Jolita Vveinhardt

Dynamics of Attack Actions in the Mobbing Strategy: The Case of Lithuania

The purpose of this research is to determine the occurrence and prevalence of different mobbing actions used against a victim in the context of Lithuanian organisations, taking into account the type of professional activity.A questionnaire was created for the purpose of the research. The reliability of the ques- tionnaire is demonstrated using indicators of the methodological quality of characteristics. The research revealed that in mobbing strategies, most bullying behaviour is interrelated and constructs a particular system, which is driven by insulting communication, defama- tion and isolation.The results draw the attention of managers of organisations to the nature of unethical communication and the need to protect dignity and reputation of employees and prevent mobbing and bullying.An original instrument was developed and used to interview mobbing and bullying vic- tims.

The questionnaire for diagnosing mobbing in employees’ relationships

The purpose of this article is to form the original questionnaire to identify intensity of the expression of mobbing in employees’ relationships. Mobbing in the context of the paper is the bullying of an individual by a group at the work place. The article presents only the statistical analysis of psychometric features of the formed questionnaire without elaborating on the results of the empirical research on the intensity of mobbing expression in employees’ relationships in Lithuanian organisations. The advantage of the questionnaire is that it is relatively short; however, it covers all features which are characteristic of the mobbing phenomenon and provides the opportunity to analyse the attack that does not fall under the definition of mobbing. It can be used both for mass and local research at the level of single organisations. Economic losses are also revealed by the questionnaire through the assessment of damage experienced by employees, generated expenses and lost revenues.

Comparative analysis of the researches on personal and organizational value congruence

This paper presents a comparative analysis of the researches on personal and organizational values congruence detailing their specifics in respect of countries, organizations, respondents and the instruments concerned. Empirical studies of the 1999–2012 period that considered personal and organizational values congruence have been selected for the sake of comparison. The biggest focus is on the analysis of diagnostic tools in order to specify their content and frequencies of usage.

Publish or perish: how Central and Eastern European economists have dealt with the ever-increasing academic publishing requirements 2000---2015

While “publish or perish” has been an integral part of academic research in Western countries for several decades, the phenomenon has made its way to Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) only recently. The current paper shows how publishing criteria in the field of economics and business have developed in seven CEE countries since 2000 and how economists have responded by altering their publishing behavior. The research indicates a dichotomous development: on one hand the annual number of Web of Science publications has increased by 317% between 2000 and 2015, economists distribute their works across a wider range of journals than before, they are more cited and the weighted average of impact factors of all journals where they publish has risen by 228%. On the other hand, however, a number of economists have chosen an opposite strategy and publish mostly in local or “predatory” journals. Recommendations for policy makers are provided on how to maximize the benefits and minimize negative impacts of the publishing criteria.

Management Culture as Part of Organizational Culture in the Context of Corporate Social Responsibility Implementation

IntroductionRelevance of the research. It is significant that the management culture in the organization not only guarantees the functionality of the processes, but also enables cultural innovation. Overall management culture improves the organization, simplifies and reduces the cost of management processes, determines the accuracy and consistency of work, increases labour discipline. Management culture is a key factor in the overall culture of the organization, acting directly on the organizations performance (Voronkova, 2006). In addition, management culture, as the way of realization of the main vital forces of the human, in the management activities determines the striving for managerial staff aims, encourages creativity, the expansion and deepening of existing knowledge, acquisition of new knowledge during communication, search for new ways and methods in management activities. Management culture stimulates activity, initiative and managerial staff responsibility for their actions and their consequences. This enables the achievement of the foreseen aims in a shorter period of time by planned or better economic effectiveness (Skibickaja, 2009). In addition, as stated by Melnikas (2008), in order to get to know better the processes of ongoing management and change of management culture in the modern world, it is appropriate to evaluate the circumstances affecting modern management, which reflect the effects of historical lifestyles and stereotypes occurring in management activities.Social responsibility is inevitably mentioned when analysing organizational culture profile and behaviour with subjects of external environment. As Vveinhardt and Andriukaitiene (2014a) state, a lack of integrity in the development of social responsibility of organizations, public authorities and the public pose such threats as: focusing of organizations only on marketing dimension of the corporate social responsibility and the rising disappointment with the idea of the corporate social responsibility with no immediate financial effect received; declarativity, when the values of the corporate social responsibility do not become part of organizational culture; ineffective use of both private and public resources (financial and human) to promote and implement corporate social responsibility ideas; excluding or removing employees (their representatives) as stakeholders from the process; disappointment of the public in the corporate social responsibility and insufficient rise of moral standards for the private and public sector organizations. The development of corporate social responsibility in the private equity sector is directly related to the development of corporate social responsibility values and standards in the public sector. It is, therefore, a particularly important period for the organizations preparing to become socially responsible and purposeful self-evaluation of their managerial activities.Research problem is presented through the questions: What is management culture, as part of formal organizational culture, expression order to implement corporate social responsibility? How, aiming to implement corporate social responsibility, is management culture to be assessed from the managers point of view?Problem investigation level. Management culture is not very abundant of scientific works, or simply it is generally referred to as organizational culture. All the more the authors of different countries, publishing their research in the native language, use the term of management culture rather differently. Even the definitions in scientific publications are rather controversial. Lithuanian scholar Zakarevicius (2004) in his analysis of organizational culture and organizational culture concepts states that if the concept organizational culture is replaced by the term management culture, the duplication and confusion of the terms cease to exist (p. 203). However, the author, having made such a proposal, raises the question, how to describe management culture? …

Intensity of nepotism expression in organizations of Lithuania

The results of the empirical research of the influence of nepotism on organisational culture are presented in the article. The questionnaire is composed of two parts: the phenomenon of nepotism and the sick culture of the organisation. This article presents the first part of the results of the research evaluating the expression of nepotism in relations with co-workers, the expression of nepotism in respect of managers and the aspects of positivity and negativity of nepotism. The results of this research are useful for both the public and private sector organisations, as they reflect the general approach of people working in Lithuanian organisations towards the phenomenon of nepotism.

Multivariate Granger causality between macro variables and KSE 100 index: evidence from Johansen cointegration and Toda & Yamamoto causality

Abstract The pursue of this article is to scrutinise the long-haul relationship between stock returns of the KSE 100 index and monetary indicators such as rate of exchange, inflation, and interest rates. Month-to-month data from the KSE 100 index and monetary variables were extracted for the period January 1992 to November 2015. We transformed the data series into a stationary form by employing the augmented Dickey–Fuller method. The Johansen cointegration approach reinforces the long-haul association between equity prices and monetary indicators, for instance the rate of exchange, inflation, and interest rates. Results of the Granger and Toda and Yamamoto causalities demonstrate the unidirectional causal relationship between interest rate and KSE 100 index; the one-way causation existed from interest rate to equity returns for the KSE100 index. The analysis of the impulse response function concludes that the changes in the KSE 100 index happened due to its own shocks. However, changes in exchange and inflation rates were experienced because of the interest rate. The outcome of variance decomposition demonstrated that most of the changes in the KSE 100 index are because of its own shocks. Thus, it is concluded that the predictability of the equity prices for the KSE 100 heavily relied on exchange rate, inflation, and interest rate variations.

Empirical analysis of stock returns and volatility: evidence from Asian stock markets

AbstractThe objective of this research isto measure and examine volatilities among important stock markets of Asia and to ascertain a causal relation between volatility and stock returns. For this purpose six markets KSE100 (Karachi, Pakistan), BSE Sensex (Mumbai, India), NIKKEI 225 (Tokyo, Japan), Hang Seng (Hong Kong), Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) (Shanghai, China) and KOSPI (Seoul, South Korea) were considered. Stock market indices comprise of daily data from the period January 2002 to December 2009. The graphical representation of time series shows the preliminary examination of stock behaviors. The analysis shows the high correlation and heteroskedastic trend (volatility) among the stock markets in selected time period. After preliminary analysis the formal descriptive method of mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation have been applied for measuring and ranking purposes. The results show that KOSPI has the highest average annual return of 12.67% and followed by BSE with 11.61%, whereas...

Intra-Industry Trade in the Visegrad Countries: Does the Linder Hypothesis Hold?

In 1961, Staffan Linder attacked mainstream trade economics by diverging from the generally accepted factor endowments theory and focusing on alternative explanations of why countries trade with each other. He was among the first economists to recognise the growing importance of intra-industry trade and presented his hypothesis that the more similar the per capita income levels of countries, the more they tend to trade with each other. This observation has since become one of the main pillars of modern trade theory. The present paper assesses the empirical validity of the Linder hypothesis in the Visegrad countries. Using a variant of the gravity model, it finds that when controlling for other factors, the Visegrad countries tend to trade more with countries with similar per capita income levels than with significantly richer or poorer countries. This observation is consistent with the Linder hypothesis. OLS regressions, Tobit regressions, and robustness checks all support the hypothesis.

An Empirical Analysis of Causal Relationship between Stock Prices and Real Sector of the Pakistani Economy

This paper determines the causal relationship between stock prices and the macroeconomic variables representing the real sector of the Pakistani economy. In order to substantiate the purpose annual data has been acquired from the websites of State Bank of Pakistan and Federal Bureau of Statistics, from the period of 1979 to 2013. Further to get the results Unit Root, Cointegration, Error correction model has been applied. Which indicate the presence of long term relation between stock prices and macroeconomic variables including gross domestic product (GDP), Consumption and Investment. Moreover, the result shows the existence of one-way causation between macroeconomic variables such as GDP, real consumption expenditure, and real investment expenditure. This one-way causation lead to the conclusion that the stock market of Pakistan is not developed to that extinct where it could influence GDP, real consumption expenditure, and real investment expenditure. Therefore, it is finally concluded that the stock market of Pakistan is not a leading indicator of any activity of economy.