Jonathan Ott

Pharmahuasca: Human Pharmacology of Oral DMT Plus Harmine

A summary is presented of human self-experiments or psychonautic bioassays of pharmahuasca--capsules containing crystalline N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) plus harmine, as well as combinations of other psychoactive tryptamines with other beta-carbolines. The 1967 Holmstedt-Lindgren hypothesis of the ayahuasca effect--oral psychoactivity of DMT consequent to monoamine-oxidase (MAO) inhibition from simultaneous ingestion of beta-carbolines--has been confirmed by eight self-experimenters. Results of a total of some 70 bioassays are summarized and the literature on this subject is reviewed (with 66 references and one table).

Pharmañopo-psychonautics : Human intranasal, sublingual, intrarectal, pulmonary and oral pharmacology of bufotenine

Abstract Summarized are psychonautic bioassays (human self-experiments) of pharmañopo—crystalline bufotenine (5-HO-DMT; 5-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine; dimethylserotonine), at times combined with harmaline or harmine—via intranasal, sublingual, intrarectal, pulmonary (inhaled vapor) and oral routes. This is done by way of pharmacological modeling of diverse South American shamanic inebriants, principally the snuffs ñopolyopo and cebíhatáj, prepared from seeds of Anadenanthera peregrina var. peregrina and A. colubrina var. Cebil, respectively. Psychoptic (visionary) activity of bufotenine has been established and the 1967 Holmstedt–Lindgren hypothesis of the paricá effect—intranasal potentiation of tryptamines by concomitant administration of monoamine-oxidase-inhibiting (MAOI) β-carbolines from stems of Banisteriopsis caapi admixed with the snuffs—has been confirmed by 25 psychonautic bioassays. Salient phytochemical and psychonautic literature is reviewed, and isolation of bufotenine from Anadenanthera seeds detailed (with one table and eight references).

Pharmepéna-psychonautics: Human Intranasal, sublingual and oral pharmacology of 5-methoxy-N, N-dimethyl-tryptamine

Abstract Summarized are psychonautic bioassays (human self-experiments) of pharmepéna—crystalline 5-methoxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT; O-Me-bufotenine), at times combined with crystalline β-carbolines (harmaline or harmine). These substances were administered via intranasal, sublingual and oral routes, by way of pharmacological modeling of diverse South American shamanic inebriants (principally the snuffs epéna/nyakwana, prepared from barks of diverse species of Virola.) Intranasal, sublingual and oral psychoactivity of 5-MeO-DMT, and the 1967 Holmstedt–Lindgren hypothesis of the paricá-effect—intranasal potentiation of tryptamines by concomitant administration of monoamine-oxidase-inhibiting (MAOI) β-carbolines from stems of Banisteriopsis caapi admixed with the snuffs—have been confirmed by some 17 psychonautic bioassays. Salient phytochemical and psychonautic literature is reviewed.

Description and chemical analysis of a new species of hallucinogenic Psilocybe from the Pacific Northwest.

In the course of our research on hallucinogenic fungi (1, 7), and our work on a world monograph of the genus Psilocybe, we have discovered an interesting new hallucinogenic species. The mushroom was first collected on the campus of the University of Washington in Seattle, and has since been found in several other sites in western Washington and Vancouver, British Columbia. Since this species is very common in western Washington, and is widely used as a recreational drug, it is surprising that it has not been previously reported.

Obviation of opioid withdrawal syndrome by concomitant administration of naltrexone in microgram doses: two psychonautic bioassays.

Abstract Two psychonautic bioassays (self-experiments) in stepwise and abrupt cessation of long-term daily oral ingestion habits of 800 mg of codeine phosphate are presented. Concomitant administration of minute doses (about 0.5 meg) of the opioid antagonist naltrexone with each dose of codeine was found in both cases to obviate the expected opioid withdrawal syndrome, resulting in asymptomatic and uneventful transitions from physical opioid dependency states to exogenous opioidfree metabolism. These experiments are analyzed in the context of a conjectured, rapid, iterative reduction and complete elimination of opioid tolerance, once acquired. It was found that coadministration of naltrexone with codeine phosphate obviated the development of both tolerance and physical dependency over several months of four daily oral doses of 200 mg, allowing abrupt (“cold turkey”), asymptomatic and uneventful withdrawal. This points the way to the biochemical substrate of opioid tolerance itself, and shows that this can easily and inexpensively be blocked, even over months of iterative oral administration of substantial doses of opioid analgesics. Finally, it suggests the opioid withdrawal syndrome is directly related to the physiology of opioid tolerance, and can be prevented by blocking tolerance itself. Even when tolerance has been acquired, this can be reduced stepwise over a matter of days, with no symptoms of opioid withdrawal syndrome.