John Gordon Thomson

Fish as the Source of Certain Coccidia Recently Described as Intestinal Parasites of Man

and normal saline into the bronchi. In the next year they also published an analysis of cases.of pulmonary abscesses; including those which were complicated with bronchitis. Ewart Martin (Edinburgh), in 1824, published his experiences of bronchoscopy in relation to lung diseases, and gave results of treatment, some cases lhaving extended over one and a half years. Howarth, in 1925, published, in association with Cassidy, a case of abscess of the lung and bronchiectasis treated by bronchoscopic aspiration and lavage. Owing to successive researches and inventions, these methods have now become much simplified, and are part of the usual routine of the laryngologist. Success in this country has been largely associated with becoming accustomed to using the largest endoscopic tubes which can be safely employed in each case. Endobronchial therapy now offers a wide and expandinig field for further research work.

Some Experiments on Cold-Chamber Treatment.

days. He always took his food well, consequently his motions were very large. He constantly passed his urine in bed, and seemed to have very little control over the acts of micturition and defaecation. Having recovered from his first attack of diarrhoea, and the abdominal distension having returned, the patient remained in the same condition for about eighteen months, when he developed a second attack of diarrhoea and vomiting, the distension again disappearing, only to return in a couple of days when the diarrhoea had ceased. It was noted that he did not feel so well until he regained his distended condition. He now remained in his usual health for about nine months and then began to get gradually worse. His abdomen became enormously distended, absolutely tense and of highly glazed appearance. This stage lasted about three or four months. Finally breathing became so difficult and the hearts action s8 much impeded that he died. There was also severe vomiting before death. The condition was diagnosed independently by several of his medical attendants as idiopathic dilatation of the colon. Necropsy. A post-mortem examination was performed, when the following pathological c:nditions were noticed: There was great oedema of the legs and scrotum, the abdomen being distended to an extreme degree. On opening the latter the small intestine immediately bulged out; and on extending the incision, a quantity of pale greenish fluid flowed out of the abdominal cavity. The alimentary tract from rectum to stomach was greatly dilated and contained practically nothing but gas. Dilatation was greatest in the descending and transverse colon. Commencing at the sigmoid flexure, it rapidly increased so that the lumen of the descending colon measured about four times its normal diameter after being deflated. At the splenic flexure the bowel was constricted, and dilatation again occurred in the transverse colon, which was between three and four times its normal diameter. Another constriction was found at the hepatic flexure, and the bowel again became dilated. Dilatation, however, was not nearly so extreme in the ascending colon and caecum. The appendix was normal. The small intestine and stomach ware considerably diotended and filled with gas. The diaphragm w&s abnormally high and arched, the liver small, nodular, and freely movable, and showed some fatty degeneration. The spleen was normal in appearance; the kidneys showed some congestion and interstitial changes. The heart was markedly displaced upwards and very small; the valves appeared healthy, but the pericardium contained excess of fluid. The lungs were pushed upwards, but appeared healthy.

(C) The action of the urine of a human patient treated with “Bayer 205” on an infection of Trypanosoma rhodesiense in an experimental animal

Summary Five days after inoculation the rat showed a heavy infection of trypanosomes in its blood. Six days after inoculation the rat was given 0·5 c.c. urine, taken after the patient had been given the last 2 grammes of “Bayer 205” of a course of seven injections, in which 14 grammes were administered altogether. Trypanosomes could not be found in the rats blood for two days after. Four days after the last dose of “Bayer 205” the rat got 0·5 c.c.c urine, but this failed to cause the disappearance of the trypanosomes. Six days after the last dose of the drug, 0·75 c.c. urine were given to the rat, and this removed the trypanosomes for eight days. Eighteen days after the final dose the rat got 1 c.c. of the urine. Twenty days after a further dose of 1 c.c. was given. These two doses, on the 18th and 20th days respectively, caused the disappearance of the parasites for five days. Twenty-eight days after the last dose of the “Bayer 205,” 1 c.c. of the patients urine caused disappearance of the trypanosomes for one day only. Forty days after inoculation with the trypanosome the rat died.