John Lewis

A Reading Attitude Inventory for Elementary School Pupils.

The item development, reliability, and validity of a scale to measure attitude toward reading among elementary school pupils are described. Results suggest that this scale will yield accurate and valid indications of reading attitude for third, fourth, and fifth-grade pupils.

A Pictorial Attitude Scale for Elementary Pupils

The Childrens Pictorial Attitude Scale was developed to provide a nonverbal measure of childrens attitudes toward elementary school. The scale was developed by identifying areas of activities and drawing pictures representing these areas. The children are instructed to respond according to how they would feel if they were in one of these picture situations. The scale yielded a split-half reliability coefficient of .69 from 607 pupils in grades 1-6. Scores on the scale have discriminated among pupils in the six grade levels.

The Relationship Between Selected Personality Traits and Self-Esteem Among Female Nursing Students

For a sample of 75 female senior nursing students, responses to the need scales of the Adjective Check List (ACL) were correlated with Total P Scores from the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale. The measure of self-esteem exhibited statistically significant correlation coefficients of .30 (p < .02), .39 (p < .01), and .34 (p < .01) with the ACL scales of Endurance, Nurturance, and Affiliation. Statistically significant negative coefficients of -.31 (p < .01), and -.51 (p < .01) were found for the ACL scales of Aggression and Succorance.

The Relationship Between Academic Aptitude and Occupational Success for a Sample of University Graduates

The academic aptitude at the time of admission to college and level of occupation later in life were collected for 619 male college graduates. The statistically significant relationship indicated that the graduates with higher aptitude scores as compared with those with lower scores were more likely to report higher level occupations.

The Relationship Between Attitude Toward Reading and Reading Success

For a sample of 149 third, fourth, and fifth grade pupils, scores from a reading attitude inventory correlated .17 (p < .05) with combined scores on the subtests of Reading in the Metropolitan Achievement Tests. Although statistically significant, this finding suggests that the inventory did not reflect an attitudinal construct that was a major factor in reading success for the sample studied.

A Study of the Validity of the Metropolitan Readiness Tests

This was a validity study for the Metropolitan Readiness Test. The subjects were 40 pupils who had just completed the kindergarten. The criteria were Lee-Clark scores and teacher ratings. These criteria measures were obtained following completion of the first grade. The validity coefficient was .67 with Lee-Clark scores and .61 with teacher ratings.

The Relationship of Selected Variables to Achievement and Persistence in a Masters Program in Business Administration

The variables selected for investigation were (1) number of undergraduate semester hours in business, (2) grade point average (GPA) in undergraduate business courses, (3) cumulative undergraduate GPA, (4) Graduate Study in Business Test verbal and quantitative scores, (5) type of undergraduate college, and (6) type of undergraduate major. The Graduate Study in Business Test, which is published by the Educational Testing Service, is currently being used by most graduate schools of business as an aptitude measure. Type of undergraduate college was classified into state universities in Iowa, private colleges in Iowa, state colleges or state universities outside Iowa, and private colleges outside Iowa. Type of undergraduate major was classified into business, social studies, biological science, physical science or mathematics, and engineering.

The Relationship between College Grades and Three Factors of Adult Achievement

For a random sample of 575 selected from a pool of 5,000 graduates of Winona State University who returned a completed survey schedule, grades earned as undergraduates were related to three adult behaviors seen as relevant to the generalized goals of a liberal education. These elements of alumni achievement were quality of vocational achievement, acceptance of responsibility in social groups, and further intellectual development. The only significant finding was an inverse relationship with involvement in community activities among males. These results were discussed with those found from University of Iowa graduates.

The Relationship of Cognitive Abilities Scores with Social Studies Achievement

For a sample of 219 elementary school pupils in the fifth grade, intercorrelations were investigated among four subtest measures: (a) Metropolitan Achievement Test (MAT)—Social Studies, (b) Cognitive Abilities Test (CAT)—Verbal, (c) CAT—Quantitative, and (d) CAT—Non—Verbal. The CAT Verbal score yielded the highest correlation of .73 with the MAT measure.

Predicting Achievement in an Upper-Division Bachelor's Degree Nursing Major

A study of the correlations between objective background variables and achievement in an upper-division bachelors degree program in nursing revealed significant correlations for grade point average in required college pre-nursing courses, grade point average in elective college pre-nursing courses, and rank in high school graduating class. The results of a multiple regression analysis showed that grade point average in required pre-nursing courses was the only variable to yield a significant regression weight.