José Luis García Hernández

Potencial forrajero del pasto salado, Distichlis spicata L., (greene) en ecosistemas costeros de Baja California sur, México por el método de "componentes principales"

Forage potential of the non-domesticated saltgrass Distichlis spicata (Gramineae) was determined by analyzing its chemical and productive variables using principal components analysis (PCA). Plants were collected from five sites amongst three locations, in areas including wetlands shores, centers, and beach. The results suggested that D. spicata is a rough, poorly digested forage, as explained by the statistical significance of the variables, which indicate that neutral detergent fiber (NDF: 67%), acid detergent fiber (ADF: 52%), and minerals (ASH: 15%) were the main variables in the PCA. NDF, ADF, and ASH components were found to be part of two lineal functions that explain 84% of the total variance of the forage potential. Based on these functions, four forage types were identified: Chametla wetlands shore is significantly influenced by NDF and ASH and qualified as forage with fiber and mineral content in association, Mar Azul, qualified as a balanced forage, Chametla wetlands center and beach, influenced by ash, qualified as mineral-source forage, and San Carlos, influenced by ADF and classified as a poorly digested forage. The results suggest that different populations of D. spicata have different forage potential. D. spicata was generally defined as a fiber forage species, with low digestibility and high mineral content.

Fertilización química y orgánica en la producción de sandía en el norte de México

In the present study, the effect of fertilization with solarized bovine manure and vermicompost at different levels in the watermelon crop variety PEACOCK WR124 was evaluated. A watering system was used. The study factors were bovine manure (FE) and vermicompost (FV) at different levels. In the case of FE: 0, 40, 60, 80 t ha-1, chemical fertilization (FQ) 120-60 and for FV: 0, 3, 6, 9 t ha-1. An experimental block design was used randomly with arrangement in stripes with three repetitions. The soil variables studied were: electrical conductivity, pH, organic matter and nitrates at three depths (0 to 15, 15 to 30 and 30 to 45 cm). The yield and total soluble solids in fruit were evaluated. The highest values u200bu200bof organic matter (3.23%) and nitrates (39.71 mg kg-1) were found in the depth from 0 to 15 cm, corresponding to the treatment of 80 t ha-1 of solarized bovine manure and 9 t ha-1 of vermicompost, showing an increase due to the interaction of organic fertilizers. Significant statistical difference was found in CE and soil pH. The best yields were associated with the treatment of vermicompost of 3 t ha-1 with the chemical treatment, with a yield of 32 t ha-1.

Bioinoculants and organic fertilizers in the production of silage corn

Introduction : The forage production in the Comarca Lagunera is intensive, so there is not enough time that allows the soil to recover. Silage corn crop in this region is second in importance with respect to the harvested area; that is why it is essential to search for strategies to recover the quality of the soils without affecting the yield. Method : The production of silage corn was evaluated with the hybrid P3258W, from Pioneer. A commercial bio-inoculant was applied to the soil at doses of 0, 20 and 40 l ha-1, in combination with seven sources of fertilizer: vermicompost at 5 and 10 t ha -1 , dairy cow manure in 80 t ha -1 , inorganic fertilizer (191-75-30 NPK), and a commercial organic fertilizer at doses of 2.5 and 5 l ha-1 and the control. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, and the treatments in a split-plot arrangement, where the main plot was the bio-inoculant and the subplot was the source of fertilization. The variables evaluated were fresh and dry forage yield, plant height at harvest; soil samples taken after the harvest were evaluated for: organic matter, pH, electrical conductivity, inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus. In plant samples taken at harvest, total nitrogen and phosphorus were determined. Results : There was significant differences in yield with respect to the fertilizer source and the best treatment was manure applied at a dose of 80 t ha -1 . In the characteristics of the soil: organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus showed significant differences among doses of soil bio-innoculant and among fertilizer sources. For plant nitrogen, differences were significant among doses of bio-inoculant and among fertilizer sources. In the case of plant phosphorus, the analysis showed a significant interaction among doses of bio-inoculant and fertilizer sources. Conclusion : The production of silage corn can be carried out using bio-inoculants and organic fertilizers without affecting the yield and improving the content of organic matter, nitrogen phosphorus in the soil.