José Junior Severino

Agro industrial waste and sewage sludge can control Pratylenchus brachyurus in maize

Abstract If agro industrial byproducts are not properly disposed of, they can cause environmental pollution. These materials are rich in nutrients and could be useful in agriculture, with a possible role in the nematodes control, especially Pratylenchus spp., one of the worlds most pernicious species. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of waste produced in the northeast of Parana State in controlling Pratylenchus brachyurus. Maize plantlets were transplanted to pots containing infested soil. After 90 days, the shoot was discarded and each pot top-dressed with the following: sewage sludge, vinasse, filter cake, poultry litter, or manipueira (liquid extract of cassava root). Maize seedlings were again transplanted to the pots where they remained for 70 days. The plants were then collected for evaluation in terms of height, fresh shoot, dry weight, root fresh weight, and number of nematodes/g root and per 100 cm3 soil. All treatments were effective in controlling nematodes. Enhanced plant development was observed after treatment with poultry litter. We therefore conclude that agro industrial waste provides a fresh alternative for controlling P. brachyurus.

Interference of Meloidogyne javanica in the reproduction of Pratylenchus brachyurus in soybean cultivar BRS/MT pintado

Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., and the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus brachyurus, are the most common phytoparasites in soybean crop, which usually occur in association in crop areas. However, few studies were conducted on the interaction between these parasites. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the interference of the increase in M. javanica population in the reproduction of P. brachyurus, and the effect of mixed populations on soybean (cultivar BRS/MT Pintado) development. The experiment consisted in inoculating a population of 1000 specimens of P. brachyurus per plant Fontana, L.F.; Arieira, c.r.d.; Abe1, V.H.F.; Severino, J.J.; Arieira, J.O.; Monteiro, R.N.F. Interference of Meloidogyne javanica in the reproduction of Pratylenchus brachyurus in soybean cultivar BRS/MT pintado. Summa Phytopathologica, v.44, n.2, p.143-147, 2018. and changing the inoculum level of M. javanica, using zero, 1000, 2000 and 4000 eggs, in two different periods. After 65 days of inoculation, the increase in the initial population of M. javanica reduced by 79 and 73% the final population of P. brachyurus in the different experiments. However, both species significantly increased their populations. When subjected to the same inoculum level, M. javanica was more efficient in reproducing than P. brachyurus. The increase in the number of nematodes reduced the vegetative growth of the plant.

Primeira ocorrência de Puccinia nakanishikii em capim limão no Paraná

(DC.) Stapf), tambem conhecido como capim santo ou capim cidreira, e uma especie da familia Poaceae, nativa de regioes tropicais da Asia, que se desenvolve bem em todas as regioes do Brasil. E utilizada para fins medicinais e aplicacao nas industrias farmaceuticas, alimenticias e perfumaria. Suas folhas apresentam varios oleos essenciais, sendo o citral o principal componente.A partir do mes de abril de 2013, constatou-se a presenca de lesoes foliares ferruginosas escuras, na forma de pustulas alongadas, na parte abaxial das folhas de capim limao, no Horto de Plantas Medicinais da Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Campus Regional de Umuarama. Amostras destas plantas foram coletadas e encaminhadas ao Laboratorio de Fitopatologia, onde foram observadas sob estereomicroscopio. Em seguida, realizaram-se cortes transversais e coleta de esporos para confeccao de lâminas temporarias, para observacao das estruturas sob microscopio optico. Nas folhas, verificou-se urediniossoros na face abaxial, em manchas alongadas e necroticas (Figura 1A). Sob microscopio, observou-se a presenca de teliosporos produzidos nos urediniossoros, em sua maioria elipsides, medindo de 32,55 a 37,82 μm de comprimento e 21,08 a 26,35 μm de largura, bicelulares, marrom-castanhos, lisos, com paredes engrossadas ate 5 μm no apice, pedicelos marrons, com paredes finas (Figura 1B); urediniosporos obovoides com 28,05 a 33,79 μm de comprimento e 21,08 a 25,00 μm de largura, marrom canela-escuros abaixo e marrom acastanhados acima, equinulados, com quatro a cinco poros germinativos equatoriais (Figura 1C); parafises capitadas ou clavada-capitadas, paredes finas abaixo e engrossadas acima, 6,20 a 6,82 μm espessas no apice (Figura 1D), de amarelo-palidas a amarelo-ouro. Estas caracteristicas estao de acordo com aquelas observadas por Melo et al. (

Ocorrência de pinta preta, causada por Guignardia citricarpa, em tangerineiras 'Montenegrina' no sul do Paraná

(McAlp.)van der Aa.], foi registrada no Brasil pela primeira vez em1980, no Rio de Janeiro, afetando pomares comerciais demexerica do ‘Rio’, nos municipios de Sao Goncalo e Itaborai,na baixada fluminense. Em Sao Paulo a doenca foi constatadanos municipios de Conchal e Engenheiro Coelho, em 1992,afetando limoeiros e laranjeiras doces. No Rio Grande do Sula doenca foi constatada em 1986 afetando tangerineiras‘Montenegrina’, no vale do Rio Cai.Em amostras de tangerinas ‘Montenegrina’ (