José de la Torre

Forecasting political risks for international operations

Abstract Political risk forecasting has attracted considerable business and academic attention in the last decade. This paper starts with a review of the major findings and approaches to the assessment of political risk in foreign investment situations, particularly in terms of the specification of relevant causal relationships between the sources of risk and corporate contingencies. Next. a comprehensive model of general applicability incorporating these findings is outlined. Finally, we conclude with a few comments on the dynamics of political change and corporate strategy that make any such model subject to constant review and evaluation.

Exports of manufactured goods from developing countries : marketing factors and the role of foreign enterprise

Only rarely does one find consensus among economists, businessmen, and government officials on any issue. This is particularly true when the debate revolves around alternative approaches to economic growth and involves proponents from both sides of that imaginary demarcation line separating the rich from the poor nations. There is, however, general agreement on the issue that high priority must be given to the development of manufactured exports if the growth aspirations of developing countries are to be fulfilled.© 1971 JIBS. Journal of International Business Studies (1971) 2, 26–38