Jingyin Li

Intrinsic and extrinsic relaxation of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics: Effect of sintering

The effect of sintering process on the electrical properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) ceramic dielectrics were investigated in this paper. It was found that grain size is affected by sintering and the nonlinear current-voltage (I-V) property will decrease with the increased sintering time. Also, the frequency and temperature dependences of dielectric permittivity and loss in the ranges of 10−1–107 Hz and 130–270 K were studied. Two relaxation processes with activation energy of 0.51 eV and 0.10 eV, respectively, were found in the frequency dependence of tan δ and Cole–Cole planes, which can be interpreted in terms of insulating grain boundaries and semiconducting grains. It was suggested that grain boundary Maxwell–Wagner relaxation and ionization of oxygen vacancy VO++, proposed as extrinsic and intrinsic relaxations, are responsible for the dielectric behaviors of CCTO ceramics.

Impact force of a low speed water droplet colliding on a solid surface

The impact forces of the low-speed water droplet colliding on a light and tiny aluminum plate were measured by using a highly sensitive piezoelectric force transducer. The one-degree freedom vibration model was employed to analyze the oscillation of the measured force signals, and the plate vibration was confirmed as the cause through elaborately designed experiments. The force data were obtained by using the low-pass Finite Impulse Response filter and was verified to be reliable. The effects of impact velocity and diameter of droplets on the impact force evolutions and peak forces were investigated. The results revealed that the impact process of a liquid droplet is quite different from that of a solid ball in the frequency spectrum and in the power function of the peak force. The droplet impact is closer to a plastic impact, while the other behaves more nearly an elastic impact. The influence of droplet size on erosion is dependent on the impact time duration, which increases with droplet diameter. On t...

Effects of leading-edge rod on dynamic stall performance of a wind turbine airfoil:

A cylindrical rod placed at the leading edge of the S809 airfoil is used as an alternative for the conventional vortex generators. In this paper, extensive numerical investigations have been conducted on the effects of the rod on the static and dynamic stall performance of the S809 airfoil. The flows around the stationary and sinusoidally oscillating S809 airfoils at Re = 106 are simulated by solving the unsteady two-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations with the Shear Stress Transport k–ω model. For the stationary airfoil, the leading edge rod can effectively enhance the aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil and delay the stall angle, with the maximum lift–drag ratio increased by 30.7%. For the airfoil undergoing deep dynamic stall, the rod shows the capacity of eliminating the dynamic stall vortex at the leading edge and suppressing the flow separation at the tailing edge. It also reduces the peak of the negative pitching moment and the hysteresis effects substantially, and eliminates the negative damping sub-loop of the moment coefficient. Moreover, the distance between the rod and the airfoil has a strong influence on the lift forces but little effect on drag and moment coefficients of airfoil under deep dynamic stall.

Experimental Study of Impact Force of a Low-Speed Droplet Colliding on the Solid Surface at Different Impact Angles

Erosion problems due to droplet impacts are widely encountered in many fields. This may result in deterioration or even failure of the elements, and should be taken into consideration in the design of machines. The impact force is thought of as an essential factor in material erosion. In this paper, a highly sensitive piezoelectric force transducer was employed to record the impact force of the low-speed droplet colliding on an aluminum plate at different impact angles, in combination with a high-speed camera used to capture the impact process of the droplet. The results showed that the experimental setup can measure the impact force evolution precisely and reliably. The peak of the normal impact force increases with the normal velocity quadratically, while the impulse increases with the normal velocity linearly. In addition, a smaller impact angle would lead to longer time duration of the impact force. The high-speed images show that the initial impact patterns of the droplet have similar behavior in the initial impact process, with regardless of vertical or oblique impacts.Copyright