José García

Revision of the new world genus Crassomicrodus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Agathidinae), with an identification key to species

Abstract A key to species and descriptions are presented for 14 species of the New World genus Crassomicrodus Ashmead. Seven new species, Crassomicrodus azteca, Crassomicrodus clypealis, Crassomicrodus costaricensis, Crassomicrodus jalisciensis, Crassomicrodus mariae, Crassomicrodus oaxaquensis,and Crassomicrodus olgae are described. Crassomicrodus fenestratus (Viereck) is synonymized with Crassomicrodus nigriceps (Cresson). Crassomicrodus melanopleurus (Ashmead) is recognized as a valid species.

Frecuencia de enterobacterias nosocomiales productoras de b-lactamasas de espectro extendido, Cumaná, Venezuela

This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of nosocomial enterobacterial b-lactamase producing extended spectrum in patients confined in the Hospital Universitario “Antonio Patricio de Alcala, Cumana, Venezuela, during the period September-November 2005. The production of b-lactamases and extended spectrum in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility were determined by the method of double-disk synergy and disk diffusion. It took 35 bacterial isolates and the increased number of nosocomial infections occurred in the intensive care unit and neonatology with 13/35 (37.15%) and 9 / 35 (25.72%) cases respectively. 51.42% of positive cultures occurred in samples of secretions. Klebsiella pneumoniae showed a frequency of 20/35 (57.14%). Only 27/35 isolates (77.14%) produced β-lactamases and extended spectrum Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common species in the production of these, with 14/35 (40.0%). Enterobacteriaceae expressed greater percentage of resistance to ceftazidime (77.77%), cefotaxime (70.37%) and cefepime (40.74%). K. pneumoniae and E. coli, showed 59.25% resistance to amoxicillin / clavulanate. All showed 100% sensitivity to carbapenems. Long periods of hospitalization are major risk factors for acquiring nosocomial infections and the emergence of strains producing b-lactamases extended spectrum result from misuse of broad-spectrum cephalosporins, which poses significant challenges for the need to use carbapenems with the risk of exerting a selective pressure which in time will cause future resistance.