Jia Horng Lin

A Comparison of Epithelial Cells, Fibroblasts, and Osteoblasts in Dental Implant Titanium Topographies

The major challenge for dental implants is achieving optimal esthetic appearance and a concept to fulfill this criterion is evaluated. The key to an esthetically pleasing appearance lies in the properly manage the soft tissue profile around dental implants. A novel implant restoration technique on the surface was proposed as a way to augment both soft- and hard-tissue profiles at potential implant sites. Different levels of roughness can be attained by sandblasting and acid etching, and a tetracalcium phosphate was used to supply the ions. In particular, the early stage attaching and repopulating abilities of bone cell osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1), fibroblasts (NIH 3T3), and epithelial cells (XB-2) were evaluated. The results showed that XB-2 cell adhesive qualities of a smooth surface were better than those of the roughened surfaces, the proliferative properties were reversed. The effects of roughness on the characteristics of 3T3 cells were opposite to the result for XB-2 cells. E1 proliferative ability did not differ with any statistical significance. These results suggest that a rougher surface which provided calcium and phosphate ions have the ability to enhance the proliferation of osteoblast and the inhibition of fibroblast growth that enhance implant success ratios.

Evaluation of Manufacturing Technology and Characterization of Composite Fabric for Stab Resistant Materials

d more to their own safety, lead all kinds of personal protection apparatus to rapidly develop. This study designed and manufactured the stabbing resistant fabrics to prevent the pricking damage of human body. In this study, woven Kevlar fabric is laid between two layers of polyamide 6 fibrous webs that contain low-melt polyester fibers. The fibrous webs and woven fabric are bonded via needle punching and thermal bonding to generate a nonwoven/woven composite fabric that can be used as a substrate for artificial leather. The polyamide 6 staple fiber is the primary component of the nonwoven structure. The low-melt polyester fiber was added via thermal bonding to reinforce the composite fabric structure. The stab resistance of the composite fabric was reinforced by the woven Kevlar fabric. Because the bonding process alters the mechanical properties of the composite fabric, effects of bonding process conditions, such as needle punching density and thermal bonding temperature, on the mechanical properties and stab resistance of the composite fabric were investigated. The stab resistance of the composite fabric was assessed by stab resistance tests using the ASTM F1432 standard. Experimental results demonstrate that the optimal parameters obtained from sample which needle punching density is 200 needles/cm2

Property evaluation of Bletilla striata /polyvinyl alcohol nano fibers and composite dressings

This study used nonwoven manufacture and electrospinning to create wound dressings with solid mechanical properties and hemostasis function. 10% Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and 5% Bletilla striata (BS) were blended into the PVA/BS solution, which can be made into nanomaterial with high specific surface area by electrospinning. The PVA/BS solution was electrospun onto the dressing matrix made of polyester (PET) and absorbent cotton (AC), forming the PVA/BS composite dressings. According to the experiment results, when the volume ratio of PVA to BS was 9 : 1, the resulting dressings had optimal fiber formation, the finest average diameter, and the lowest toxicity.

Evaluation on the Sound Absorption and Mechanical Property of the Multi-Layer Needle-Punching Nonwoven

In this research, we used the special needle punching process to improve the disadvantages of the ordinary needle punching process. First, we manufactured the single-layer needle punching nonwoven by the ordinary needle punching process and then nonwovens were laminated followed by needle punching. We carried on this manufacturing processing until the multiple needle-punching nonwoven reached the certain thickness and area weight which were both limited in the ordinary needle punching process. The combination of two manufacture techniques as multiple thermal bonding and multiple needle-punching freed the single needle-punching from the limit of the expected thickness and area density. In this research, we tested the mechanical properties and sound absorption of the multi-layer needle-punching nonwoven and multi-layer thermal bonding nonwoven. According to the results, the tensile strength is higher than the multi-layer thermal bonding nonwoven; however, there was no distinct difference between the multi-layer needle-punching nonwoven and multi-layer thermal bonding nonwoven on the sound absorption performance.

Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness and Manufacture Technique of Functional Bamboo Charcoal/Metal Composite Woven

In order to fabricate textiles with electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMSE) and far infrared emissivity, we fabricated bamboo charcoal/metal (BC/M) composite wrapped yarns with metal wires (stainless steel wires or copper wires) as the core yarn and bamboo charcoal textured yarn as the wrapped yarns using a rotor twister machine. The optimum manufacture parameters included: the speed of the rotor twister was 8000 rpm and the wrapped amounts of the BC/M composite wrapped yarns were 4 turns/cm. The BC/M composite wrapped yarns were made into the BC/M composite woven fabrics using a loom machine. Moreover, we tested the BC/M composite woven fabrics in EMSE and then changed the lamination angles. When the lamination amount was 6, laminated angles were 0°/45°/90°/-45°/0°/45°, 0°/ 90°/0°/ 90°/0°/ 90°, and the frequencies of the incident waves were between 1.83 and 3 GHz, the EMSE of the BC/M composite woven fabrics reached 50 to 60 dB which was satisfactory.

PET/PP Blend with Bamboo Charcoal to Produce Functional Composites: Evaluation of Functionalities

Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/polypropylene/bamboo charcoal (PET/PP/BC) thermoplastic composites were prepared by melt compounding and then injection molding. The functionalities of the composites, such as electrical resistivity, electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMSE), far-infrared ray radiativity (FIRR) and negative ion concentration, were evaluated in the study. The surface resistivity and volume resistivity of the functional composites were 2.47 - 9.12×1011 Ω/sq and 5.8 - 7.01×1010 Ωcm, respectively, while composites containing 6 wt% BC or above. The EMSE of the composites were below 10 dB at frequency ranged from 300 kHz to3 GHz. The average FIRR of the composites was 0.85 at BC concentration of 8 wt%. Incorporation of BC into the composites increased the negative ion concentration of about 30 pcs/cc compared to those without BC. However, it is lower than the positive ion concentration in the air.

Novel Manufacturing Process for Tencel/Chitosan/Pectin Composite Dressing

The treatment for wound is a common issue in nursing procedure. Especially in serious wound, the treatment for wound usually spends many costs and time. Generally, wound dressing is used to protect the wound from bacterial infection in the intervening period between hospitalization and grafting. The pectin and chitosan are natural polymers that have biocompatibility and biodegradability, and pectin and chitosan can be easy obtainment and low cost. Tencel is a regenerated fiber. The Tencel fibers are biodegradable and hydrophilic, and have stable capability of dimension. Therefore, if the pectin and chitosan can be properly developed and combine with the tencel fabric for dressing use, the cost and time for wound treatment could be effective reduction. The absorbent cotton fibers were blended with the tencel fibers to create the cotton/Tencel nonwoven substance using nonwoven manufacturing technique. Chitosan will be electrospun on the Tencel nonwoven substance to create chitosan/Tencel composite nonwoven fabric. Furthermore, the surface structure of chitosan/Tencel composite nonwoven was observed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to examine spinning ability of chitosan. Additionally, the pectin solution was blended with calcium chloride solution. Then pectin blended solution was coated on the optimal chitosan/Tencel composite nonwoven fabric by using mesh printing technique to prepare composite dressing. The result shown the Tencel/chitosan/pectin composite dressing has good capabilities of water absorbency and evaporative water loss. This study showed that a novel process for medical dressing was useful, and the composite dressing had an advantage property on wound healing and protection.

The Effects of Thermal Consolidation Methods on PET Nonwoven Composites for Thermal Insulation Use

As available energy sources have grown increasingly scarce, people have started paying attention to their energy consumption. Although many methods for power generation are being actively investigated, efficient methods for solving energy problems must be based on reducing energy consumption. Thermal insulation can decrease heat energy loss and conserve energy waste, especially in the construction, transportation and industrial fields. In this study, polyester (PET) hollow fibers were blended with various ratios of low-melting-point PET fibers (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%). The fibers were blended using opening, carding, laying and needle punching (150 needles/cm2, 225 needles/cm2 and 300 needles/cm2) to prepare PET nonwoven fabrics. The PET nonwoven fabrics were thermally plate pressed (TPP) and air-through bonding (ATB). Thermal conductivity, physical properties and air permeability were investigated to identify the influence of manufacturing parameters on the PET nonwoven fabrics. The experimental results show that needle punching density, TPP and ATB would influence the thermal conductivity of PET nonwoven fabric, because the structure of PET nonwoven fabric was changed. The optimal parameters of PET nonwoven fabric clipped with an aluminum foil was used to evaluate the influence of aluminum foil on thermal conductivity. The PET nonwoven composite in this study can be used in industrial thermal insulation applications.

Manufacturing and Mechanical Evaluation of HRBP/PPTA Intra-Ply Hybrid Nonwovens for Protecting Cushioning Composites

In this study, high-resilience bonding polyester/Poly-paraphenylene terephthalamid intra-ply hybrid nonwovens with various fiber blending ratios and thermal treatment conditions were prepared through needle-punching and thermal bonding. The mechanical characteristics including tensile strength, tear strength, puncture resistance and bursting strength were investigated. The results showed that the addition of Kevlar fibers enhanced the mechanical properties of hybrid nonwovens. The tensile strength, puncture resistance and bursting strength also improved with the increase in thermal treatment duration and temperature while the tear strength had lower strength when treated at 180°C than at 170°C. The reason was thermal bonding points restricted the slippage of the fibers leading the fibers to break in sequence instead of sustaining the tension together.

Preparation and evaluation of artificial bone complex material: chitosan/polylactic complex braids

Polymer has been widely applied in the biomedical field. In this study, degradable polylactic complex yarns are twisted and braided by a 16-spindle braid machine; therefore, a polylactic complex braid fabric, an artificial bone material, was prepared. Different experimental parameters were conducted to examine the complex braid fabric’s mechanical property. chitosan was coated onto the polylactic braid as a membrane. The modified chitosan produced a functional group existing on its surface. This polylactic complex braid was immersed in the simulated body fluid to observe Hap. When the modified chitosan/polylactic complex braid was immersed in the simulated body fluid for 21 days, the overall hydroxyapatite was in sphere shape as previous studies had argued.Polymer has been widely applied in the biomedical field. In this study, degradable polylactic complex yarns are twisted and braided by a 16-spindle braid machine; therefore, a polylactic complex braid fabric, an artificial bone material, was prepared. Different experimental parameters were conducted to examine the complex braid fabric’s mechanical property. chitosan was coated onto the polylactic braid as a membrane. The modified chitosan produced a functional group existing on its surface. This polylactic complex braid was immersed in the simulated body fluid to observe Hap. When the modified chitosan/polylactic complex braid was immersed in the simulated body fluid for 21 days, the overall hydroxyapatite was in sphere shape as previous studies had argued.