John S. Wittenborn

The Cost-effectiveness, Health Benefits, and Financial Costs of New Antiviral Treatments for Hepatitis C Virus

BACKGROUND New hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatments deliver higher cure rates with fewer contraindications, increasing demand for treatment and healthcare costs. The cost-effectiveness of new treatments is unknown. METHODS We conducted a microsimulation of guideline testing followed by alternative treatment regimens for HCV among the US population aged 20 and older to estimate cases identified, treated, sustained viral response, deaths, medical costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of different treatment options expressed as discounted lifetime costs and benefits from the healthcare perspective. RESULTS Compared to treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin (PR), and a protease inhibitor for HCV genotype (G) 1 and PR alone for G2/3, treatment with PR and Sofosbuvir (PRS) for G1/4 and treatment with Sofosbuvir and ribavirin (SR) for G2/3 increased QALYs by 555 226, reduced deaths by 80 682, and increased costs by

The Economic Burden of Vision Loss and Eye Disorders among the United States Population Younger than 40 Years

26.2 billion at an ICER of

Cost-Effectiveness of Hepatitis B Vaccination in Adults With Diagnosed Diabetes

47 304 per QALY gained. As compared to PRS/SR, treating with an all oral regimen of Sofosbuvir and Simeprevir (SS) for G1/4 and SR for G2/3, increased QALYs by 1 110 451 and reduced deaths by an additional 164 540 at an incremental cost of

Cost-Effectiveness of Screening for Microalbuminuria among African Americans

80.1 billion and an ICER of

The burden of hepatitis C to the United States Medicare system in 2009: Descriptive and economic characteristics.

72 169. In sensitivity analysis, where treatment with SS effectiveness was set to the list price of Viekira Pak and then Harvoni, treatment cost

Public Attitudes About Eye and Vision Health

24 921 and

Economic Evaluation of a Home-Based Age-Related Macular Degeneration Monitoring System

25 405 per QALY gained as compared to PRS/SR. CONCLUSIONS New treatments are cost-effectiveness per person treated, but pent-up demand for treatment may create challenges for financing.

Potential epidemiologic, economic, and budgetary impacts of current rates of hepatitis C treatment in medicare and non-medicare populations

OBJECTIVE To estimate the economic burden of vision loss and eye disorders in the United States population younger than 40 years in 2012. DESIGN Econometric and statistical analysis of survey, commercial claims, and census data. PARTICIPANTS The United States population younger than 40 years in 2012. METHODS We categorized costs based on consensus guidelines. We estimated medical costs attributable to diagnosed eye-related disorders, undiagnosed vision loss, and medical vision aids using Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and MarketScan data. The prevalence of vision impairment and blindness were estimated using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. We estimated costs from lost productivity using Survey of Income and Program Participation. We estimated costs of informal care, low vision aids, special education, school screening, government spending, and transfer payments based on published estimates and federal budgets. We estimated quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) lost based on published utility values. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Costs and QALYs lost in 2012. RESULTS The economic burden of vision loss and eye disorders among the United States population younger than 40 years was

Turning Narrative Descriptions of Individual Behavior into Network Visualization and Analysis: Example of Terrorist Group Dynamics

27.5 billion in 2012 (95% confidence interval,

Establishing a Vision and Eye Health Surveillance System for the Nation: A Status Update on the Vision and Eye Health Surveillance System

21.5-