Jose Arias-Pérez

Corporate Entrepreneurship in Colombia: An Approach from Resources and Capabilities

Abstract Corporate entrepreneurship refers to entrepreneurship activities that take place within established firms. Such activities have attracted the interest of researchers in the area of management and business for several years now. The aim of this work is to examine the influence of individuals’ resources and capabilities on corporate entrepreneurship in Colombia, using data from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2013 and including 3,394 observations. The study draws on the Resource-Based Theory and uses logistic regressions in its methodology, considering differences between resources (entrepreneurial skills and competencies, entrepreneurial experience, personal networks and education) and capabilities (entrepreneurial intention and opportunity identification). This work offers theoretical and empirical contributions. Theoretically, it contributes to the development of the literature in the field of corporate entrepreneurship in Latin American emerging markets. Empirically, it serves as a guide for those managers wishing to foster corporate entrepreneurship in their firms.

Capacidad de absorción del rival y desempeño innovador: efecto mediador de la orientación estratégica

espanolIntroduccion. En la literatura hay resultados contradictorios sobre los efectos de la evaluacion de la capacidad de absorcion del rival (CAR) sobre el desempeno innovador (DI). Tampoco, se ha explorado la incidencia de aspectos estrategicos sobre esa relacion. Objetivo. Analizar los efectos mediadores de la orientacion estrategica a la competencia (OEC) y a la innovacion (OEI) en la relacion entre CAR y DI. Materiales y metodos. El modelo de hipotesis se contrasto en una muestra de empresas manufactureras, de media y baja tecnologia, y de servicios. Para ello, se utilizaron ecuaciones estructurales por el metodo de minimos cuadrados parciales consistente. Resultados. Se encontro que unicamente la OEC tiene un efecto mediador el cual es total. Conclusiones. La principal contribucion del articulo gira en torno al aporte de evidencia empirica que demuestra que la evaluacion de la CAR tiene un efecto positivo sobre el DI, si bien esta mediado por la OEC. Esto es importante porque ayuda a dilucidar la controversia suscitada por los resultados contradictorios que arrojaron estudios previos. Por lo tanto, este hallazgo concuerda con la postura teorica que resalta los beneficios que se derivan del entendimiento de las fortalezas y debilidades de la CAR, y de las presiones que ejercen los rivales sobre su contraparte, que la obligan a ser mas innovadora. EnglishIntroduction. In the literature there are contradictory results on the effects of the evaluation of rivals absorptive capacity (RAC) on innovation performance (IP). Moreover, the incidence of strategic aspects in this relationship has not been explored. Objective. Analyze the mediating effects of the strategic orientation towards competition (SOC) and the strategic orientation towards innovation (SOI) on the RAC-IP relationship. Materials and methods. The hypothesis model was contrasted in a sample of medium and low-technology manufacturing firms and a sample of service firms. To achieve this, structural equations were used by the consistent partial least squares method. Results. It was found that only the SOC has a mediating effect, which is a total effect. Conclusions. The main contribution of this paper is the empirical evidence it provides which demonstrates that the evaluation of RAC has a positive effect on IP, although this effect is mediated by SOC. This helps to discern the controversy triggered by contradictory results yielded in previous studies. Therefore, this finding is in agreement with the theoretical stance which highlights the benefits derived from understanding RACs strengths and weaknesses, and from the pressures exerted by rivals on their counterpart, which force the latter to be more innovative. portuguesIntroducao. Na literatura ha resultados contraditorios sobre os efeitos da avaliacao da capacidade de absorcao do rival (CAR) sobre o desempenho inovador (DI). Tampouco, se ha explorado a incidencia de aspectos estrategicos sobre essa relacao. Objetivo. Analisar os efeitos mediadores da orientacao estrategica a concorrencia (OEC) e a inovacao (OEI) a relacao entre CAR e DI. Materiais e metodos. O modelo de hipotese se contrastou numa amostra de empresas manufatureiras, de meia e baixa tecnologia, e de servicos. Para isto, se utilizaram equacoes estruturais pelo metodo de minimos quadrados. Resultados. Se encontrou que unicamente a OEC tem um efeito mediador o qual e total. Conclusoes. A principal contribuicao do artigo gira em torno ao aporte de evidencia empirica que demostra que a avaliacao da CAR tem um efeito positivo sobre o DI, se bem que esta mediado pela OEC. Este e importante porque ajuda a dilucidar a controversa suscitada pelos resultados contraditorios que mostraram estudos previos. Por tanto, esta descoberta concorda com a postura teorica que ressalta os beneficios que se derivam do entendimento das fortalezas e debilidades da CAR, e das pressoes que exercem os rivais sobre sua contraparte, que a obrigam a ser mais inovadora.

Capacidade de absorção do rival e desempenho inovador: Efeito mediador da orientação estratégica

espanolIntroduccion. En la literatura hay resultados contradictorios sobre los efectos de la evaluacion de la capacidad de absorcion del rival (CAR) sobre el desempeno innovador (DI). Tampoco, se ha explorado la incidencia de aspectos estrategicos sobre esa relacion. Objetivo. Analizar los efectos mediadores de la orientacion estrategica a la competencia (OEC) y a la innovacion (OEI) en la relacion entre CAR y DI. Materiales y metodos. El modelo de hipotesis se contrasto en una muestra de empresas manufactureras, de media y baja tecnologia, y de servicios. Para ello, se utilizaron ecuaciones estructurales por el metodo de minimos cuadrados parciales consistente. Resultados. Se encontro que unicamente la OEC tiene un efecto mediador el cual es total. Conclusiones. La principal contribucion del articulo gira en torno al aporte de evidencia empirica que demuestra que la evaluacion de la CAR tiene un efecto positivo sobre el DI, si bien esta mediado por la OEC. Esto es importante porque ayuda a dilucidar la controversia suscitada por los resultados contradictorios que arrojaron estudios previos. Por lo tanto, este hallazgo concuerda con la postura teorica que resalta los beneficios que se derivan del entendimiento de las fortalezas y debilidades de la CAR, y de las presiones que ejercen los rivales sobre su contraparte, que la obligan a ser mas innovadora. EnglishIntroduction. In the literature there are contradictory results on the effects of the evaluation of rivals absorptive capacity (RAC) on innovation performance (IP). Moreover, the incidence of strategic aspects in this relationship has not been explored. Objective. Analyze the mediating effects of the strategic orientation towards competition (SOC) and the strategic orientation towards innovation (SOI) on the RAC-IP relationship. Materials and methods. The hypothesis model was contrasted in a sample of medium and low-technology manufacturing firms and a sample of service firms. To achieve this, structural equations were used by the consistent partial least squares method. Results. It was found that only the SOC has a mediating effect, which is a total effect. Conclusions. The main contribution of this paper is the empirical evidence it provides which demonstrates that the evaluation of RAC has a positive effect on IP, although this effect is mediated by SOC. This helps to discern the controversy triggered by contradictory results yielded in previous studies. Therefore, this finding is in agreement with the theoretical stance which highlights the benefits derived from understanding RACs strengths and weaknesses, and from the pressures exerted by rivals on their counterpart, which force the latter to be more innovative. portuguesIntroducao. Na literatura ha resultados contraditorios sobre os efeitos da avaliacao da capacidade de absorcao do rival (CAR) sobre o desempenho inovador (DI). Tampouco, se ha explorado a incidencia de aspectos estrategicos sobre essa relacao. Objetivo. Analisar os efeitos mediadores da orientacao estrategica a concorrencia (OEC) e a inovacao (OEI) a relacao entre CAR e DI. Materiais e metodos. O modelo de hipotese se contrastou numa amostra de empresas manufatureiras, de meia e baixa tecnologia, e de servicos. Para isto, se utilizaram equacoes estruturais pelo metodo de minimos quadrados. Resultados. Se encontrou que unicamente a OEC tem um efeito mediador o qual e total. Conclusoes. A principal contribuicao do artigo gira em torno ao aporte de evidencia empirica que demostra que a avaliacao da CAR tem um efeito positivo sobre o DI, se bem que esta mediado pela OEC. Este e importante porque ajuda a dilucidar a controversa suscitada pelos resultados contraditorios que mostraram estudos previos. Por tanto, esta descoberta concorda com a postura teorica que ressalta os beneficios que se derivam do entendimento das fortalezas e debilidades da CAR, e das pressoes que exercem os rivais sobre sua contraparte, que a obrigam a ser mais inovadora.

Innovation Research Based on Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Project: Review of the Last Decade

Abstract Research on innovation and entrepreneurship has increased in recent years. This article explores the structure of innovation research based on Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) project. A search of articles containing innovation and GEM related words was conducted, including only those published in journals within the Thomson Reuters’ Social Sciences Citation Index®. The main findings of this study show that is feasible use GEM’s data set to do research on innovation. Models that treat new firm creation and innovation as separate aspects of entrepreneurship, as well as, determinants of economic growth could be conceptualize and test with data provide by GEM project. Also, the number of innovations articles using GEM’ database has increased in recent years, suggesting opportunities and challenges for future research.

NOT-INVENTED-HERE SYNDROME AND INNOVATION PERFORMANCE: THE CONFOUNDING EFFECT OF INNOVATION CAPABILITIES AS ORGANISATIONAL ROUTINES IN SERVICE FIRMS

Currently, it is commonly accepted that the not-invented-here syndrome (NIHS) refers to internal resistance against external knowledge, and that it has devastating consequences on innovation performance (IP). Nevertheless, studies on organisational practices that neutralise NIHS are incipient. Moreover, it is accepted that innovation capabilities (ICs) are perhaps the organisational routines with the highest positive influence on IP. In this study, based on the organisational routine framework and agency theory, we propose a model in which ICs (i.e., client-focused, marketing-focused, and technology-focused ICs) have a confounding effect on an NIHS–IP relation. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to test the proposed model with survey data from a sample of 161 service firms. We find that (1) NIHS influences IP negatively, and (2) ICs weaken NIHS–IP relation, practically turning it null. Finally, this paper provides insights for researchers and managers regarding a possible overestimation of the negative effects of NIHS on the literature.

Capacidades de Tecnologías de Información y Capacidades de Negocio Electrónico (E-Business): Efecto Mediador de la Capacidad de Absorción

El objetivo del articulo es establecer el efecto mediador de la capacidad de absorcion en la relacion entre capacidades de tecnologias de informacion (CTI) y las capacidades de negocios electronicos o E-Business (CEB) en una muestra de empresas que pertenecen a sectores intensivos en el uso de tecnologias de informacion. Se utilizaron ecuaciones estructurales por el metodo de minimos cuadrados parciales, analisis bootstrap-percentil y test de la varianza explicada para comprobar la existencia y la magnitud del efecto mediador. Se encontro que existe una mediacion parcial y por lo tanto la incidencia de las CTI sobre las CEB depende parcialmente del desarrollo de habilidades organizacionales blandas orientadas a la creacion de valor a partir de la adquisicion y asimilacion de conocimiento externo. Se concluye que los recursos tecnologicos son de gran importancia pero insuficientes para garantizar el exito de la operacion digital del negocio

DISEÑO DEL MODELO DE NEGOCIO DE UNA EMPRESA INTENSIVA EN CONOCIMIENTO DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE LOS MODELOS DE CAMBIO

The objective of the article is to design the business model in knowledge intensive business from the perspective of a change model consisting of four stages: 1) play, 2) play the same, 3) play better and 4) reinventing the game. In terms of methodology, qualitative case study strategy was used. The results of the analysis of the business model show that the company is reactive to customer requirements, however, from the perspective of change models it was possible to identify a series of actions that would evolve the business model, by introducing new products and services. In conclusion, the traditional way of designing business models has a limitation as to predict their evolution over time which can be overcome with changing models.