Jonatas Batista Mattos

Natural and anthropic processes controlling groundwater hydrogeochemistry in a tourist destination in northeastern Brazil

The objective of this study was to analyze spatial-seasonal changes to identify the natural and anthropic processes that control groundwater hydrogeochemistry in urban aquifers in municipality of Lençóis (Bahia). Tourism is the main activity of this municipality, which is an important tourist destination in northeastern Brazil and which maintains its tourism infrastructure by using groundwater. Two field campaigns were conducted (dry and rainy seasons) in order to collect groundwater samples extracted from 15 tubular wells distributed over the urban area of the municipality. The Piper diagram, multivariate statistical analyses, and artificial neural networks indicated that there are two types of water (Na–Cl and Na–SO42

Geoenvironmental diagnostic of microwatershed Una river, South of Bahia: morphometry, vegetation and land use

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Water production in a Brazilian montane rainforest: Implications for water resources management

−), which were divided into five different clusters. Seasonal variation was observed to significantly alter groundwater hydrogeochemistry. According to the Gibbs diagram, groundwater within the urban area of Lençóis belonged to the rainfall dominance, demonstrating low water-rock interaction. Hydrogeochemical modeling results suggested hydrolysis as the main natural factors controlling process. However, mineral dissolution also occurred in one of the clusters. Human-originated trace contamination by nitrate, chloride, and sulfate occurred in a zone of the urban area. This contamination was observed regardless of climate seasonality, indicating that the main controlling process for groundwater hydrochemistry in this region is wastewater mobilization (indirect artificial recharge).

Tipologia hidrogeoquímica e qualidade das águas subterrâneas na área urbana do município de Lençóis, Bahia, nordeste do Brasil

The objective of this study is to zone the tubular well density and groundwater quality in the urban area of the city of Lencois, Bahia, through geoprocessing techniques in the GIS platform. Lencois, is a city of Chapada Diamantina, in the Brazilian Northeast that has in its territory tourism as main socioeconomic activities, receiving annually a high amount of visitors. The methodology used is based on data tabulation, kernel estimator runs for densities, and the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) algorithm for interpolation of nitrate and chloride contents. Both processes were executed in the ArcGis 10 software. The results showed the presence of a large zone with high density of wells in the central-east sector of the urban area of Lencois, which presents high flow dynamics (vehicles, people), above to greater concentration of facilities such as hotels, inns, shops and restaurants. Notably, this sector has the greatest demand for water and needs to be monitored by competent institutions that seek to maintain a balance in the use of water resources, above to supply, even in periods of water stress. Inside this zone also traces of anthropic contamination occur, indicated by higher values of nitrate and chloride concentrations. This suggests that above to the pressure exerted by the high demand for water, there is inefficient management of wastewater and rainwater in this area of the urban area, compromising the quality of groundwater.

Aliança das Águas: uma iniciativa para conhecer o papel do Parque Nacional da Serra das Lontras no fornecimento de água para municípios do sul da Bahia

This paper aims to identify the current physical and environmental conditions of the Una River microwatershed located between the municipalities of Arataca, São José da Vitória and Una, South of Bahia, Norttheast region of Brazil. To achieve this objective, it was decided by a geoenvironmental diagnostics made through measurement of fluvial morphometry of the microwatershed and the classification of types of vegetation and land use. The morphometric survey was conducted through geoprocessing using spatial data, linear and hypsometric of microwatershed obtained by field surveys and remote sensing. The mapping of vegetation cover and land use was based on digital processing tests of images of RapidEye (2010) satellites in the GIS structure and classes vectoring from visual interpretation and field data. The results indicate that the microwatershed is slightly elongated, strong corrugated slope with a hydrographic of low and medium density, low porosity lithologic type and arborescent dendritic drainage standard. The microwatershed is comprised of a dense vegetation cover of primary forest and agroforestry systems, occupying about 94% of the area. The dynamic hydro geomorphological define the standard of land use and vegetation cover, whereas the potential use identified to be the preserve in exchange of an environmental service of high value provided by microwatershed, which is the produced water.

Spatio-seasonal changes in the hydrogeochemistry of groundwaters in a highland tropical zone

This research is mainly aimed to identify the geological and geomorphological structure of watersheds that influence some of the processes of hydrology, from a 3D model, created with tweens numerical terrain models and satellite images. The study area represented located in Northeastern Brazil, state of Bahia, municipality of Lençóis and makes reference to three watersheds. The creation of the model was based on the manipulation of altimetry data from of images orbital’s interferometric the Topodata and SRTM projects, with the support of the images QuickBird, plus some field campaigns of investigation and use of the Navigation System and Global positioning (GPS GNSS).In possession of these data ,have been applied specific techniques of remote sensing and geoprocessing in GIS with ArcGIS 10.1 software. With the use of geostatistics tools, using filters and optimal arrangement of spectral bands was possible to extract a greater number of information physical and environmental and propose a three-dimensional model that simulates the shapes of the land in a watershed. The results show that with the modeling threedimensional was possible to identify with a good accuracy level, the slope, types of topographic compartments, structural geology of faults through lineaments and deformation and the dynamics of runoff and infiltration the hydrographic system. With such a model is also evident in the intense correlation structural geology, compartments and hydrological processes.