Joanicjusz Nazarko

Estimation of diversity and kWHR-to-peak-kW factors from load research data

Hourly load research data for residential customers is used to calculate diversity factors and kWHR-to-peak-kW factors. The customers are grouped into two classes based on their type of heating. The class-based diversity factors are a function of the number of customers, month and type of day. The class-based kWHR-to-peak-kW factors are a function of the month and type of day. With the use of control samples, comparisons are made between estimated and measured peak kW. Estimated daily load profiles are also calculated and compared to measured daily load profiles. >

Estimating Substation Peaks from Load Research Data

Load research data is used to develop kWh-to-peak-kW conversion factors, diversity factors, and average time-varying load data as a function of customer class, month, and type of day. A new method, nonlinear load research based estimation (NLRE), is used to derive monthly load shapes by customer class for estimating the peak MW load on substations as a function of total MWh usage by customer class, type of day, and month. Four substations at Hot Springs, Arkansas are used for estimation of monthly peak and the results are compared with measured values from a SCADA system. The results show improved accuracy of the NLRE estimated substation peaks in comparison with the previous method.

Application of DEA method in efficiency evaluation of public higher education institutions

AbstractPublic higher education sector is under a growing pressure worldwide to increase efficiency and improve the quality of its activities. Limited financial resources as well as detailed regulations and supervision of their spending are the important features of the public higher education sector. Another important and debated issue is the division of public money among higher education institutions (HEI). It is therefore crucial to create stimuli for the rational management of public funds by HEI and for the quality improvement of HEI services. One of the proposed ways to achieve the desired result is the comparative efficiency assessment of HEI activities. Setting clear reference points for HEI, such assessment may be treated as a substitute for market competition.This paper describes a comparative efficiency study of 19 Polish universities of technology. Detailed analysis of potential input, output and environmental variables describing the HEI efficiency model was carried out. The study used the C...

The critical analysis of scenario construction in the Polish foresight initiatives

AbstractThe aim of the article is to present the diagnosis of scenario method application in the Polish foresight initiatives. The concept of scenario method, its evolution, the state of the art of the Polish foresight studies and the critical analysis of the application of this method have been presented. From the questionnaire results the authors have identified (i) the approach used in scenario construction, (ii) the most important phases of scenario construction, (iii) the interconnection of scenario method with other methods of scenario construction, (iv) the profile of experts involved in foresight projects, (v) the profile of experts involved in scenario construction, (vi) the application of the triangulation principle in scenario construction, (vii) the application of wild cards in scenario construction and techniques to identify them, (viii) the average time of scenario construction process, (ix) the linkage of scenarios to other documents, (x) the number of scenarios elaborated upon, and (xi) th...

Identification of statistical properties of diversity and conversion factors from load research data

The essential point in designing and planning power distribution systems is the estimation of the load, because it is considered more important than the other distribution components which dictate the type of power distribution system required. The estimation of loads determines the size and location, or site, of a substation and the capacity of the associated equipment and transmission lines. Load research data provide an important input to load estimation. The estimation of future load requires an understanding of the characteristics of the various load components. Load research can provide useful information for planning and designing utility distribution systems. The most popular coefficient factors used by engineers to estimate the load on the distribution power system are the diversity factor (D/sub j/) and kWhr-to-peak-kW or conversion factor (C/sub f/).

The General Concept of Benchmarking and its Application in Higher Education in Europe

The purposes of this paper are twofold: a presentation of the theoretical basis of benchmarking and a discussion on practical benchmarking applications. Benchmarking is also analyzed as a productivity accelerator. The authors study benchmarking usage in the private and public sectors with due consideration of the specificities of the two areas. Special attention is paid to the presentation of the current picture of higher education and conditions for the application of benchmarking. The chosen examples of benchmarking projects conducted in higher education illustrate the spectrum of benchmarking usage. The authors conclude the paper with a recommendation for the employment of benchmarking in the higher education environment, especially in the light of competition pressures and rapid economic development.

ARIMA models in load modelling with clustering approach

In distribution system, bus load estimation is complicated because system load is usually monitored at only a few points. As a rule receiving nodes are not equipped with stationary measuring instruments so measurements of loads are performed sporadically. In general, the only information commonly available regarding loads, other than major distribution substations and equipment installations, is billing cycle customer kWh consumption. The paper presents application possibilities of ARIMA modelling with fuzzy clustering approach to electrical load estimation. The clustering of the substations (customers) according to daily load curves is made on the base of the average alignment degrees. Simulation studies have been performed to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed scheme and an effect of different parameters on its accuracy on the basis of actual data obtained at distribution system substations.

The Effect Of Expert Evaluations On The Efficiency Of Decision Processes In Power Distribution Systems

The paper gives the results of tests carr ied out f o r utility operational s t a f f (experts) t o estimate the form and parameters of a probability density function of e r r o r s (which are committed by experts) in evaluation of peak loads at receiving buses. Special computer simulation studies were designed and executed t o analyze the effects of load estimation e r ro r s on the results of power distribution systems performance calculations. From t h e resul ts of simulation tes ts , probabilistic models of calculational e r ro r s made on t h e distribution systems were formulated.

Comparative analysis of the Eastern European countries as participants of the new silk road

The chinese one belt one road (obor) initiative often referred to as the new silk road (nsr), seems to be the greatest endeavour of our times in terms of economy, politics and logistics. the study aimed to examine the potential of poland, belarus, lithuania, latvia, estonia and russia to participate in the nsr. the method applied was comparative analysis including both quantitative and qualitative studies. the juxtaposition of data from the intensity of global integration enabled assessment of the potential negative consequences of non-participation of the countries in the nsr. in turn, the analysis of specific indicators of trade integration, the intensity of global integration and the logistics performance of the researched part of europe has made it possible to answer the question about the most promising variants of the nsr.

Residential customer preferences in the DSM programmes

This paper presents outputs from the load and market research containing load analysis, residential energy market structure and customer preferences. On the basis of achieved measurement results, proposal of the residential DSM programme for the local utility is recommended. Knowledge of the residential energy market structure and customer preferences will also be helpful in formulating the strategy for local energy T&D company. The choice of the residential sector is not accidental, because of the number of customers and number of DSM programmes designed for that group. It should also be stressed that all surveys were carried out in the real circumstantial conditions of the separated part of the local energy market. That kind of research connecting with applications of DSM programmes seems to be very interesting from a scientific and commercial point of view.