José Benedito Guimarães Júnior

Efeito da incorporação de casca de café nas propriedades físico-mecânicas de painéis aglomerados de Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the incorporation of Coffee husks in the production of particleboard with Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake. The panels were produced incorporating 25%, 50%, and 75% of Coffee husks at three levels of resin phenol-formaldehyde (6, 9 and 12%) and 1% of paraffin. The nominal density of the panels was 0.7 g/cm3 and the cycle of pressing consisted in a pressure of 3.92 MPa under a temperature of 180°C for 8 minutes. By the results it was possible to observe that the physical properties of the particleboard have a linear relationship decreasing with the increase in the level of resin, and increasing with the increase in the percentage of coffee husks, showing higher values of water absorption and thickness swelling. The mechanical properties show a linear relationship growing with the increase of resin level, and decreasing with a reduction the percentage of coffee husk association. The way that the search was conducted, the incorporation of the Coffee husks harms the quality of the panels produced.

Efeito da associação de bagaço de cana, do tipo e do teor de adesivo na produção de painéis aglomerados.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da associacao de bagaco de cana, tipo e teor de adesivo nas propriedades fisico-mecânicas de paineis aglomerados com madeira de pinus spp. O delineamento experimental se constituiu de um esquema fatorial 3x2x3, sendo tres porcentagens de substituicao de madeira de pinus por bagaco de cana - 25, 50 e 75%; dois tipos de adesivos - fenol-formaldeido (FF) e ureia-formaldeido (UF); e tres teores de adesivo - 6, 9 e 12%. O ciclo de prensagem utilizado foi de pressao de 40 kgf/cm2, temperatura de 160°C para UF e de 180°C para FF, e por um tempo de 8 minutos. Mediante os resultados pode-se concluir que: 1) Para a porcentagem de associacao de bagaco de cana, nas propriedades em que foi observado efeito significativo, a tendencia foi de diminuicao da qualidade dos paineis a medida que se aumenta a quantidade de associacao de bagaco de cana; 2) O adesivo UF se mostrou estatisticamente igual ou superior a FF em todas as propriedades avaliadas; 3) Os teores de adesivo apresentaram efeito significativo para todas as propriedades analisadas, sendo que, com excecao da propriedade ligacao interna, em todas as outras propriedades o teor de 12% foi estatisticamente superior a 6%, e ainda igual ou superior a 9%.

Qualidade de painéis aglomerados homogêneos produzidos com a madeira de clones de Eucalyptus urophylla

The study aimed to evaluate the potential of Eucalyptus urophylla clones to produce homogeneous particleboard of low-density. Six clones of Eucalyptus urophylla were evaluated, at 94 months of age and planted in Paracatu-MG. Pinus oocarpa wood was used as a reference. For each Eucalyptus urophylla clone and also for Pinus oocarpa, six panels were produced with urea-formaldehyde adhesive in the concentration of 6%, nominal density of 0.60 g/cm³, specific pressure of 40kgf/cm², temperature of 160oC and a time of 8 minutes. Eucalyptus urophylla clones presented potential for production of conventional particleboard of low density. Clones 62 and 28 showed the best results for all physical and mechanical properties evaluated, presenting properties equal or superior to those obtained for the panels produced with Pinus oocarpa wood. In relation to CS 236/1966 standard, only the clone 28 met all the requirements. None of the clones meets EN 312/2003 standard.

Lignocellulosic Composites Made from Agricultural and Forestry Wastes in Brazil

The Brazilian market of wood panels is in a consolidation process and presents great dynamism, which requires the search for new alternative raw materials that may contribute in quantity and quality to the continuous increase of this economic sector. Transforming residues generated by Brazilian agricultural industry and forestry sector into high quality panels is an interesting solution for solving raw material demand problem. The present work aims to show the potential of different types of residues for panel production showed in several research works, which were conducted in the Experimental Unit of Panel Production (UEPAM) located at the Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Minas Gerais state, Brazil. According to results obtained, sugarcane bagasse, candeia wood and castor oil bean husk were the most promissory residues for particleboard production among the materials studied.

Painéis de madeira aglomerada de resíduos da laminação de diferentes procedências de Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus saligna e Eucalyptus cloeziana

Com este trabalho, objetivou-se fazer a avaliacao de 15 procedencias de especies de Eucalyptus cloeziana,Eucalyptus grandis e Eucalyptus saligna, com idade de 31 anos, sendo que esse teste foi instalado no campus da Universidade Federal de Lavras. Foram fabricados 6 paineis aglomerados para cada procedencia, a partir dos residuos gerados pela laminacao desse material. Foi utilizado o adesivo ureia-formaldeido com 8%, e parafina a 1%, ambos com base nos seus respectivos teores de solidos. Os paineis foram prensados a temperatura de 160oC, pressao especifica de 3,92MPa por tempo de 8 minutos. A partir dos resultados concluiu-se que: em absorcao de agua, destacou-se a especie Eucalyptus saligna; em inchamento em espessura, a procedencia 43 mostrou melhor desempenho dentro da especie de Eucalyptus grandis; foram obtidos resultados superiores para Eucalyptus cloeziana no que se refere a compressao e MOE; para Eucalyptus grandis, a procedencia de numero 10695 apresentou melhores propriedades de MOE e MOR. De forma geral, a procedencia 10.695 e as especies de Eucalyptus grandis foram as que apresentaram maiores potenciais para a producao de paineis aglomerados.

Canonical correlation analysis of the characteristics of charcoal from Qualea parviflora Mart.

This study aimed to examine the relationships between the characteristics of charcoal from Qualea parviflora Mart. using canonical correlation analysis. Five trees were analyzed in such way that 5-cm thick discs were removed from each tree at the base, DBH (1.30 m), middle and top sections. The wood was carbonized in a muffle furnace at a heating rate of 1.67 °C min-1. A canonical correlation analysis was conducted to investigate the relationships between the group formed by fixed carbon, volatile matter, ash, elemental carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen levels and a second group formed by the gravimetric yield, higher heating value and relative bulk density of the charcoal. A tendency was noted for high levels of fixed carbon and elemental carbon to be associated to low levels of volatile matter, ash and oxygen and to low gravimetric yield. Fixed carbon and elemental carbon levels had a positive relation to higher heating value and to relative bulk density, whereas volatile matter, ash and oxygen levels had a negative relation to such characteristics. The higher the gravimetric yield from carbonization, the higher the volatile matter, ash and oxygen levels will be in the resulting charcoal.

Eucalyptus wood and coffee parchment for particleboard production: Physical and mechanical properties

The wood panel industry is constantly growing, being necessary the innovation in technologies and raw materials to improve the quality of the final product. Considering the shortage and pressure to decrease the dependence of wood, there is an interest in other renewable materials such as agricultural wastes. Among these wastes, coffee parchment is one which deserves notoriety. An alternative use for coffee parchment could be for production of particleboard in association with wood particles. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using coffee parchment for production of particleboard. The following percentages of wastes were used: 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% in association to eucalyptus wood. The panels were produced with 8% of urea formaldehyde (based on dry weight of particles). The pressing cycle consisted by: pre-pressing of 0.5 MPa for 10 minutes followed by pressing of 4.0 MPa, and temperature of 160° C for 15 minutes. The compaction ratio of particleboards produced using higher quantities of parchment improved the physical properties. The properties of Water Absorption (2 and 24 h) and Thickness Swelling (2 h) decreased with increasing percentage of coffee parchment. The Thickness Swelling (24 h) showed not significant effect with an increase of coffee waste. The Modulus of Elasticity for coffee parchment particleboards was in the range 646.49 ± 112.65 to 402.03 ± 66.24 MPa, while the Modulus of Rupture ranged from 8.18 ± 1.39 to 4.45 ± 0.75 MPa. The results showed that 10% of coffee parchment could be added for production of particleboards.

SELECTION OF CLONES OF Eucalyptus urophylla FOR PLYWOOD PRODUCTION

This work aimed at the evaluation of six (6) Eucalyptus urophylla clones of Companhia Mineira Metais - Unidade Agroflorestal (VM-AGRO) for making particleboard panels. Six (6) panels to each clone studies were produced. About 320g/m² of Phenol phormol aldehyde adhesives Were utilized. The pressing cycle parameters were: pressure of 1.47MPa, temperature of 150oC and 10 minutes of pressing time. It was concluded that clones of Eucalyptus urophylla show a great potential for production of particleboard panels, since they presented values of physical and mechanical properties above the ones referenced in literature and highly superior to those required by the ABNT Standards 31:000.05-00/2 (static bending) and EN 314-2 (shearing resistance), the tested clones can be used for producing concrete mold (FOR). The clone which stood out the most in all the properties tested was the clone 36.This work aimed at the evaluation of six (6) Eucalyptus urophylla clones of Companhia Mineira Metais - Unidade Agroflorestal (VM-AGRO) for making particleboard panels. Six (6) panels to each clone studies were produced. About 320g/m² of Phenol phormol aldehyde adhesives Were utilized. The pressing cycle parameters were: pressure of 1.47MPa, temperature of 150oC and 10 minutes of pressing time. It was concluded that clones of Eucalyptus urophylla show a great potential for production of particleboard panels, since they presented values of physical and mechanical properties above the ones referenced in literature and highly superior to those required by the ABNT Standards 31:000.05-00/2 (static bending) and EN 314-2 (shearing resistance), the tested clones can be used for producing concrete mold (FOR). The clone which stood out the most in all the properties tested was the clone 36.

COST OF FOREST INSURANCE IN THE ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF EUCALYPTUS PLANTS

1 Received on 10.04.2017 accepted for publication on 23.02.2018. 2 Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Graduada em Engenharia Florestal, Diamantina, MG-Brasil. E-mail: <rafaellaengflorestal@gmail.com>. 3 Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Diamantina, MG-Brasil. E-mail: <sidney.cordeiro@ufvjm.edu.br>,<marcioromarco@gmail.com> and <christofaro@gmail.com>. 4 Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Engenharia, Lavras, MG-Brasil. E-mail: <jbguimaraesjr@hotmail.com>. *Corresponding author.

Potencial de utilização da madeira de Sclerolobium paniculatum, Myracrodruon urundeuva e Amburana cearensis para produção de compensados

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of plywood produced from Sclerolobium paniculatum, Myracrodruon urundeuva and Amburana cearensis wood, comparing them with Pinus oocarpa plywood. Five blades of plywood were produced with phenol formaldehyde adhesive with spread amounts of 270 g/m2. The physical properties were moisture, apparent density and total absorption of water. The mechanical properties studied were static bending in the direction parallel and perpendicular, and glue line shear strength , with all tests conducted according to specifications described in ABNT 31: 000.05-001 / 2 (2001). The increase in apparent density of the panels with the addition of basic wood density was observed. For total water absorption, Amburana cearensis and Myracrodruon urundeuva yielded values below 30%. The evaluated panels met European standards for the static bending properties (MOE and MOR) and glue line shear strength tests. It was also observed that, except for the MOE, the species showed physical and mechanical properties superior to those of Pinus oocarpa panels.