitating concentration of glycerol and bovine serum albumin (BSA) solutions. We obtained experimentally the limit of detection (LOD) of glycerol concentration, 0.001% (volume ratio), corresponding to the resolvable index resolution of ∼1.02 × 10-6 RIU (refractive index unit). The presented sensors also exhibited reasonably good reproducibility. In BSA detection, the sensor device response was sensitive to change in the refractive indices not only of liquid bulk but also of layers just above the sensing surface with higher sensitivity, providing the LOD experimentally as ∼3.7 ng/mL (mass coverage of ∼30 pg/mm2). A theoretical model was also presented to invoke both mode mismatch modulation and evanescent field absorption for understanding of the transmission change, offering a theoretical background for designing the sensor head structure for a given analyte. Interestingly, the device sensing length played little role in the important sensor characteristics such as sensitivity, unlike most of the waveguide-based sensors. This unraveled the possibility of realizing a highly simple structured label-free sensor for point-of-care testing in a real-time manner via an optical waveguide with liquid cladding. This required neither metal nor dielectric coating but still produced sensitivity comparable to those of other types of label-free sensors such as plasmonic fiber ones.