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Featured researches published by Jianye Ching.


Computer-aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering | 2006

Structural Model Updating and Health Monitoring with Incomplete Modal Data Using Gibbs Sampler

Jianye Ching; Matthew Muto; James L. Beck

A new Bayesian model updating approach is presented for linear structural models. It is based on the Gibbs sampler, a stochastic simulation method that decomposes the uncertain model parameters into three groups, so that the direct sampling from any one group is possible when conditional on the other groups and the incomplete modal data. This means that even if the number of uncertain parameters is large, the effective dimension for the Gibbs sampler is always three and so high-dimensional parameter spaces that are fatal to most sampling techniques are handled by the method, making it more practical for health monitoring of real structures. The approach also inherits the advantages of Bayesian techniques: it not only updates the optimal estimate of the structural parameters but also updates the associated uncertainties. The approach is illustrated by applying it to two examples of structural health monitoring problems, in which the goal is to detect and quantify any damage using incomplete modal data obtained from small-amplitude vibrations measured before and after a severe loading event, such as an earthquake or explosion.


Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering | 2009

Efficient Evaluation of Reliability for Slopes with Circular Slip Surfaces Using Importance Sampling

Jianye Ching; Kok-Kwang Phoon; Yu-Gang Hu

Evaluating the reliability of a slope is a challenging task because the possible slip surface is not known beforehand. Approximate methods via the first-order reliability method provide efficient ways of evaluating failure probability of the “most probable” failure surface. The tradeoff is that the failure probability estimates may be biased towards the unconservative side. The Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is a viable unbiased way of estimating the failure probability of a slope, but MCS is inefficient for problems with small failure probabilities. This study proposes a novel way based on the importance sampling technique of estimating slope reliability that is unbiased and yet is much more efficient than MCS. In particular, the critical issue of the specification of the importance sampling probability density function will be addressed in detail. Three examples of slope reliability will be used to demonstrate the performance of the new method.


Structural Health Monitoring-an International Journal | 2004

New Bayesian Model Updating Algorithm Applied to a Structural Health Monitoring Benchmark

Jianye Ching; James L. Beck

A new two-step approach for probabilistic structural health monitoring is presented, which involves modal identification followed by damage assessment using the pre and post-damage modal parameters based on a new Bayesian model updating algorithm. The new approach aims to attack the structural health monitoring problems with incomplete modeshape information by including the underlying full modeshapes of the system as extra random variables, and by employing the Expectation-Maximisation algorithm to determine the most probable parameter values. The non-concave non-linear optimisation problem associated with incomplete modeshape cases is converted into two coupled quadratic optimisation problems, so that the computation becomes simpler and more robust. We illustrate the new approach by analysing the Phase II Simulated Benchmark problems sponsored by the IASC-ASCE Task Group on Structural Health Monitoring. The results of the analysis show that the probabilistic approach is able to successfully detect and locate the simulated damage involving stiffness loss in the braces of the analytical benchmark model based on simulated ambient-vibration data.


Journal of Engineering Mechanics-asce | 2013

Simulating Spatial Averages of Stationary Random Field Using the Fourier Series Method

Sanjay Kumar Jha; Jianye Ching

AbstractA Fourier series method (FSM) of simulating spatial averages of stationary Gaussian random fields is presented. The FSM is able to simulate spatial averages over nonequally spaced rectangular cells, and by adopting Gauss quadrature, it can be further applied to nonrectangular cells. It is also capable of simulating line averages over any prescribed line segment in two dimensions. The former (spatial averaging over cells) is essential for finite-element analysis, while the latter (line averaging over line segments) is essential for slope-stability analysis using limit equilibrium. To resolve the issue of unrealistic periodical correlation pertaining to the FSM, a rule of thumb is provided to extend the simulation space. For cases with nonrectangular cells, the required number of Gauss points to achieve a prescribed accuracy is calibrated for both one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) cases and for both the single-exponential (SExp) and squared-exponential (QExp) autocorrelation models. The ...


Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering | 2012

Updating Uncertainties in Friction Angles of Clean Sands

Jianye Ching; Jie-Ru Chen; Jian-Yi Yeh; Kok-Kwang Phoon

It is essential to characterize the uncertainties of soil shear strengths, including friction angles of sands, for geotechnical reliability-based design. In particular, it is of practical interest to update the uncertainties in friction angles on the basis of all available information by correlation, given the considerable cost of a typical site investigation. Although it is relatively simple to update uncertainties by correlation when the information is one dimensional (1D) or univariate, it is quite challenging to update uncertainties by using multivariate information through multiple correlations. This study proposes a systematic way of constructing multivariate correlations on friction angles of reconstituted clean sands. A set of simplified equations are obtained through Bayesian analysis for the purpose of updating uncertainties. The inputs to the equations are the results of field and laboratory tests, and the outputs are the updated mean values and standard deviations of the friction angles. Test ...


Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards | 2013

Probability distribution for mobilised shear strengths of spatially variable soils under uniform stress states

Jianye Ching; Kok-Kwang Phoon

This paper studies the probability distribution for the mobilised shear strength of a spatially variable soil mass that is subjected to a uniform stress state. Based on the mechanisms identified in two previous studies conducted by the authors, this study further proposes a probability distribution model for the mobilised shear strength that is based on the extreme value of normal random variables. It is concluded that the probability distribution of the mobilised shear strength of a spatially variable soil mass is affected by the line averaging effect along the potential slip plane and the number of independent potential slip planes. These two factors depend on the stress state and the orientation of the potential slip planes. With this model, the mobilised shear strength of a spatially variable soil mass can be simulated without the need of conducting random-field finite-element analyses. In addition, the strength characteristic value that is the 5% quantile in the Eurocodes can be easily derived from this model.


Journal of Engineering Mechanics-asce | 2014

Mean and Variance of Mobilized Shear Strength for Spatially Variable Soils under Uniform Stress States

Jianye Ching; Kok-Kwang Phoon; Ping-Hsun Kao

AbstractThis study proposes a set of simple equations for the mean value and variance of the mobilized shear strength for spatially variable soil masses subjected to uniform stress states. These equations are fairly effective in explaining the complicated behaviors for the mobilized shear strengths, regardless of stress states (e.g., compression or shear), spatial variability patterns (e.g., isotropic or anisotropic), and inherent mean and variance of the random field. Two mechanisms that affect the behaviors of the mobilized shear strength are identified: (1) the averaging effect along the potential slip curves, and (2) the emergent feature of a critical slip curve. The emergence is associated with the slip curve with the minimum averaged strength. In any realization of the random field, it is not possible to know a priori the location of the minimum average; hence, it would not coincide with a prescribed average. It is shown that the well-known phenomenon of critical scale of fluctuation is the result o...


Reliability Engineering & System Safety | 2009

Bayesian updating of reliability of civil infrastructure facilities based on condition-state data and fault-tree model

Jianye Ching; Sou-Sen Leu

Abstract This paper considers a difficult but practical circumstance of civil infrastructure management—deterioration/failure data of the infrastructure system are absent while only condition-state data of its components are available. The goal is to develop a framework for estimating time-varying reliabilities of civil infrastructure facilities under such a circumstance. A novel method of analyzing time-varying condition-state data that only reports operational/non-operational status of the components is proposed to update the reliabilities of civil infrastructure facilities. The proposed method assumes that the degradation arrivals can be modeled as a Poisson process with unknown time-varying arrival rate and damage impact and that the target system can be represented as a fault-tree model. To accommodate large uncertainties, a Bayesian algorithm is proposed, and the reliability of the infrastructure system can be quickly updated based on the condition-state data. Use of the new method is demonstrated with a real-world example of hydraulic spillway gate system.


Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering | 2014

Linking Site Investigation Efforts to Final Design Savings with Simplified Reliability-Based Design Methods

Jianye Ching; Kok-Kwang Phoon; Jiun-Wei Yu

AbstractThis study aims to address how efforts spent in geotechnical site investigation can be linked in an objective and defensible way to the final design dimensions of a geotechnical structure. A previously developed pad foundation example is adopted for illustration. Three aspects of geotechnical information are addressed: a variety of in situ and laboratory tests, precision of the tests, and local experiences in the estimation of soil properties that permit reduction of transformation uncertainties between test indexes and design parameters. Four simplified reliability-based design methods based on partial factors and quantiles are calibrated for the pad foundation. Their performances in linking site investigation efforts to final design savings are studied. Among these methods, the quantile methods are found to be the most responsive to the availability of geotechnical information, whether in the form of site investigation efforts or local experiences. The quantile methods can fill a critical gap in...


Computer-aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering | 2007

An Efficient Method for Evaluating Origin-Destination Connectivity Reliability of Real-World Lifeline Networks

Jianye Ching; Wei-Chih Hsu

This paper proposes a method of analyzing origin-destination (O-D) connectivity reliability of real-world lifeline networks. This research is novel because, for real-world lifeline networks with thousands of vertices and links, evaluating O-D connectivity is computationally infeasible with traditional methods. It is postulated that the O-D connectivity problem for the actual network can be converted into a virtual problem, while the computation for this problem is fast even for large networks. Hence, it is applicable to real-world lifeline networks. When combined with reliability analysis methods, the proposed method can be used to efficiently solve realistic O-D connectivity reliability problems for real-wold lifeline networks. In addition, a rating method is proposed to rank critical links; that is, links that have great influence on the O-D connectivity. The proposed framework should be valuable for management and reliability analysis of real-world lifeline networks.

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Kok-Kwang Phoon

National University of Singapore

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James L. Beck

California Institute of Technology

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Yu-Gang Hu

National Taiwan University

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Yi-Hung Hsieh

National Taiwan University of Science and Technology

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Keith Porter

University of Colorado Boulder

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Chang-Yu Ou

National Taiwan University of Science and Technology

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Shih-Hsuan Wu

National Taiwan University

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Jie-Ru Chen

National Chi Nan University

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