Jordan Marinski

Guidelines for Elaboration Management Action Plan for Ecologically Sustainable Development and Management of SEE Seaports of Trans-European Transport Networks

Sea transport is considered globally as one of the most environmentally harmless forms of transport. For this reason the ports’ activities are a subject to special precautions to ensure that they support the sustainable and environment friendly development of sea conditions. The work presents, first, the main features of the common model (CM) for improved seaports’ ecology, and second, it elucidates the guidelines about the preparation of Managing Action Plans (MAP) for South-East Europe (SEE) harbors. Also, the work describes the general structure of MAP and gives a list of tangible instructions and recommendations streaming the elaboration of MAP for an improved management of SEE seaports of TEN-T.

Eco-Mapping as an Integrated Approach in Environmental Protection in Ports and Adjacent Urbanized Areas

This study illustrates how ecological mapping and land-use planning can become an effective instrument for environmental protection of Bourgas port. Eco-mapping aims to identify quickly and clearly the problems of environmental protection within the port and to provide the mapping of all the specific critical issues in the port area and surrounding cities involved. This approach is an easy way to document and track environmental improvements. The application of eco-mapping is laid down in the managing action plan of development of environmental management of Bourgas port. The graphic representation of environmental requirements and their manifestation in specific territory planning and architectural and construction measures, as a part of a general plan or detailed territory planning of the port, would guarantee sustainability of the environment, both regarding the port territory itself and the urban environment they belong to or border.

Multi-Compartment Water Quality Assessment of Port Burgas and Burgas Bay

The study employs the biogeochemical budget methodology of multi-compartment LOICZ model to the complex system of Burgas port and Burgas bay. Main model input data are turbidity and concentrations of phosphorous, nitrogen, and chlorophyll-a. Two distinct seasonal periods are considered in the study—low precipitation (September–November) and high precipitation (December–April). Internal nutrient fluxes are estimated and their dependence on nutrient load is discussed. The results show that system varies between autotrophy and heterotrophy during the year due to rainfall regimes, human activities in the basin, and the associated runoff and phosphorus loads or releases from sediments.

Water Quality Assessment of the Bourgas Port Waters

The aim of environmental monitoring of the port of Bourgas is to deliver reliable data for pollution assessment of the port water body and to support the development of a program for environmental risk management. The present study attempts to assess the quality of the Bourgas port waters summarizing the water monitoring data and calculating the integrated trophic state index (TRIX).

Application of Hydrodynamic, Pollution Drift and Wave Models as Tools for Better Environmental Management of Ports

Numerical modelling provides additional information useful for implementation of the sustainable model for environmental-friendly development of the port networks. This chapter presents an improved modelling approach using better interconnections between the components of the system. The input data has been produced by the usage of an operational hydrodynamic model for the areas in the vicinity of ports, which makes the system applicable in case of extreme situations. This provides the decision makers with examples of worst-case scenarios of pollution drifts during extreme cases like combinations of strong winds, high waves and storm surges.

Process Performance Measures and Monitoring/Control for a Sustainable Management of South East Europe Ports’ Areas

In the framework of the activities of the TEN ECOPORT project, carried out with a “closed chain” approach, the Environmental Management System (EMS) and its additional instruments, already individuated and implemented in the previous experience of ECOPORT 8, become effective through the enforcement of a managing action plan (MAP) which needs to be periodically checked to ensure that the quality system continues to meet the requirements of the standards and to permit a continual improvement. With the aim of checking the effectiveness of the EMS chosen within Southeast Europe (SEE) ports, the process performance measures and monitoring (PPMM) and its control system (CS), based on a closed chain used to explicit causes and effects related to a particular situation, were applied in order to recognize the bottlenecks on which it is necessary to intervene with priority with the aim of achieving an effective sustainable management of SEE Ports.

Integrated Assessment of the Quality of Harbor Sediments: Case Study Based on a Comparative Analysis of Sediments Quality of Two Industrial Ports: Bourgas (BG) and Bari (IT)

In order to evaluate the pollution status of the sediments of two industrial and commercial harbors, an integrated approach was applied. A closer look of chemical and bio-toxicological data selected in 23 different stations located in the different internal basins of Bari port (IT) and Bourgas port (BG) is provided; integration of data by multivariate analysis was conducted, and a comparison procedure is presented as useful tool to elucidate the potential risk of sediments and helpful step towards a harmonized assessment criteria.

Assessing the Impact of Port Bourgas on Air Quality During Different Seasons

Bulk cargo handling operations is one of the major factors that may cause undesirable effect to the air quality of urban and port areas in Bourgas. The air quality monitoring of the port of Bourgas is needed to deliver reliable data for air pollution assessment in the area of the port, as well as for better insight of the impact of the port activities on the air quality of the city. Unfortunately, there is no information for the bulk cargo or open source events. There is no record on what type and amount of material, what size of the pile and duration of exposure to wind existed. Therefore, in this dispersion study of the particulate matter with diameter size smaller than 10 micrometers (PM10), we use as source a pile of arbitrary size and emission rate that give concentrations close to those observed in the centre of the city by the air quality authorities at wind speed of 5 ms–1. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) AERMOD (Air DispERsion MODel) system is used here to illustrate the dispersion pattern and to show applicability for future use by the port authorities. The results showed that the central part of Bourgas might be polluted by port activities at southern winds, but those have low frequency. The easterly and southeasterly winds, which appear more often, bring the eventual pollutants from the port towards the lake “Bourgasko ezero” and the district “Pobeda.” Comparing monitoring data from the port and from different parts of the city, we revealed no difference in winter months, but higher concentrations at the port in the transition months April and September.

PHYSICAL STUDY OF THE NATURE OF HIGH PEAK WAVE PRESSURES

A study of alternatives including a shoreline evolution numerical modelization has been carried out in order to both diagnose the erosion problem at the beaches located between Cambrils Harbour and Pixerota delta (Tarragona, Spain) and select nourishment alternatives.