John T. Hultsman

The Purdue Stepped Approach Model A Heuristic Application to Health Counseling

This article presents an implementation strategy for health counseling based on the Purdue Stepped Approach Model (PM). The PM increases the intensity of interventions presented in a series. Selected issues in behavioral and health counseling that led to the development of the model, including cost-effectiveness, response of clients to treatment, and client commitment to and involvement in the therapeutic process, are discussed. A description of and empirical support for the PM are provided. Procedures and an example of the models application to health counseling are included. Several potential benefits of the stepped approach are also discussed.

The purdue stepped approach model: sequencing community and clinical interventions to reduce cardiovascular risk factors.

The Purdue Stepped Approach Model (PM) is applied to the reduction of cardiovascular risk factors. The PM is schema for service delivery that increases the intensity of interventions presented in a series. Community interventions are sequentially introduced followed by clinical programs. Benefits of community interventions and clinical programs are discussed which include target of a large number of people, optimal utilization of technology and human capital, responsiveness to individual differences, and increased likelihood of permanence of behavior change. Empirical support from community and clinical research are provided. The five steps of the model are described and an heuristic example is illustrated. The PM may expand the role of community health educators and may lead to the evolution of more inclusive means of delivering community and clinical health programs.

An empirical basis for determining the multidimensional structure of leisure.

Abstract To explain fully the structural nature of leisure, there is a need to use strategies that are both direct in approach and empirical in nature. This study examined such a strategy; its purpose was to illustrate a technique for analyzing the dimensionality of leisure. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) was used to develop a potential set of traits that are descriptive of leisure activities and multiple regression provided a means for a direct empirical assessment of this set of traits. It was concluded that (a) multidimensional scaling provides a useful tool for direct investigation of the structural nature of leisure, and (b) multiple regression can provide an empirical alternative to visual interpretations of the results.

Assessing the reliability of the measurement component of Neulinger's paradigm.

This study assessed the reliability of the “What Am I Doing” scale, the measurement component of Neulingers paradigm of leisure. The dimensions of importance to this paradigm are perceived freedom, intrinsic motivation, and positive affect. The study examined a sample (n = 43) of high school students ranging in age from 15 to 17. A two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures was used to assess reliability of the scale. Findings indicate that the scale provides a consistent measure of the dimensions of interest. Methodological considerations and implications for inquiries into the subjective nature of leisure are discussed.

Hunting satisfaction and reciprocal exchange: initial support from a lottery-regulated hunt

Abstract This study explores the satisfaction of 228 adults with hunting during a state‐regulated lottery hunt in which the day of the hunt was randomly assigned. An analysis of covariance indicated that cohorts, based on the day that subjects hunted, were significantly different with respect to satisfaction with the hunt (p < .037). The cohort with the greatest satisfaction was intermediate with regard to the ratio of number of deer harvested per day to number of hunters, although the mean differences were not statistically significant. It was concluded that reciprocal exchange, which is the interplay among factors associated with hunting, provides a framework for understanding hunter satisfaction. Suggestions for future research are also included to explore further the explanatory contributions of reciprocal exchange.

Primary meta-analysis in leisure research: results for Neulinger's 'What am I doing?' instrument.

This study presents a primary meta-analysis and describes differences in responses to constructs assessed by the measurement component of Neulingers paradigm of leisure. Five data sets, contribute...