Jianzhu Liu

The comparison on changes of the body heats in electroacupuncture analgesia and anesthesia by ketamine hydrochloride in dogs.

This study was performed to clarify the differences of the body heats between electroacupuncture analgesia (EA) and anesthesia by ketamine hydrochloride (ketamine anesthesia) in dogs. Nine clinically healthy dogs were divided into ketamine anesthesia (control: 5 heads) and EA (experimental: 4 heads) groups, respectively. The acupoints GV-5 and Bai-Hui were used. The infrared thermographic system was used to determine the body heats. The body heats was determined at areas such as the dorsocranial (DCr), dorsocaudal (DCd), ventrocranial (VCr) and ventrocaudal (VCd) regions, on pretreatment, 10, 20, 30, 50 and 90 minutes after treatments, respectively in control and experimental groups. The body heats showed decreasing tendency until 30 minutes after ketamine injection, and then showed increasing pattern until 90 minutes after at all areas investigated in the control group. However, no significant differences of the body heats in the DCr, DCd, VCr and VCd regions were found in the control group. On the other hand, the body heats showed increasing tendency until 30 minutes, and then showed decreasing pattern until 90 minutes after EA, in the experimental group. The significant difference was observed at 30 minutes in the DCr region, and also at 10, 20 and 30 minutes in the DCd regions in the experimental group (p < 0.05). The significant differences of the body heats were detected at 20 minutes in the DCr region, at 30 minutes in the DCd region and at 30 minutes in the VCd region between the experimental and control groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, EA increases of the body heat in the contrary to that of ketamine anesthesia.

Anti-Emetic Effect of Oculo-Acupuncture on Dogs with Xylazine Induced Vomiting

The present study was conducted in order to clarify the anti-emetic effect of oculo-acupuncture (OA) on dogs with xylazine-induced vomiting, and also to compare the anti-emetic effect of OA and body acupuncture (AP). Twelve dogs induced to vomit by xylazine were selected from total 29 mongrel dogs in preliminary experiment and were used as subjects in this study. This study was comprised of two experiments. In experiment 1, the anti-emetic effects of OA on dogs were examined in the stomach/spleen region (experimental group I), the zhongjiao region (experimental group II), and the stomach/spleen region plus the zhongjiao region (experimental group III) using 12 dogs induced to vomit for one week interval repeatedly. On the other hand, needle acupuncture (AP) (BL20 + BL21, experimental group A) and OA (stomach/spleen and zhong jiao regions) combined with needle AP (BL20 + BL21) (experimental group B) were examined using 6 vomiting dogs, for one week interval repeatedly in experiment 2. As a result, the vomiting rates of experimental group I (50%, p < 0.05), experimental group II (58.3%) and experimental group III (41.6%, p < 0.01) were lower than that of control (100%), respectively in experiment 1. The vomiting rates of both experimental group A (50%, p < 0.05) and experimental group B (50%, p < 0.05) were lower than that of control (100%) in experiment 2. The starting vomiting time in experimental groups was similar to that of the control groups in experiment 1 and 2. This study demonstrated that OA had anti-emetic effects on dogs with xylazine-induced vomiting and OA in the stomach/spleen region plus the zhongjiao region was the most effective in anti-emesis among the experimental groups. In addition, body AP and OA combined with body AP had a similar anti-emetic effect on dogs with xylazine-induced vomiting.

The Effectiveness of Auriculoacupoint Treatment for Artificially Induced Acute Hepatic Injury in Dogs

BACKGROUND In humans telomerase is expressed in most cancers and immortal cell lines, and activation of telomerase may play important roles in tumorigenesis and immortalization. This study was to investigate the roles of telomerase activity (TA) and human telomerase RNA (hTR) in sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid. METHODS The telomerase repeated amplification protocol (TRAP) was used to demonstrate telomerase activity in 12 cases of sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid. In situ hybridization (ISH) was used to demonstrate the expression of hTR in 55 cases of paraffin-embedded sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid, and the results were compared with the proliferative index determined by Mib-1 immuno-labeling, histological patterns and recurrence of the tumor. RESULTS Different telomerase activity was shown in the 12 cases of sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid. The positive expression of hTR was 85.5% (47/55) in tumor cells, but not in the adjacent tissues. The positive expression of hTR was correlated with the proliferative activity (as assessed by Mib-1 immunolabelling, r = 0.942, P < 0.001) and the differentiation of sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid (chi(2) = 17.621, P < 0.001), but not significantly related to tumor recurrence. The level of hTR expression increased with the decrease of differentiation of sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the up-regulation of telomerase expression plays some roles in tarsal gland carcinogenesis, and the expression of hTR is a useful marker for malignant degree of sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid.

The effect of oculo-acupuncture on recovery from ethylene glycol-induced acute renal injury in dogs.

The potential recovery effect by oculo-acupuncture (OA) on ethylene glycol-induced acute renal injury in dogs was investigated. Acute renal damage was induced by ingestion of ethylene glycol in six mongrel dogs. The dogs were assigned to control (three dogs) and experimental (three dogs) groups. The control group did not receive any treatment, while the experimental group was treated with oculo-acupuncture at kidney/urinary bladder region plus zhong jiao region of the eyes after the induction of renal damage. Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, sodium (Na), chloride (Cl), and potassium (K) were measured in both control and experimental groups. The blood RBC and Hb were also examined. The serum BUN and creatinine activities in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group, the serum Na and Cl had the irregular change in both groups, and the blood Hb in the control and experimental group showed decreasing tendency. Significant differences were observed on the 3rd and 7th day in BUN, 7th day in creatinine, 2nd day in Na and Cl, and 7th day in Hb when compared to the control group. Whereas, serum K concentration and RBC in the experimental group did not change significantly. The recovery findings of the renal injury were also observed in the experimental group histopathologically. In conclusion, OA therapy (kidney/urinary bladder region plus zhong jiao region) was effective for recovery of the renal injury induced by ethylene glycol in dogs.

The Effect of Oculo-Acupuncture on Acute Hepatic Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Dogs

We investigated the therapeutic effect of oculo-acupuncture on dogs induced with acute hepatic injury. Hepatic injury was induced by intraperitoneal injection with carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) in 8 mongrel dogs (4 females and 4 males, aged 2 to 4 years). The dogs were divided into the control group (4 dogs) and the experimental group (4 dogs). The experimental group was treated with oculo-acupuncture at the liver/gallbladder regions plus the zhong jiao region of the eye after the induction of hepatic injury. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activities were measured in both control and experimental groups. The serum AST, ALT, and GGT activities in the experimental group were decreased as compared to those in the control group. The significant differences were detected on the third day (AST, p < 0.05), second day (ALT, p < 0.05) and third day (GGT, p < 0.05) in the experimental group, respectively. Oculo-acupuncture alleviated acute liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in dogs was also confirmed by histopathological examination. We concluded that oculo-acupuncture at the liver/gallbladder regions plus the zhong jiao region was effective in the recovery of dogs from hepatic injury in a CCl(4)-induced model.

Treatment of tracheal collapse in two dogs by injection acupuncture

B-Y. Kim, DVM, Noah Animal Clinic, Keoyeo-Dong 562-4, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 138-111, Korea T-H. Kim, DVM, Kim Tae-Hwa Animal Clinic, Dunchon-Dong 53, Gangdong-Gu, Seoul 134-061, Korea K-S. Kim, DVM, Withpet Animal Clinic, Jamsil 234-17, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 138-221, Korea W-B. Kim, DVM, Gaepo Animal Clinic, Gaepo-Dong 186-17, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-241, Korea J. Liu, DVM, MS, K-H. Song, DVM, PhD, D-H. Kim, DVM, PhD, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Gungdong 220, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-764, Korea P. A. M. Rogers, MVB, MRCVS, Teagasc, Grange Research Centre, Dunsany, County Meath, Ireland