João Batista Buzato

Influence of carbon source and the fermentation process on levan production by Zymomonas mobilis analyzed by the surface response method.

3) was used to analyze the effects of the type and concentration of the substrate, as well as the batch and fed batch processes. A complete second factorial design (2 2 ) was used to observe the importance of sugar cane juice. The results indicated that the batch process improved the levan production reaching 40.14 g/L. The addition of sugar cane juice was not statistically significant for levan formation, however sugar cane juice stimulated biomass, sorbitol and ethanol production. The best medium for levan production was 150 g/L sucrose in batch.

Effect of raffinose and ultrasound pulses on invertase release by free and immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae in loofa (Luffa cylindrica) sponge

ABSTRACT This study investigated the effect of raffinose and ultrasound pulses on invertase release from free S. cerevisiae and S. cerevisiae immobilized in Luffa cylindrica . The free cell culture was submitted to 2% raffinose pulse and irradiated for 2 minutes at 0.12 and 0.46 h -1 dilution rates. The immobilized cell culture was submitted to raffinose pulse and irradiated for 1, 2 and 4 minutes, at 0.10 h -1 dilution rate. In immobilized cells, the raffinose pulse increased the invertase activity from 5.38 to 7.27 U/mg. Ultrasound application in free cell culture at the 0.12 h -1 dilution rate gave the best results. The activity varied from 25.08 to 29.38 U/mg while the increase in immobilized cells was from 5.22 to 9.70 U/mg when sonicated for two minutes. These results showed that ultrasound application in continuous culture could have great potential for application in biotechnological techniques. Key words: Immobilization, invertase, Luffa cylindrica, raffinose, Saccharomyces cerevisiae , ultrasound

Effect of the presence of initial ethanol on ethanol production in sugar cane juice fermented by Zymomonas mobilis

Ethanol production in sugar cane juice in high initial sugar concentration, fermented by Z. mobilis in the presence and absence of ethanol, was evaluated. Ethanol production was low in both media. The presence of initial ethanol in the sugar cane juice reduced ethanol production by 48.8%, biomass production by 25.0% and the total sugar consumption by 28.3%. The presence of initial ethanol in the medium did not affect significantly levan production and biomass yield coefficient (g biomass/g sugar consumed).

Sugar cane juice fermentation by Zymomonas mobilis CP4 subjected to inhibition by ethanol and high initial concentration of substrate

Sugar cane juice fermentation by Z. mobilis CP4 subject to stress by ethanol and high concentration of sucrose was investigated. Supplementation with saponifiable portion of soybean oil deodourising destillate (SOD) at 5; 10 and 15 mL/L.The ethanol production resulted values of 15.91; 16.99 and 15.63 g/L respectively. Values of Yp/s 0.35; 0.36 and 0.37 were achieved, which represented 20.69; 24.14 and 27.59% respectively higher when unsupplemented medium fermentation was carried out.

Influência do PH Inicial do Caldo de Cana-de-Açúcar na Produção de Levana por Zymomonas Mobilis ATCC 31821

The influence of initial pH of sugar cane juice in high concentration was investigated for levan production by Zymomonas mobilis. In the initial pH of medium of 5.4; 5.9 and 6..3 the levan concentration achieved 1.66; 2.54 and 3.83 g/L, respectively, in 48 hours of fermentation. The final levan concentration in the initial pH of 6.3 and 5.9 increased 130 and 53% when compared to concentration at initial pH 5.4 in the medium. The levan yield at pH 5.9 was 87.5% and at pH 6.3 was 162.5% superior in relation to that obtained at initial pH 5.4.

Produção de ácido lático por Lactobacillus curvatus, em fermentação contínua, utilizando melaço de cana- de-açúcar previamente tratado com invertase

A atividade fisica desportiva se diferencia das demais pelos gestos proprios, distintos entre as diversas tarefas diarias, que devem advir de um perfeito conhecimento da estrutura do movimento, objetivando sua otimizacao. A base desta estrutura esta no sistema neuromuscular humano. O movimento e consequencia direta da funcao contratil muscular, que transforma energia quimica em mecânica, possibilitando o movimento de determinadas partes do corpo humano ou do corpo como um todo. O organismo humano possui em sua constituicao um numero aproximado de 430 musculos esqueleticos, distribuidos em todas as regioes do corpo. O musculo e composto por fibras, que sao constituidas por filamentos de actina e miosina. Durante a contracao muscular, ocorre o deslizamento dos filamentos de actina sobre os de miosina. O sinal para contracao do musculo esqueletico inicia-se a partir de um impulso eletrico, a partir de um nervo, e e seguido por uma mudanca quimica na celula muscular e pela contracao, um processe mecânico.Com o objetivo de determinar dados mais reais sobre a Anatomia Comparativa, de forma contribuir em cirurgias e nos estudos anatomicos e fisiologicos de animais domesticos, encontrou-se que a posicao da pelve renal no hilo renal, bem como suas dimensoes, forma ou tipo representam dados de extrema importância em cirurgias e na anatomia do desenvolvimento. Na literatura classica, encontram-se fotos referentes aos tipos de pelve (Dyce ET AL., 1990; Getty, 1981; Lesbre , 1923; Schwarze & Schoder, 1972; Testut & Jacob, 1944; Zimmerl et AL,. 1930), mas nada referente a sua posicao. Foram analisados 40 rins de suinos (20 de cada sexo), adultos, com raca nao definida. O material foi fixado em solucao aquosa de formal a 10% por 48 horas, dissecado e orientado com a metade da regiao dos rins dividida por duas perpendiculares interceptadas ao meio, separando o hilo em quatro quadrates. A disposicao topografica da pelve obedece a esta divisao, alem das disposicoes hilar e extrahilar. Resultados e conclusoes: 1- numero de quadrantes ocupados da pelve renal: a) em 4 quadrantes: 16 casos (40%),b) em 3 quadrantes: 4 casos (10%),c) em 2 quadrantes : 19 casos(47,5%)d) em 1 quadrante: 1 peca (2,5%).2 – posicao da pelve renal no hilo :a) hilar em 40 rins (100%).3 – Orientacao especial da pelve renal :a) vertical em 23rins (57,5%) e,b) obliquo em 17 rins (42,5%).

Optimization of the production of α-L-rhamnosidase by Aspergillus niger in solid state fermentation using agro-industrial residues.

ABSTRACT The enzyme α-L-rhamnosidase specifically cleaves terminal rhamnose residues from awide variety of natural products. This property endows this enzyme with importantbiotechnological potential as L-rhamnosidase could be employed in a variety ofapplications, including removing bitterness from citrus fruit juices, improving the aroma ofwines and converting clinically important steroids. This work optimized α-L-rhamnosidasesolid-state fermentation production from Aspergillus niger 426 using statistical methods.Firstly, a statistical mixture-design with three components to determine the best ratio ofnutrients for enzyme production was carried out. The optimal conditions consisted ofgrowing the fungi in media containing 0.14 g of cane sugar bagasse, 1.25 g of soybeanhulls and 3.05 g of rice straw; these conditions achieved a maximum α-L-rhamnosidaseactivity of 1.92 U / mL. Next, a 3² Box-Behnken design to optimize culture moisture levelsand nutrient solution pH values for enzyme production was carried out. α-L-rhamnosidaseactivity increased to 3.02 U / mL when medium moisture was 75.5% and pH value of4.0.Original Research Article