John L. Chruma

Electrolytic Reductive Coupling XX. Mixed Reductive Couplings with Acrylonitrile Reductions at the Cathode Voltage Required for the More Difficultly Reduced Partner

Acrylonitrile has been reductively coupled with acetone, styrene, 1,1‐di‐phenylethylene, benzophenone, and benzaldehyde. When the reduction is carried out at the cathode voltage required for the more difficultly rather than the more easily reduced partner (a) current efficiencies for the mixed products are increased, (b) couplings which otherwise fail can occur, (c) by‐product polymer formation may be suppressed, and (d) when either of two by‐product hydrodimers must be accepted, the more useful one may be chosen.

THE EVOLUTION OF NYLON PLASTICS IN U.S. AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS

The use of nylon plastics in the U.S. automotive industry has grown from tentative beginnings in a few gears and knobs to a multi-million pound business which places highly specialized engineered resins into virtually every area of a modern vehicle. The keys to this spectacular growth have been nylons basic properties which allowed replacement of metals and other materials with a substance that offered superior performance, and by nylons ability to be adapted and modified to meet ever changing and increasing performance demands.