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Featured researches published by Jin Ouchi.


Acta Oto-laryngologica | 1982

Individual Variation and Mechanism of Kanamycin Ototoxicity in Rabbits

Iwao Ohtani; Kohsei Ohtsuki; Tohru Aikawa; Takeo Omata; Jin Ouchi; Takeo Saito

In order to elucidate the mechanism of individual variation of kanamycin ototoxicity, the possible relationship between the outer hair cell damage induced by kanamycin and the levels of kanamycin in serum or perilymph and of renal damage was investigated in rabbits. No relationship was found between the extent of the outer hair cell damage and the level of kanamycin in the serum or the renal damage. The extent of the outer hair cell damage was closely correlated to the levels of kanamycin in the perilymph. These findings suggest that the individual variations in the outer hair cell damage induced by kanamycin are more closely correlated to the individual differences in the transferability of kanamycin into inner ear than to those in the vulnerability of the outer hair cells or kidneys.


Auris Nasus Larynx | 1984

Mechanism of Protective Effect of Fosfomycin Against Aminoglycoside Ototoxicity

Iwao Ohtani; Kohsei Ohtsuki; Tohru Aikawa; Yohko Sato; T. Anzai; Jin Ouchi

The purpose of this study was to clarify the mechanism of the protective effect of fosfomycin (FOM) against inner ear damage induced by an aminoglycoside dibekacin (DKB), when administered concurrently DKB and FOM. Rats were treated with 50 mg/kg of DKB with or without 500 mg/kg of FOM for short-term administration. No significant difference was seen in the serum peak level and in the area under the curve between the group receiving DKB alone and the combined administration group of DKB and FOM. On the other hand, the DKB level in the kidney was significantly lower in the combined administration group than in the group receiving DKB alone. The mechanism of protective effect of FOM against DKB-induced ototoxicity may be considered as follows: FOM inhibits the accumulation of DKB in the kidney and reduces its concentration in the kidney and serum. Consequently, the transferability of DKB into the inner ear is decreased, and finally inner ear damage is reduced.


Auris Nasus Larynx | 1982

Evaluation of Ototoxicity of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics in Rabbits

Iwao Ohtani; Kohsei Ohtsuki; Tohru Aikawa; Yohko Sato; Jin Ouchi; Takeo Saito

It is generally accepted that the ototoxicity of aminoglycoside antibiotics is gentamicin (GM) > dibekacin (DKB) > kanamycin (KM) > amikacin (AMK) based on the results of animal experiments. However, clinical data reveals that the ototoxicity caused by each of the aminoglycoside antibiotics does not coincide with the ototoxicity in the animals. The present study was intended histopathologically for comparative evaluation of above-mentioned antibiotics using rabbits. The ototoxicity was GM > DKB > KM > AMK with the dose of 100 mg/kg, which coincide with many of the conventional reports on animal experiments. However, with the dose of 50 mg/kg, the order was GM > AMK > KM > DKB. With the dose of 30 mg/kg, hardly any differences were noted between the ototoxicity of GM and that of AMK. It was found out that the evaluation of the ototoxicity of drugs in high doses does not always correspond to that of lower doses. Therefore, the ototoxicity should be evaluated in strict consideration of dose of drugs. Usually, the doses of drugs used in the ototoxicity studies with animals are more than 10 times higher than those used clinically. Consequently, problems still exist in infering the ototoxicity of drugs in humans directly from the results obtained from animal experiments.


Auris Nasus Larynx | 1984

Relationship between ototoxicity of aminoglycoside antibiotics and their transferability into inner ear fluids.

Iwao Ohtani; Kohsei Ohtsuki; Tohru Aikawa; Yohko Sato; T. Anzai; Jin Ouchi; Takeo Saito

The purpose of this study is to clarify the question whether the difference of severity of ototoxicity induced by the aminoglycoside antibiotics depends on the difference of quantity of transferability into inner ear. Aminoglycoside antibiotics (tobramycin, kanamycin, netilmicin and ribostamycin) were injected for 30 consecutive days to rabbits. The relationship between the severity of hair cell damage and concentration of antibiotics in perilymph was investigated. The drug concentration in the perilymph was determined by the bioassay method, and using the surface preparation technique the hair cell damage was observed under a phase contrast microscope. It was concluded that the difference of severity of ototoxicity induced by the aminoglycoside antibiotics is due to the difference of their own toxicity to hair cells but not to the difference of their transferability into the perilymph.


Auris Nasus Larynx | 1984

Osteoma of the external auditory canal.

Iwao Ohtani; Tohru Aikawa; Manabu Honda; Jin Ouchi

A case of osteoma of the external auditory canal in a 19-year-old male patient was reported. The differentiation between osteoma and exostosis was discussed clinically, histopathologically and scanning electron microscopically.


Practica oto-rhino-laryngologica | 1985

A Clinical Study of 139 Cases of Maxillary Cancer

Hideo Imaizumi; Iwao Ohtani; Takeo Omata; Jin Ouchi

昭和43年より昭和56年までの14年間に当科で治療した上顎癌症例について統計的観察を行った.1) 症例総数は139例で, 男性84例女性55例で男女比は1.5:1であった. 年令分布は50歳台に最も多く, 50歳台から70歳台で79%と症例の大半を占めており, また70歳以上の症例が25%と高令者の増加が認められた.2) 組織型では squamous cell carcinoma が77%を占め最も多かった. squamous cell carcinoma と undifferentiated carcinoma との間に予後に差はみられなかった.3) 初診時主訴では頬部腫脹, 鼻閉の圧迫症状が多く, Stage 分類でも Stage III と Stage IV で85.6%を占め, 初診時にすでに進展した症例が大部分であることが認められた.4) 放射線療法+動注療法+necrotomy の5年粗生存率は20%で動注療法導入以前の成績と比較して予後の向上がみられなかった. しかしこの治療法に根治手術を併用した症例では5年粗生存率は44%と向上がみられ, 必要に応じて積極的な根治手術の併用が必要であると考えられた.


Practica oto-rhino-laryngologica | 1985

Postoperative Studies on Maxillary Cysts in our Clinic

Eriko Igari; Iwao Ohtani; Masafumi Murakami; Reiko Nakajyo; Jin Ouchi; Takeo Omata

昭和32年8月から昭和59年7月までの過去27年間に当教室で経験した術後性頬部嚢腫101例について臨床的統計的観察を行い若干の考察を加えた.1. 性別, 病側, 前回手術時年令および発病年令については従来の報告と同様の結果であった. また, 嚢腫再発例は, 嚢腫初発例に比べて症状発現期間が短い傾向にあった.2. 症状は頬部症状を示すものが約93%とほとんどを占め, 次いで口腔症状を示す例が約33%存在した. 歯科経由で当科受診するものが約24%存在することが注目された.3. 嚢腫手術は, (1) 嚢腫摘出術と (2) 粘膜を残存させ対孔を広く形成する方法の2通りに分けられ, 嚢腫の小さいもの程摘出術を施行する傾向があった. 年次別にみると, 最近は対孔形成のみを施行する傾向になってきている.


Practica oto-rhino-laryngologica | 1985

Maxillary Cancer Associated with Xeroderma Pigmentosum; A Case Report

Takashi Takatori; Hitomi Kobari; Iwao Ohtani; Takeo Omata; Eriko Igari; Jin Ouchi

Xeroderma pigmentosum is a rare autosomal recessive inherited skin disease characterized by pigmentary changes, atrophy, keratosis and carcinoma predominantly of the light-exposed skin.A case of maxillary cancer (squamous cell carcinoma) with xeroderma pigmentosum is reported. The patient, aged 61, had had a skin cancer (carcinoma simplex removed) 23 years earlier. The possible relationship between xeroderma pigmentosum and maxillary cancer, occurring in a region not exposed to sunlight, is discussed briefly.


Practica oto-rhino-laryngologica | 1985

Otological Findings in Two Siblings with the Wolfram Syndrome

Tohru Aikawa; Iwao Ohtani; T. Anzai; Manabu Honda; Jin Ouchi; Hideki Mori; Satoshi Kumaki

Two siblings had diabetes insipidus, diabetus mellitus, optic atrophy and deafness. This combination of abnormalities is known as the Wolfram syndrome. The hearing impairment in case 1 is bilateral high tone sensorineural hearing loss of moderate severity and in 2 it is slight bilateral high tone sensorineural hearing loss.


内耳生化学 | 1980

Scanning Electron Microscopic Observations of the Rabbit Cochlea

Tohru Aikawa; Kohsei Ohtsuki; Iwao Ohtani; Masayuki Takenaka; Yohko Sato; Takeo Omata; Jin Ouchi

蝸牛有毛細胞 と蓋膜 との接続 の知識 は,聴 覚受容の メカニズムを理解 す る上で重要 であ り,近 年,蓋 膜 に 聴毛の先端が陥入 して生 じた小孔,つ ま りimprint についての走 査電顕的観察 が,ヒ ト,サ ル,猫,モ ル モ ット等 で報告 されて いる。今 回,我 々は,家 兎蝸牛 を,特 に蓋膜 のimprintを 中心に走査電顕で観察 し モル モ ットのそれ と比較検討 したので報告 した。 実験材料 白色家兎及 びプ ライエル反射 正常の ハー トレイ系 モ ル モッ トを使用 した。 実験方法 断頭後,す みやかに内耳 を2%グ ル タール アルデ ヒ ドにて固定,さ らに1%オ ス ミウム酸にて2重 固定を 行ない,コ ルチ器 を とりだ した後に上昇エ タノール列 にて脱 水 し,さ らに臨界点乾燥法にて乾燥 を行 なった 。 試料 は,JFC1100型 イオンスパ ッタ リング装置 にて 蒸着 を行な った後,JSM-35C走 査電子顕 微鏡にて観 察 した。 実験結果 家兎 の内 ・外有毛細胞の聴 毛 はモル モ ットと比較 し て基本的 に差異 は認 め られなか ったが,家 兎では内有 毛細胞 の過剰細胞が モルモ ッ トに比べ て比 較的数多 く 認 め られ た。 図1(a)は,第1回 転後半の家兎蓋膜 の裏 面で,外 有 毛細胞 のimprint`つ ま り外有毛細胞の聴毛 に相 当 す るW型 の くぼみが3列 に配列 してい るのが観察 され た。図1(b)は,そ の強拡大像で,蓋 膜 の裏面 は線維 に 富 んでお り,外 有毛細胞聴 毛の中で最 外側列 の最 も長 い聴毛 によって生 じたと考え られ る1列 のimprint が み られ た 。図2(a)及 び(b)は,第1回 転 の モ ル モ ッ ト 蓋 膜 のimprintで,こ の よ うに家 兎 及 び モ ル モ ッ ト に み られ たimprintは,す べ て1列 で,い わ ゆ る single imprintを 呈 して お り,川 端 らが ヒ ト蓋膜 で報 告 して い る様 なmultiple imprintは 観 察 さ れ な か った 。 図3は,第1回 転 前 半 の家 兎 のimprintで,聴 毛 先 端 の蓋 膜 へ の は ま り込 み が 少 な く,比 較 的 浅 い くぼ み と して観 察 され た 。 図4は,第2回 転 前 半 のimprintで,深 く陥 凹 して お り聴 毛 先 端 の 蓋膜 へ の は ま り込 みが 深 くな って い る こ とが 考 え られ た 。 しか し, 頂 回転 で はimprintは 観 察 され な か っ た 。 これ らの よ うに大 部 分 の もの で は平 坦 な 蓋 膜 にimprintが み られ た が,家 兎 の中 に は川 端 らが ヒ トで 報 告 して い る よ うにimprintに 沿 って 蓋膜 の 隆 起 す るの が み られ た 。 図5(a)は,第2回 転 の 家兎 蓋膜 のimprintで 第 1列 目 の外 有 毛 細 胞 聴 毛 のimprintの 存 在 す る部位 が 相 当隆 起 して い るの が み られ た 。 これ を拡 大 す る と 図5(b)の 如 く,そ の 隆 起 に 沿 ってimprintの 小 孔 が 明 瞭 なW型 に 存 在 す るの が 認 め られ た。 ま た,Hensens stripeと 外 有 毛 細胞 第1列 目 の 聴 毛 に相 当す るimprintと の 間 に は,星 野 が ネ コで 報 告 して い る よ うな 内 有 毛 細胞 の聴 毛 に相 当 す る様 な くぼ み は観 察 され な か っ た 。 考 按 家 兎 蓋膜 のimprintは,基 底 部 で は浅 くな って お り,第2回 転 では 深 い もの が み られ,さ らに,頂 回転 に はimprintが 観 察 され な か った こ とな どが ら,

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Iwao Ohtani

Fukushima Medical University

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Kohsei Ohtsuki

Fukushima Medical University

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Takeo Omata

Fukushima Medical University

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Takeo Saito

Fukushima Medical University

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Jin Nemoto

Fukushima Medical University

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Tatsuya Sasaki

Fukushima Medical University

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