John C. Byrne

Knowledge networks in new product development projects: a transactive memory perspective

Even though an individuals knowledge network is known to contribute to the effectiveness and efficiency of his or her work in groups, the way that network building occurs has not been carefully investigated. In our study, activities of new product development teams were analyzed to determine the antecedents and consequences on the transactive memory systems, the moderating affect of task complexity was also considered. We examined 69 new product development projects and found that team stability, team member familiarity, and interpersonal trust had a positive impact on the transactive memory system and also had a positive influence on team learning, speed-to-market, and new product success. Further, we found that the impact of the transactive memory system on team learning, speed-to-market, and new product success was higher when there was a higher task complexity. Theoretical and managerial implications of the study findings are discussed.

Organizational unlearning as changes in beliefs and routines in organizations

Purpose – Organizational learning and unlearning is a popular and important topic in business as well as academia. Even though there is a plethora of studies on organizational learning, surprisingly little is known about the conceptualization and operationalization of organizational unlearning. The purpose of this paper is to discuss organizational unlearning based on the organizational change and memory literature enhancing the organizational learning and change scholarship.Design/methodology/approach – It is argued that unlearning is conceptualized as organizational memory eliminating, and is operationalized as changing beliefs and routines covariates in organizations. This is followed with a discussion of unlearning types, specifically, reinventive, formative, operative and adjustive, which are contingent on the environmental conditions. Finally, future research suggestions are proposed to leverage understanding on unlearning in the literature.Findings – Shows that organizations first need to unlearn e...

Organizational Learning: A Socio-Cognitive Framework

Organizational learning is a popular topic in business and academia and attracts many researchers and practitioners from different fields. Even though organizational learning scholarship is still growing, there are few studies that cross-fertilize social cognition and organizational learning. This investigation examines organizational learning from the perspective of social cognition. It is argued that social cognition explains the organizational learning process better by integrating fragmented studies on the processes of learning, and the study proposes that organizational learning is an outcome of reciprocal interactions of the processes of information/knowledge acquisition, information/knowledge dissemination, information/knowledge implementation, sensemaking, memory, thinking, unlearning, intelligence, improvisation, and emotions - connected by organizational culture. In addition, the implications of social cognition on organizational learning are discussed.

Antecedents and consequences of team potency in software development projects

Developing new software quickly, successfully, and at low cost is critical in organizations. Ways of assessing the effectiveness of development teams has highlighted measures of factors, such as teamwork, group cohesiveness, and team integration, but the use of group potency theory (the collective belief of a group that it can be effective) is rare. In our study, we investigated antecedents of and consequences to group potency in software development project teams. By examining 53 software development project teams collected from small and medium-sized software firms in Turkey, we found, that team potency positively affected speed-to-market, development cost, and market success of the product. We also found that trust among project team members, past experiences of the members, and team empowerment had a positive impact on the team potency during the project. Managerial and theoretical implications are discussed.

Organizational Intelligence: A Structuration View

Organizational intelligence is a popular topic in business and academia and attracts many researchers and practitioners from different fields. Even though organizational intelligence scholarship is still growing, there are a few studies that unify the fragmented views on organizational intelligence. In this conceptual paper, we investigate organizational intelligence from the perspective of Giddens’s structuration theory. We argue that a structuration view of organization intelligence removes the individual/organization level intelligence dichotomy, and integrates fragmented studies on the epistemology of intelligence, e.g., cognitive, behavioral and social/emotional. Furthermore, we propose a few hypotheses to show on how structuration theory forms a more comprehensive understanding of intelligence in organizations. Finally, we discuss the managerial applications of structuration theory on organizational intelligence.

Taking the guesswork out of new product development: how successful high‐tech companies get that way

The authors report on their findings from an ongoing seven‐year research project on the intersection of entrepreneurship, marketing and technology. The focus of their research is to identify factors that lead to better, faster and less expensive new product and service development. The present study investigates new product development practices in high‐technology small‐to‐medium enterprises (SMEs), including electronics and computer, biotechnology, military software, space, and electronic machinery companies. Gathering data from 60 new product development projects, the authors found that successful project teams perform certain practices better than unsuccessful ones. These include project visioning, process proficiency, management support, documentation systems, established project deadlines, team processes, and communication. Further, the authors identified critical success factors in the new product development projects as process proficiency, effective filing system, an established project deadline, information coding, and reduced formal communication within teams.

Organizational emotional memory

Purpose – As a fascinating concept, the term of organizational memory attracted many researchers from a variety of disciplines. In particular, the content of organizational memory, which involves declarative and procedural memory, found broad research interest in the management literature. Nevertheless, there is sparse research in the management literature on the emotional content aspect of organizational memory. Emotional memory is a less obvious aspect of the organizational memory and should be conceptualized, defined and investigated to enhance the literature on the organizational memory. The purpose of this study is to: define and establish the characteristics of organizational emotional memory; discuss the process of emotional memory in organizations such as how emotional memory can be developed and retrieved, and where it can be stored in organizations; and develop arguments regarding the roles of emotional memory in organizations to enhance the current theory on organizational memory.Design/methodo...

The moderating role of environmental dynamism between firm emotional capability and performance

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the impact of a firms emotional capability on its performance by considering the environmental dynamism, and to enhance the literature on organizational change and competencies.Design/methodology/approach – The study involves a questionnaire‐based survey of managers and employees from a variety of firms operating in Turkey. A total of 356 surveys from 112 firms were received and subjected to moderated multiple hierarchical regression analyses.Findings – The results show that firm emotional capability, which involves the dynamics of encouragement, displaying freedom, playfulness, experiencing, reconciliation, and identification constructs, has a significant effect on the firms financial performance and organizational effectiveness. Further, that the relationship between emotional capability and firm performance was influenced by the environmental dynamism including changes in industry, competition and consumer.Research limitations/implications – This study only scratc...