Jorge Cano

Oral cancer, HPV infection and evidence of sexual transmission.

The incidence of oropharyngeal cancer and oral cancer is growing worldwide, both in young non-smokers and in young non-drinkers (smoking and drinking are considered the main risk factors). Epidemiologic studies suggest a strong association between the infection by human papillomavirus (HPV), especially types 16 and 18 (high oncological risk) which have already demonstrated their etiological role in anal tumours as well as in cervix cancer. There is clear epidemiologic evidence that both types of tumours relate to changes in sexual behaviour and that both are linked to sexual transmission of HPV. The number of oral and oropharyngeal cancer cases is rising nowadays, especially among young individuals with no typical toxic habits, such as tobacco and/or alcohol. In this review we set out to update the aspects related to the onset of oral cancer, its relationship with HPV infection and whether this association may be due to the sexual transmission of the virus. Key words:Human papillomavirus, oral sex, head and neck cancer, oral cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, oropharyngeal cancer.

Corticotomy-assisted orthodontics.

The use of orthodontic treatment in adult patients is becoming more common and these patients have different requirements specially regarding duration of treatment and facial and dental aesthetics. Alveolar corticotomy is an effective means of accelerating orthodontic treatment. This literature revision include an historical background, biological and orthodontic fundamentals and the most significant clinical applications of this technique. Orthodontic treatment time is reduced with this technique to one-third of that in conventional orthodontics. Alveolar bone grafting of labial and palatal/lingual surfaces ensures root coverage as the dental arch is expanded. Corticotomy-assisted orthodontics has been reported in a few clinical cases, and seems to be a promising adjuvant technique, indicated for many situations in the orthodontic treatment of adults without active periodontal pathology. Its main advantages are reduction of treatment time and postorthodontic stability. Further controlled prospective and histological studies are needed to study tooth movement, post-retention stability, and microstructural features of teeth, periodontium, and regenerated bone after using this procedure. Key words:Corticotomy, osteotomy, accelerated orthodontics.

Glandular odontogenic cyst: two high-risk cases treated with conservative approaches.

BACKGROUND The glandular odontogenic cyst is a rare jawbone cyst that is considered to be an independent entity, although its histopathological characteristics may lead to an incorrect diagnosis as a low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The treatment of glandular odontogenic cysts is controversial. CASE REPORT We present two high-risk cases treated with conservative approaches, one by enucleation and curettage and the other by marsupialisation. This report also presents a review of the clinical and pathological aspects of glandular odontogenic cysts, and considers their development. No evidence of disease was observed after 3 years of follow-up in the two cases presented. CONCLUSIONS When possible, treatment plans for these lesions should be customised for each case, taking into account the data available in the literature and patient preferences. For high-risk cases, that are treated with conservative approaches, such as the two cases presented here, strict and regular controls and rigorous radiological follow-up evaluations are mandatory.

Bone implant sockets made using three different procedures: a stability study in dogs

Objective: This study compared the effects of three different methods of preparing bone implant sockets (drilling, osteotomes, and piezoelectric device) on osseointegration using resonance frequency analysis (RFA). Study Design: An experimental prospective study was designed. Material and Methods: Ten adult beagle dogs were studied. After 5 weeks, 23 out of 28 initially placed implants in the iliac crest were evaluated, comparing these three different procedures of bone implant socket. Student’s t-test (paired, two-tailed) was used to reveal differences among the three groups at each time point (SPSS 16.0, IL, USA). Results: After a 5-week healing period, the implants placed in sockets that were made using an osteotome or piezoelectric device were slightly more stable than those made by drilling. Reduced mechanical and heat injury to the bone is beneficial for maintaining and improving stability during the critical early healing period. Conclusion: Using RFA, there was evidence of a slight increase in implant stability in the iliac crest after 5 weeks of healing when the implant socket was made using a piezoelectric device or expansion procedure as compare with the drilling method. Key words:Bone implant sockets, drilling, osteotomes, piezoelectric, resonance frequency analysis, stability.

Aplicación de un sistema mixto de Enseñanza Tradicional/ Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas en la asignatura de Urgencias en Odontología

El aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP), o tambien conocido como PBL por sus siglas en ingles (Problem Based Learning) es un metodo pedagogico comunmente empleado en la educacion de las Ciencias de la Salud. Las facultades de Medicina han sido lideres en implementar programas educativos basados en ABP. Existe menos informacion con respecto a la extension y alcance de esta tecnica educativa en Odontologia que en Medicina. La asignatura de Urgencias en Odontologia de la Facultad de Odontologia (UCM) es una asignatura optativa de segundo ciclo de licenciatura. Aunque el libro blanco de la futura titulacion de Grado en Odontologia especifica las competencias y contenidos especificos relacionados con esta asignatura, existen algunos problemas en la docencia de esta asignatura entre los que se encuentran un bajo numero de profesores, tiempo limitado de ensenanza y metodos de ensenaza poco adecuados. En este articulo se describe el proceso de desarrollo y aplicacion de un metodo de ensenanza-aprendizaje mixto basado en la combinacion del sistema tradicional junto con el sistema PBL, asi como de su formato y contenido y valoracion de resultados obtenidos mediante cuestionarios anonimos rellenados por los estudiantes.

Immediate semi-static loading using compression healing abutments: A stability study in dogs

Loading in implant dentistry to accelerate prosthodontic treatment has been receiving increasing interest. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an early controlled lateral loading (after 7 days) on the establishment of osseointegration by means of resonance frequency analysis. Two groups of six beagle dogs each were used. Group I had implants without loading. Group II had implants loaded with a new prototype compression abutment that created controlled semi-static loading. Loaded implants showed slightly better stability after 5 weeks of healing, but the difference was not significant. We concluded that controlled loading is beneficial to maintain, and even improve, stability during the early critical healing period.

Mecanobiología de los huesos maxilares: I. Conceptos generales

espanolLa mecanobiologia osea se encarga de la interaccion entre las senales mecanicas y los mecanismos moleculares en las celulas y el tejido oseo. El estudio actual de esta disciplina engloba los modelos informaticos, la biologia molecular y las tecnicas de imagen en alta resolucion. En este articulo se revisan los conceptos generales que se estudian en la mecanobiologia y biomecanica de los hueso maxilares. Se establecen las principales propiedades biomecanicas del hueso en las diferentes escalas de medicion y determinados factores que influyen en la reaccion del hueso perimplantario ante las cargas biomecanicas EnglishBone mechanobiology deals with connection between mechanical signals and molecular events in cells and bone tissue. The current study on this subject involves computer models, molecular biology and high resolution imaging of bone. This paper reviews general concepts which take place on mechanobiology and biomechanics of maxillary bones. Mechanical features in several dimensional levels are studied and some factors with influence on perimplantary bone are also evaluated.