John M. Rosene

Comparison of Concussion Rates Between NCAA Division I and Division III Men’s and Women’s Ice Hockey Players

Background: Examinations related to divisional differences in the incidence of sports-related concussions (SRC) in collegiate ice hockey are limited. Purpose: To compare the epidemiologic patterns of concussion in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) ice hockey by sex and division. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: A convenience sample of men’s and women’s ice hockey teams in Divisions I and III provided SRC data via the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program during the 2009-2010 to 2014-2015 academic years. Concussion counts, rates, and distributions were examined by factors including injury activity and position. Injury rate ratios (IRRs) and injury proportion ratios (IPRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to compare concussion rates and distributions, respectively. Results: Overall, 415 concussions were reported for men’s and women’s ice hockey combined. The highest concussion rate was found in Division I men (0.83 per 1000 athlete-exposures [AEs]), followed by Division III women (0.78/1000 AEs), Division I women (0.65/1000 AEs), and Division III men (0.64/1000 AEs). However, the only significant IRR was that the concussion rate was higher in Division I men than Division III men (IRR = 1.29; 95% CI, 1.02-1.65). The proportion of concussions from checking was higher in men than women (28.5% vs 9.4%; IPR = 3.02; 95% CI, 1.63-5.59); however, this proportion was higher in Division I women than Division III women (18.4% vs 1.8%; IPR = 10.47; 95% CI, 1.37-79.75). The proportion of concussions sustained by goalkeepers was higher in women than men (14.2% vs 2.9%; IPR = 4.86; 95% CI, 2.19-10.77), with findings consistent within each division. Conclusion: Concussion rates did not vary by sex but differed by division among men. Checking-related concussions were less common in women than men overall but more common in Division I women than Division III women. Findings highlight the need to better understand the reasons underlying divisional differences within men’s and women’s ice hockey and the need to develop concussion prevention strategies specific to each athlete population.

Concussion Incidence in United States High School Boys’ Ice Hockey, 2008/09-2015/16 School Years: 89 Board #3 May 30 9

87 Board #1 May 30 9:30 AM 11:30 AM Risk Of Concussion By Sex And Activity In U.S. Service Academy Cadets Kenneth L. Cameron, Megan N. Houston, Kathryn L. O’Connor, Karen Y. Peck, Steven J. Svoboda, Tim Kelly, C. Dain Allred, Darren E. Campbell, Christopher J. D’Lauro, Jonathan C. Jackson, Brian R. Johnson, Gerald T. McGinty, Patrick G. O’Donnell, Paul Pasquina, Thomas McAllister, Michael McCrea, Steven P. Broglio, FACSM. United States Military Academy, West Point, NY. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO. United States Coast Guard Academy, New London, CT. Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD. Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN. Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI. (Sponsor: Steven P Broglio, FACSM) (No relevant relationships reported)

The Effects of 3 versus 7 Days of Creatine Supplementation on Intramuscular Creatine and Thermoregulation in the Heat

The Effects of 3 versus 7 Days of Creatine Supplementation on Intramuscular Creatine and Thermoregulation in the Heat Many thermoregulation studies associated with creatine supplementation have utilized a pre/post-supplementation protocol. Additionally, investigations have not measured intramuscular creatine (MCR) levels to ensure increases in MCR while examining thermoregulation. The aim of this investigation was to determine the effects of 3 and 7 d of creatine supplementation (0.3 g.kg.d-1 total body weight) on MCR and thermoregulation while exercising in the heat. Ten subjects participated in two thermoregulation sessions following 3 and 7 d of creatine supplementation. Subjects ran for 60 min at 65-70% of VO2max in the heat (temp = 32.85 + 0.91°C; hum = 17.10 + 3.50%). Pre- and post-test exercise measures included nude body weight (NBW), urine specific gravity (USG), serum creatinine levels (SCR), and MCR. Total body water (TBW), extracellular water (ECW), and intracellular water (ICW) were measured preexercise. Core temperature (Tc) was assessed at 5 min intervals during exercise. Regardless of condition, Tc was not significantly different (p ≥ 0.05) from 0-5 min after which Tc increased throughout exercise. There was no significant difference or interaction (p ≥ 0.05) for TBW, ECW, and ICW. NBW was greater (p<0.05) preexercise versus post exercise for both conditions. There was no significant difference or interaction (p ≥ 0.05) between conditions for SCR.

The Effects Of Creatine Supplementation On Thermoregulation And Isokinetic Muscular Performance Following Acute (3-day) Supplementation: 1904

AIM The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of 3 d of creatine supplementation on thermoregulation and isokinetic muscular performance. METHODS Fourteen males performed two exercise bouts following 3 d of creatine supplementation and placebo. Subjects exercised for 60 min at 60-65% of VO2max in the heat followed by isokinetic muscular performance at 60, 180, and 300°·s(-1). Dependent variables for pre- and postexercise included nude body weight, urine specific gravity, and serum creatinine levels. Total body water, extracellular water and intracellular water were measured pre-exercise. Core temperature was assessed every 5 min during exercise. Peak torque and Fatigue Index were used to assess isokinetic muscular performance. RESULTS Core temperature increased during the run for both conditions. Total body water and extracellular water were significantly greater (P<0.05) following creatine supplementation. No significant difference (P>0.05) was found between conditions for intracellular water, nude body weight, urine specific gravity, and serum creatinine. Pre-exercise scores for urine specific gravity and serum creatinine were significantly less (P<0.05) versus post-exercise. No significant differences (P>0.05) were found in peak torque values or Fatigue Index between conditions for each velocity. A significant (P<0.05) overall velocity effect was found for both flexion and extension. As velocity increased, mean peak torque values decreased. CONCLUSION Three d of creatine supplementation does not affect thermoregulation during submaximal exercise in the heat and is not enough to elicit an ergogenic effect for isokinetic muscle performance following endurance activity.