Joanna Baran

Analysis of Relationship between the Body Mass Composition and Physical Activity with Body Posture in Children

Introduction. Excessive body mass in turn may contribute to the development of many health disorders including disorders of musculoskeletal system, which still develops intensively at that time. Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between childrens body mass composition and body posture. The relationship between physical activity level of children and the parameters characterizing their posture was also evaluated. Material and Methods. 120 school age children between 11 and 13 years were enrolled in the study, including 61 girls and 59 boys. Each study participant had the posture evaluated with the photogrammetric method using the projection moiré phenomenon. Moreover, body mass composition and the level of physical activity were evaluated. Results. Children with the lowest content of muscle tissue showed the highest difference in the height of the inferior angles of the scapulas in the coronal plane. Children with excessive body fat had less slope of the thoracic-lumbar spine, greater difference in the depth of the inferior angles of the scapula, and greater angle of the shoulder line. The individuals with higher level of physical activity have a smaller angle of body inclination. Conclusion. The content of muscle tissue, adipose tissue, and physical activity level determines the variability of the parameter characterizing the body posture.

Occupational Activity in Patients 10 Years after Hip Replacement Surgery

BACKGROUNDnAdvanced hip osteoarthritis requires total joint replacement surgery to improve daily activity, including occupational activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate employment status among patients 10 years after hip replacement surgery.nnnMATERIAL AND METHODSnA total of 63 patients who underwent total hip replacement surgery at the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology between 2003 and 2005 were enrolled in the study. At the time of the study (2014), all patients from the study group were of working age. Ultimately, 32 patients participated in the study. Each participant completed a questionnaire with questions about the place of residence, age, type of endoprosthesis, employment status, type of work performed, reason for arthroplasty, postoperative course of rehabilitation and subjective health status. Functional capacity was evaluated using Harris 100-point scale.nnnRESULTSn88% of the respondents had been employed prior to surgery, compared to only 46% one year after surgery and only 40% at 10 years after surgery. A positive outcome was that 17% of the respondents receiving a disability pension prior to surgery were able to return to work after surgery.nnnCONCLUSIONSn1. Hip replacement surgery may affect the employment status of patients. 2. The most significant factors influencing cessation of work were a high BMI, living in a rural environment and being female.

Czynniki wpływające na utrzymanie aktywności zawodowej w okresie 2–3 lat po zabiegu całkowitej endoprotezoplastyki stawu biodrowego

BACKGROUNDnThe purpose of this paper was to assess the occupational activity in patients after hip replacement over a 2-3-year post operational period and to analyze the effect of selected factors (age, gender, body mass index (BMI), functional state and self-assessed health status) on this activity.nnnMATERIAL AND METHODSnIn the research 107 people (56 women and 51 men) participated. The average age of the subjects was 55.1 years. A standardized authors survey questionnaire, including questions about personal and clinical data, occupational activity and self-assessment of health status, was applied. The body mass and height were measured and the BMI index was calculated. The 100 points Harris Hip Score (HHS) was used to assess the functional state in the respondents.nnnRESULTSnAfter the operation about 60% of the patients were not occupationally active; 44 (41.1%) respondents received the state health benefit, 18 (16,8%) respondents were eligible for pension benefit, and 2 (1.9%) respondents were unemployed with benefit. No one unemployed before the operation undertook work afterwards. Neither gender nor the character of the job or BMI exerted statistically significant effect on the occupational activity after the operation. Significant differences were noted in undertaking the occupational activity after the operation in patients with different level of functional efficiency assessed with the use of HHS (p = 0.0350) and different level of self-assessed health statuse (p = 0.0057).nnnCONCLUSIONSnMore than half of the respondents have not returned to work after total hip replacement, while people doing intellectual work most frequently returned to occupation after surgery. Age, functional efficiency, and self-assessed health status of the patient had a significant influence on their return to work. Med Pr 2018;69(2):191-198.

Blood lipid profile and body composition in a pediatric population with different levels of physical activity

BackgroundAssociations between physical activity and lipid/lipoprotein levels and body composition among pediatric populations are not completely consistent in the literature. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to analyze lipid and lipoprotein profiles and body composition among children and adolescents differentiated according to their level of physical activity.MethodsThe study sample consisted of 69 participants that ranged from 6 to 17xa0years of age. Objective measures of physical activity were obtained over 7xa0days with accelerometers. Total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides (TG) were measured from a fasting blood sample. High-risk values for these lipids/lipoproteins were determined using age- and sex-specific thresholds. Body composition estimates were obtained using a foot-to-foot bioelectrical impedance analysis.ResultsAlmost half (47.8%) of the participants did not meet daily moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) recommendations. This group had lower free fat mass (by 5.51%), muscle mass content (by 5.17%), and a higher risk for abnormal HDL level (ORu2009=u20094.19) and excessive body fat content (ORu2009=u20093.05).ConclusionsParticipants who met daily recommended MVPA were found to have more favorable HDL and body fat levels compared to those who did not meet these recommendations.

Neuromotor Development of Children Aged 6 and 7 Years Born before the 30th Week Gestation

Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the level of neuromotor function and somatic development in 6- and 7-year-old children born before the 30th week gestation with that in full-term children at the same age, as well as the correlation between prematurity and motor development. Material and Methods The study group consisted of prematurely born 40 children. Their mean gestational age at birth was 27.8 ± 1.6 weeks (range 24–30 weeks). The control group consisted of 40 healthy children born with normal birth weight (>2500u2009g). The neuromotor function was assessed using Touwen neurological examination criteria. During the examination, the attention was focused on the hand preference, laterality, synkinesis, and asymmetry. In addition, childrens weight, height, and BMI index were measured. Results Premature children showed much worse results than full-term ones in hand function (p < 0,001). They obtained the best results in paper tearing while crossing the body midline turned out to be the most difficult. Considering the quality of walking, the biggest difficulty for the premature children was to walk backwards along the straight line while during normal walking they showed the best results. The results for the muscle tone subcategory in the study group were also significantly worse than those in control group (p < 0,001), as well as the total outcome for the movement coordination and diadochokinesis subcategories (p < 0,001). Conclusion The nondisabled, prematurely born children have significantly lower average outcomes regarding hand function, quality of walking, muscle tone, coordination, and diadochokinesis at age of six to seven, compared to the full-term peers.

The Assessment of Static Balance in Patients after Total Hip Replacement in the Period of 2-3 Years after Surgery

Introduction The aim of this study was to assess static balance of patients after Total Hip Replacement (THR) compared with the age-matched, asymptomatic control group, considering the subjects gender and the time since the surgery. Materials and Methods The Total Hip Replacement (THR) group consisted of 55 subjects (mean age: 56.3 ± 8.7 years) and the control group consisted of 48 subjects (mean age: 58 ± 6.2 years). For the assessment of static balance, a stabilometric force platform was used. All subjects performed two 30-second trials in the double-leg stance position with eyes opened and closed. In the study group, the stabilometric assessment was performed once within the period of 24 to 36 months after the surgery. Results Subjects from the study group had significantly increased mediolateral COP velocity in the test with eyes opened, as well as the values of most of the COP parameters (excluding COP path area) in the test with eyes closed, compared to the control group. Higher values of the selected COP parameters were observed in the male subjects from the study group. Conclusion In contrast to a number of papers, our study revealed some deficits in static balance in patients after THR up to 2-3 years after surgery.

The Influence of Body Mass Composition on the Postural Characterization of School-Age Children and Adolescents

Introduction In recent years a significant increase in the percentage of children with postural problems has been observed. It is necessary to focus on preventing the phenomenon and on analysis of existing postural defects. Aim The aim of this work was to assess the potential relationship between body mass composition and body posture in school-age children. Material and Methods 464 school-age children ranging from 6 to 16 years (234 boys and 230 girls) were qualified for the study. Body mass composition was assessed using the analyzer Tanita MC 780 MA. Assessment of body posture was performed using Zebris system. All the results were analyzed with statistical methods. The accepted level of significance was p<0.05. Results Analyses of the disparities between the girls and the boys showed statistically significant differences in all of the body mass components and in obliquity of the pelvis/shoulder. The boys were characterized by higher contents of muscle tissue (p<0.001), bone tissue (p<0.001), fatless tissue (p<0.001), and body water (p<0.001) as well as a greater obliquity angle (p=0.018). The girls, on the other hand, were found with higher content of fatty tissue (p<0.001). The children with lower content of muscle tissue (p=0.030), fatless tissue (p=0.030), water (p=0.030), and higher content of fatty tissue measured in kg (p=0.027) were characterized by greater pelvic obliquity. Conclusion The current study shows evidence that sex, as a strongly differentiating factor, determines body mass composition and the occurrence of suboptimal postures only in the pelvic area. Body mass composition differentiates body posture of the study group. The content of fatty tissue influences the occurrence of suboptimal postures in the scapula and pelvic area in the frontal plane. The content of muscle tissue is associated with faulty postures in the scapula and pelvic area in the frontal plane.

Selected Factors Against Functional Performance in Patients in the Early Period After Stroke

The main objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of selected clinical factors on functional performance in 693 patients in the early period after stroke. The level of functional performance of each patient was evaluated twice (before and after 4 weeks of rehabilitation) using the short version of the Barthel Index. A comprehensive 4-week rehabilitation program significantly improved the functional performance of stroke survivors (P = .0001). There was no significant relationship between functional improvement and age (P = .3800), sex (P = .4085), type of stroke (P = .7498), and side of paresis (P = .1573).