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Dive into the research topics where John W. Farrington is active.

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Featured researches published by John W. Farrington.


Environmental Conservation | 1978

The Mussel Watch

Edward D. Goldberg; Vaughan T. Bowen; John W. Farrington; George R. Harvey; John H. Martin; Patrick L. Parker; Robert W. Risebrough; William Robertson; Eric Schneider; Eric Gamble

The levels of four sets of pollutants (heavy-metals, artificial radionuclides, petroleum components, and halogenated hydrocarbons), have been measured in U.S. coastal waters, using bivalves as sentinel organisms. The strategies of carrying out this programme are outlined and the results from the first years work are given. Varying degrees of pollution in U.S. coastal waters have been indicated by elevated levels of pollutants in the bivalves, which comprised certain species of mussels and oysters and were collected at over one hundred localities.


Environmental Science & Technology | 1983

U.S. "Mussel Watch" 1976-1978: an overview of the trace-metal, DDE, PCB, hydrocarbon and artificial radionuclide data.

John W. Farrington; Edward D. Goldberg; Robert W. Risebrough; John H. Martin; Vaughan T. Bowen

Data are presented for trace metals, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), aromatic hydrocarbons and /sup 239/ /sup 240/Pu in Mytilus edulis, M. californianus, and Crassostrea sp. collected in the US Mussel Watch program in 1976-1978 from 62 locations on the US east and west coasts. General similarities in geographical distributions of concentrations were present in all 3 years with at least an order of magnitude elevation of concentrations of Pb, PCBs, and fossil fuel hydrocarbons in bivalves sampled near the larger urban areas. Elevated Cd and /sup 239/ /sup 240/Pu concentrations in bivalves from the central California coast are apparently related to enrichments of Cd and nuclear weapons testing fallout /sup 239/ /sup 240/Pu in intermediate depth water of the North Pacific and upwelling of this water associated with the California Current system. Data have revealed no evidence of local or regional systematic elevations of environmental concentrations of /sup 239/ /sup 240/Pu as a result of effluent releases from nuclear power reactors.


Environmental Forensics | 2005

Combustion-Derived Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Environment—A Review

Ana Lúcia Lima; John W. Farrington; Christopher M. Reddy

Abstract Combustion processes are responsible for the vast majority of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that enter the environment. This review presents and discusses some of the factors that affect the production (type of fuel, amount of oxygen, and temperature) and environmental fate (physicochemical properties, biodegradation, photodegradation, and chemical oxidation) of combustion-derived PAHs. Because different combustion processes can yield similar assemblages of PAHs, apportionment of sources is often a difficult task. Several of the frequently applied methods for apportioning sources of PAHs in the environment are also discussed.


Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta | 1977

Hydrocarbons in western North Atlantic surface sediments

John W. Farrington; Bruce W. Tripp

High concentrations of hydrocarbons (500–3000 μg/g dry weight) together with a complex and wide molecular weight range of composition, and low 14C activity of δ14C = −833 ± 50%. strongly indicate that fossil fuel hydrocarbons make up the bulk of hydrocarbons in and near the New York Bight dump site areas. The composition and concentrations of hydrocarbons in Hudson Channel sediments suggest some transport of dump site hydrocarbons to areas in the channel midway to the edge of the continental shelf. Sediments at 16 stations in other areas of the continental shelf, continental slope and abyssal plain have hydrocarbon concentrations and compositions indicating that no more than 1 μg/g dry weight of fossil fuel hydrocarbons are present. N-alkanes from land sources were among the most predominant hydrocarbons in all samples except those in the New York Bight region. Their presence in abyssal plain surface sediments documents transport of some land derived organic matter to these deep ocean areas. Two 25-carbon cycloalkenes are among the more predominant hydrocarbons in continental shelf surface sediments except for the dump site areas. These two compounds are present in lower concentrations in slope sediments and are not detected in abyssal plain sediments.


Science | 1977

Sedimentary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: the historical record.

Ronald A. Hites; Robert E. Laflamme; John W. Farrington

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in three sections of a dated sediment core from Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, have been analyzed by gas chromatographic spectrometry. This historical information suggests that sedimentary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, at least at this location, result primarily from the anthropogenic combustion of fossil fuels.


Environmental Science & Technology | 1995

Sediment porewater partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in three cores from Boston harbor, massachusetts.

Susan E. McGroddy; John W. Farrington

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations were measured in sediments and porewaters isolated from three cores from Boston Harbor, MA. Measured porewater PAH concentrations were significantly lower than the concentrations predicted by two- and three-phase equilibrium partitioning models. We hypothesize that only a fraction of the measured sediment PAH concentrations was available to partition rapidly into sediment porewaters.


Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta | 1980

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an anoxic sediment core from the Pettaquamscutt River (Rhode Island, U.S.A.)

Ronald A. Hites; Robert E. Laflamme; John G. Windsor; John W. Farrington; Werner G. Deuser

Abstract Fifteen sections from an anoxic sediment core were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Two types of PAH were observed: (a) those from combustion sources such as pyrene and chrysene and (b) those from natural sources such as retene and perylene. The combustion PAH levels in core sections dated between 1900 and 1970 were much higher than in earlier sections; this indicated an anthropogenic origin of these PAH at this location. The perylene and retene core profiles show significant anomalies during the period 1850–1880. Organic carbon does not fluctuate markedly but δC-13 of organic carbon shows several unexplained excursions; one of which correlates with the perylene and retene anomalies.


Marine Pollution Bulletin | 2011

Organic micropollutants in marine plastics debris from the open ocean and remote and urban beaches

Hisashi Hirai; Hideshige Takada; Yuko Ogata; Rei Yamashita; Kaoruko Mizukawa; Mahua Saha; Charita Kwan; Charles J. Moore; Holly Gray; Duane Laursen; Erik R. Zettler; John W. Farrington; Christopher M. Reddy; Emily E. Peacock; Marc W. Ward

To understand the spatial variation in concentrations and compositions of organic micropollutants in marine plastic debris and their sources, we analyzed plastic fragments (∼10 mm) from the open ocean and from remote and urban beaches. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), alkylphenols and bisphenol A were detected in the fragments at concentrations from 1 to 10,000 ng/g. Concentrations showed large piece-to-piece variability. Hydrophobic organic compounds such as PCBs and PAHs were sorbed from seawater to the plastic fragments. PCBs are most probably derived from legacy pollution. PAHs showed a petrogenic signature, suggesting the sorption of PAHs from oil slicks. Nonylphenol, bisphenol A, and PBDEs came mainly from additives and were detected at high concentrations in some fragments both from remote and urban beaches and the open ocean.


Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science | 1973

Petroleum hydrocarbons in Narragansett Bay: I. Survey of hydrocarbons in sediments and clams (Mercenaria mercenaria)

John W. Farrington; James G. Quinn

Abstract Analyses of hydrocarbons in surface sediments from eight stations and in clams (M. mercenaria) from three stations in Narrangansett Bay show that both contain a very complex mixture of hydrocarbons which is not present in clams from Charlestown Pond, a relatively unpolluted coastal pond. This complex mixture of hydrocarbons is present in crude oils and fuel oils, and it is not a likely product of recent biosynthesis by marine organisms. This suggests that the sediments and clams from the areas sampled in Narrangansett Bay are contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons. Sewage effluents and small oil spills are the most probable sources of the petroleum hydrocarbons.


Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers | 1984

Biogeochemistry of particulate organic matter in the oceans: results from sediment trap experiments

Stuart G. Wakeham; Cindy Lee; John W. Farrington; Robert B. Gagosian

Abstract Particulate organic matter collected in sediment traps from various oceanic regimes— Sargasso Sea, equatorial North Atlantic, central North Pacific, California Current, and Peru coastal upwelling—have been analyzed for their lipid and amino acid composition and flux. Despite rapid settling of the large particles through the water column and a relatively small depth gradient for total organic carbon flux, there are major changes in the composition and flux of lipids and amino acids associated with the particles. The rapid disappearance of the more labile compounds, such as amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids, with increasing depth indicates that the major sources of such compounds are in the upper part of the water column and that they are readily degraded as the particles sink. On the other hand, the intermittent appearance of large amounts of wax ester, along with the changing fatty acid composition of the particles, points to deep-water sources for some of these compounds.

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Bruce W. Tripp

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

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Robert B. Gagosian

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

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Alan C. Davis

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

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Cindy Lee

Stony Brook University

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James G. Quinn

University of Rhode Island

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John M. Teal

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

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Nelson M. Frew

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

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Stuart G. Wakeham

Skidaway Institute of Oceanography

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Mark A. McCaffrey

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

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Susan M. Henrichs

University of Alaska Fairbanks

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